بررسی سمیت حاد و مزمن عصاره متانولی پوست گیاه Bombax costatum (Bombacaceae در موش
Subject Areas : Journal of Medicinal Herbs, "J. Med Herb" (Formerly known as Journal of Herbal Drugs or J. Herb Drug)نونو محمد 1 , جوسف آنوکا 2 , علیو موسی 3 , جامیلو یاو 4
1 - گروه داروسازی و درمانی ، دانشگاه احمدو بل زریا ، نیجریه؛
2 - گروه داروسازی و درمانی ، دانشگاه احمدو بل زریا ، نیجریه؛
3 - گروه شیمی دارویی و دارویی ، علوم دارویی ، دانشگاه احمدو بل زریا ، نیجریه
4 - گروه داروسازی و درمانی ، دانشگاه احمدو بل زریا ، نیجریه؛
Keywords: Toxicity, safety, Necrosis, Bombax costatum, Transaminase,
Abstract :
Background & Aim:Bombax costatumis widely used in the African traditional medicine for the management of liver diseases, fever, epilepsy and pain but its safety on prolong administration have not been evaluated. The present study aimed at evaluating the toxicological properties of the methanol stem bark extract (MSBE) of Bombax costatum. Experimental: Oral median lethal dose (LD50) was estimated. Effects of methanol stem bark extract of Bombax costatum (MSBE)(31.25, 62.5 and 125 mg/kg) on mean body weight, relative organ weight (ROW), liver function, kidney function, lipid profile, haematological parameters and histopathological changes in some organs were evaluated following 28 days daily oral administration to mice. Results: Oral LD50 of MSBE of B. costatum was estimated to be >5000 mg/kg. There was significant (p < /em>>0.005) increase in mean body weight of mice over time. The extract caused significant (p < /em><0.05) increase in ROW of liver and significant (p < /em><0.05) decrease in ROW of the kidneys at 125mg/kg. Significant increase in alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase were also observed at 125 mg/kg when compared to normal control group. Mild to moderate necrosis were also observed in the liver and kidneys of treated groups. Recommended applications/industries: The results suggested that prolong oral administration of methanol stem bark extract of B.costatum at doses higher than 62.5 mg/kg might be toxic to the liver and kidneys.
Assogba, G.A., Fandohan,A.B., Salako, V.K. and Assogbadjo, A.E. 2017. Uses of Bombax costatum (Malvaceae) in the surrounding areas of the Pendjari biosphere reserve, Republic of Benin. Tropical Woods and Forests, 333(3): 17-33.
Bandaranayake, W.M. 2006. Quality control, screening, toxicity, and regulation of herbal drugs, In: Ahmad, I., Aqil, F. and Owais, M. Modern Phytomedicine: Turning Medicinal plants into Drugs. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co., Germany, pp. 25-57.
Colerangle, J.B. 2017. Preclinical development of nononcogenic drugs (Small and large molecules). (2nd ed). In: Faqi, A.S. (Ed). A Comprehensive Guide to Toxicology in Non-clinical Drug Development.Academic Press, U.K. pp. 659-683.
Cunningham, A.B. 1988. An investigation of the herbal medicine trade in Natal/KwaZulu. Investigational Report No. 29, Institute of Natural Resources, Natal. University of Natal.University Press.
Dalziel, J.M. 1985. The Useful Plants of West Tropical Africa. Kew: Royal Botanic Gardens; Volume 1. pp 960.
Daniel, S.P. 2015. Evaluation of Liver Function. In: Fauci, A.S., Braunwald, E., Kasper, D.L., Hauser, S.L., Longo, D.L., Jameson, J.L., Loscalzo, J.(eds.) Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine 17th Ed. New York:The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Pp. 1995- 1999.
Jordan, S.A., Cunningham, D.G. and Marles, R.J. 2010. Assessment of herbal medicinal products: challenges, and opportunities to increase the knowledge base for safety assessment. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 243:198-216.
Loomis, T.A. and Hayes, A.W. 1996. Loomis’s Essentials of Toxicology, 4th ed. Academic Press, California.
McKnight, D.C., Mills, R.G., Bray, J.J. and Crag, P.A. 1999. Human Physiology. 4th Edition. Churchill Livingstone, pp. 290-294.
McNamara, B.P. 1976. Concepts in health evaluation of commercial and industrial chemicals. In: Mehlman, M.A., Shapiro, R.E., Blumental, H. (Eds.), New Concepts in Safety Evaluation. Hemisphere, Washington, DC.
Mohammed, N., Yaro, A.H. and Nazifi, A.B. 2018. Bombax costatum Pellegr. and Vuillet Stem Bark Extract Prevents Paracetamol and Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Liver Injury in Rats. Tropical Journal of Natural Products Research, 2(5):220-226
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. 2001. OECD guidelines for testing of chemicals, Test No. 423, Acute toxic class method. Available on the OECD public website for Test Guidelines at www.oecd.org/env/testguidelines.
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. 2008. Repeated Dose 28-day Oral Toxicity Study in Rodents. Available on the OECD public website for Test Guidelines at www.oecd.org/env/testguidelines.
Rosidah, Y., Yam, M.F., Sadikun, A., Ahmad, M., Akowuah, G.A, Asmawi, M.Z. 2009. Toxicological evaluation of standardized methanol extract of Gynura procumbens. Journal of Ethnopharmacology,123: 244-249.
Teo, S., Stirling, D., Thomas, S., Hoberman, A., Kiorpes, A. and Khetani, V. 2002. A 90- day oral gavage toxicity study of d-methylphenidate and d,l-methylphenidate in Sprague Dawley rats. Toxicology, 179: 183-196.
WHO 2013. WHO Traditional Medicine Strategy 2014-2023, Geneva: WHO Press.
