روش‌های تعیین جنسیت جنین در پرورش گاو: مروری

Subject Areas : Camel

و. ساچان ¹ (Department of Veterinary Gynecology and Obstetrics, College of Veterinary and Animal Science, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Veterinary Science University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India)
ب. کومار ² (Department of Animal Reproduction, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India)
جی. کومار آگراوال ³ (Department of Veterinary Gynecology and Obstetrics, College of Veterinary and Animal Science, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Veterinary Science University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India)
آ. کومار ⁴ (Department of Veterinary Gynecology and Obstetrics, College of Veterinary and Animal Science, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Veterinary Science University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India)
آ. ساکسنا ⁵ (Department of Veterinary Gynecology and Obstetrics, College of Veterinary and Animal Science, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Veterinary Science University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India)

Received: 2019-03-31 Accepted : 2019-05-30 Published : 2020-03-01

Keywords: PCR, کاریوتایپ, تعیین جنسیت جنین, هیبریداسیون آزمایشگاهی فلورسنت, حلقه,

Abstract :

بخش‌های مختلف پرورش چارپایان اهلی همانند صنایع گوشتی از تولید حیوانات نر سود می‌برند، اگرچه صنایع لبنی از تولید شیر توسط حیوانات ماده سود می‌برد. بنابراین، نیاز به تولید حیوانات دارای جنس مطلوب مورد نیاز است، اگرچه می‌تواند توسط پیش تعیین جنسیت جنین در رحم در زمان آبستنی انجام شود، بدین معنی که پیش‌تعیین جنسیت ممکن است از اهمیت اقتصادی زیادی برخوردار باشد. کنترل نسبت جنسیت توسط پیش‌بینی جنسی رویان پیش از لانه‌گزینی سودمند خواهد بود، نه تنها در رابطه با جنبه مدیریتی، تولید و برنامه‌های پرورشی چارپایان اهلی، بلکه همچنین در تشخیص ناهنجاری‌های ژنتیکی در مرحله قبل از تولد. تعیین جنسیت پیش از لانه‌گزینی رویان‌ها نه تنها کارایی انتقال جنین را بهبود می‌دهد، بلکه همچنین انتقال جنین‌های با جنسیت مطلوب را تسهیل می‌کند. اسپرم طبقه‌بندی شده جنسی یکی از تکنیک‌های است که این نیاز را برآورده می‌کند اما بسیار گران و با کارایی کمتر است. مفهومی دیگر از حیوانات بهبود یافته ژنتیکی با جنس مطللوب تعیین جنسیت جنین است. تعیین جنسیت جنین پتانسیل بالایی برای حداکثر‌سازی بهره‌وری تولید لبنی از طریق کنترل نسبت جنسیت گونه‌های اهلی دارد. روش‌های بسیاری برای تعیین جنس جنین دسته‌بندی شده به عنوان تکنیک‌های تهاجمی و غیر تهاجمی با کارایی و شایستگی‌های متنوع وجود دارند.

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