القاء شیردهی در گاوهای هلشتاین با استفاده از تزریق پروژسترون یا درج واژنی پروژسترون

Subject Areas : Camel

F. Rivera-Acuna ¹ (Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, 5 de Febrero 818 Sur, Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, Mexico)
E. Prado-Martinez ² (Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, 5 de Febrero 818 Sur, Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, Mexico)
P. Luna-Nevarez ³ (Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, 5 de Febrero 818 Sur, Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, Mexico)
M.G. Mendez-Castillo ⁴ (Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, 5 de Febrero 818 Sur, Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, Mexico)
L. Avendano-Reyes ⁵ (Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Boulevard Delta s / n, Ejido Nuevo León, Valle de Mexicali, Baja California, Mexico)
J.F. Hernandez-Chavez ⁶ (Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, 5 de Febrero 818 Sur, Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, Mexico)
J.L. Espinoza-Villavicencio ⁷ (Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur, Carretera al Sur, Apdo. Postal 19-B, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico)
J. Hernandez-Ceron ⁸ (Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Ciudad Universitaria, Del. Coyoacán, Mexico)
A. Correa-Calderon ⁹ (Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Boulevard Delta s / n, Ejido Nuevo León, Valle de Mexicali, Baja California, Mexico)

Received: 2014-05-07 Accepted : 2014-06-30 Published : 2015-03-01

Keywords: تولید شیر, پروژسترون, شوک حرارتی, القای شیردهی, ترکیبات شیر,

Abstract :

هدف از این مطالعه بررسی اثر جایگزینی تزریق پروژسترون توسط پروژسترون واژینال در پارامترهای تولیدی و تولید مثلی گاوهای با مشکلات باروری پس از دوره‌های طولانی مدت از تنش گرمایی بود. پانزده گاو هلشتاین به طور تصادفی به یکی از سه گروه تیماری اختصاص داده شدند: 1) تحت درمان با دو درج واژنی پروژسترون (P4-INS)، 2) تحت درمان با پروژسترون و استرادیول از طریق تزریق (P4-INJ) و 3) کنترل، گاو با آبستنی و زایمان معمول. همه گاوها با دستورالعمل زمانی تلقیح مصنوعیPresynch-Co-Synch  تیمار شدند و پس از آن در 71 روز شیردهی تلقیح شدند. غلظت P4 در (P4-INS) و (P4-INJ) گاو در طول 7 روز اول القاء شیردهی مشابه بود (05/0P>) و پس از آن به صورت خطی در هر دو گروه افزایش یافت. تولید تصحیح شده شیر، تولید شیر کل، و میانگین تولید شیر روزانه در گاوهای تیمار شده مشابه بود (05/0P>)، اما گاوهای گروه (P4-INJ) تولید شیر کمتری (05/0P<) از گاوهای کنترل داشتند. روز‌های شیردهی و اوج عملکرد در میان تمام گروه ها مشابه بود (05/0P>). درصد چربی شیر و پروتئین، و نیز روزهای اوج تولید شیر در هر دو گروه تحت تیمار نسبت به گروه کنترل بالاتر بود (05/0P<). نمره وضعیت بدن، خدمات در آبستنی، آبستنی در اولین سرویس، آبستنی کل، روزهای باز و نرخ حذف در پایان شیردهی در میان گروه‌ها مشابه بود (05/0P>) تجویز پروژسترون توسط تزریق یا با درج واژنی منجر به پارامترهای مشابه تولیدی و تولید مثلی گاو شیری با القاء شیردهی شد.

References:

Akers R.M. (2006). Major advances associated with hormone and growth factor regulation of mammary growth and lactation in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 89, 1222-1234.
Avendaño-Reyes L., Álvarez-Valenzuela F.D., Correa-Calderón A., Saucedo-Quintero J.S. and Robinson P.H. (2006). Effect of cooling Holstein cows during the dry period on postpartum performance under heat stress conditions. Liv. Sci. 105, 198-206.
Baumrucker C.R. and Stemberger B.H. (1989). Insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 stimulate DNA synthesis in bovine mammary tissue in vitro. J. Anim. Sci. 67, 3503-3514.
Bauman D.E., Peel C.J., Steinhour W.D., Reynolds P.J., Tyrrel H.F., Brown A.C.G. and Haaland G.L. (1988). Effect of bovine somatotropin on metabolism of lactating dairy cows: influence on rates of irreversible loss and oxidation of glucose and nonesterified fatty acids. J. Nutr. 118, 1031-1040.
Bauman D.E. and Vernon R.G. (1993). Effects of exogenous bovine somatotropin on lactation. Annu. Rev. Nutr. 13, 437-461.
Bauman D.E., Everett R.W., Weiland W.H. and Collier R.J. (1999). Production responses to bovine somatotropin in Northeast dairy herds. J. Dairy Sci. 82, 2564-2573.
Bilby T.R., Guzeloglu A., Kamimura S., Pancarci S.M., Michel F., Head H.H. and Thatcher W.W. (2004). Pregnancy and bovine somatotropin in nonlactating dairy cows: I. Ovarian, conceptus and insulin-like growth factor system responses. J. Dairy Sci. 87, 3256-3267.
Bitman J., Wood D.L., Tyrrell H.F., Bauman D.E., Peel C.J., Brown A.C.G. and Reynolds R.J. (1984). Blood and milk lipid responses induced by growth hormone administration in lactating cows. J. Dairy Sci. 67, 2873-2880.
Byatt J.C., Eppard P.J., Veenhuizen J.J., Curran T.L., Curran D.F., McGrath M.F. and Collier R.J. (1994). Stimulation of mammogenesis and lactogenesis by recombinant bovine placental lactogen in steroid-primed dairy heifers. J. Endocrinol. 140, 33-43.
Cerri R.L.A., Santos J.E.P., Juchem S.O., Galvao K.N. and Chebel R.C. (2004). Timed artificial insemination with estradiol cypionate or insemination at estrus in high-producing dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 87, 3704-3715.
Chebel R.C. and Santos J.E.P. (2010). Effect of inseminating cows in estrus following a presynchronization protocol on reproductive and lactation performances. J. Dairy Sci. 93, 4632-4643.
Collier R.J., Bauman D.E. and Hays R.L. (1975). Milk production and reproductive performance of cows hormonally induced into lactation. J. Dairy Sci. 58, 1524-1527.
Davis S.R., Welch R.A., Pearce M.G. and Peterson A.J. (1983). Induction of lactation in nonpregnant cows by estradiol-17 beta and progesterone from an intravaginal sponge. J. Dairy Sci. 66, 450-457.
Edgerton L.A. and Hafs  H.D. (1973). Serum luteinizing hormone, prolactin, glucocorticoid and progestin in dairy cows from calving to gestation. J. Dairy Sci. 56, 451-458.
Erb R.E., Monk E.L., Mollett T.A., Malven P.V. and Callahan C.J. (1976). Estrogen, progesterone, prolactin and other changes associated with bovine lactation induced with estradiol-17-ßand progesterone. J. Anim. Sci. 42, 644-654.
Ferguson J.D., Galligan D.T. and Thomsen N. (1994). Principal descriptors of body condition score in Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci. 77, 2665-2703.
Finucane K.A., McFadden T.B., Bond J.P., Kennelly J.J. and Zhao F.Q. (2008). Onset of lactation in the bovine mammary gland: gene expression profiling indicates a strong inhibition of gene expression in cell proliferation. Func. Integr. Genom. 8, 251-264.
Fowler P.A., Knight C.H. and Foster M.A. (1991). In vivo magnetic resonance imaging studies of mammogenesis in non-pregnant goats treated with exogenous steroids. J. Dairy Res. 58, 151-157.
Gorewit R.C. and Tucker H.A. (1977). Lactational events related to glucocorticoid binding in bovine mammary tissue. J. Dairy Sci. 60, 889-895.
Haslam Z.S. and Shyamala G. (1979). Effect of oestradiol on progesterone receptors in normal mammary glands and its relationship with lactation. Biochem. J. 182, 127-131.
Herrenkohl R.L. (1972). Effects on lactation of progesterone injections administered after parturition in the rat. Exp. Biol. Med. 140, 1356-1359.
Kensinger R.S., Bauman D.E. and Collier R.J. (1979). Season and treatment effects on serum prolactin and milk yield during induced lactation. J. Dairy Sci. 62, 1880-1888.
Knight C.H. and Wilde C.J. (1993). Mammary cell changes during pregnancy and lactation. Liv. Prod. Sci. 35, 3-19.
Lima J.R., Rivera F., Narciso C., Oliveira R., Chebel R.C. and Santos J.E.P. (2009). Effect of concentrations of progesterone during a timed AI protocol on fertility of lactating dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 92, 5436-5446.
Lucy M.C. (2000). Regulation of ovarian follicular growth by somatotropin and insulin-like growth factors in cattle. J. Dairy Sci. 83, 1635-1647.
Lucy M.C., Billings H.J., Butler W.R., Ehnis L.R., Fields M.J., Kesler D.J., Kinder J.E., Mattos R.C., Short R.E., Thatcher W.W., Wettemann R.P., Yelich J.V. and Hafs H.D. (2001). Efficacy of an intravaginal progesterone insert and an injection of PGF_2αfor synchronizing estrus and shortening the interval to pregnancy in postpartum beef cows, peripubertal beef heifers, and dairy heifers. J. Anim. Sci. 79, 982-995.
Lucy M.C., Verkerk G.A., Whyte B.E., Macdonald K.A., Burton L., Cursons R.T., Roche J.R. and Holmes C.W. (2009). Somatotropic axis components and nutrient partitioning in genetically diverse dairy cows managed under different feed allowances in a pasture system. J. Dairy Sci. 92, 526-539.
Macrina A.L., Tozer P.R. and Kensinger R.S. (2011a). Effect of bovine somatotropin administration during induction of lactation in 15-month-old heifers on production and health. J. Dairy Sci. 94, 4566-4573.
Macrina A.L., Tozer P.R. and Kensinger R.S. (2011b). Induced lactation in pubertal heifers: efficacy, response to bovine somatotropin and profitability. J. Dairy Sci. 94, 1355-1364.
Magliaro A.L., Kensinger R.S., Ford S.A., O’Connor M.L., Muller L.D. and Graboski R. (2004). Induced lactation in nonpregnant cows: Profitability and response to bovine somatotropin. J. Dairy Sci. 87, 3290-3297.
Manalu W., Johnson H.D., Li R.Z., Becker B.A. and Collier R.J. (1991). Assessment of thermal status of somatotropin injected lactating Holstein cows maintained under controlled-laboratory thermoneutral, hot and cold environments. J. Nutr. 121, 2006-2019.
Mellado M., Chirino E., Meza-Herrera C., Veliz F.G., Arévalo J.R., Mellado J. and de Santiago A. (2011). Effect of lactation number, year, and season of initiation of lactation on milk yield of cows hormonally induced into lactation and treated with recombinant bovine somatotropin. J. Dairy Sci. 94, 4524-4530.
Mills E.S. and Topper Y.J. (1970). Some ultra-structural effects of insulin, hydrocortisone, and prolactin on mammary gland explants. J. Cell. Biol. 44, 310-328.
Moreira F., Orlandi C., Risco C.A., Mattos R., Lopes F. and Thatcher W.W. (2001). Effects of pre-synchronization and bovine somatotropin on pregnancy rates to a timed artificial insemination protocol in lactating dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 84,1646-1659.
Nagasawa H., Chen C.L. and Meites J. (1969). Effects of estrogen implant in median eminence on serum and pituitary prolactin levels in the rat. Exp. Biol. Med. 132, 859-861.
NRC. (2001). Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle. 7^th Ed. National Academy Science, Washington, DC.
NAHMS. (2007). Reference of Dairy Cattle Health and Management Practices in the United States. Part I. USDA, Washington, DC.
Pelissier C.L. (1972). Herd breeding problems and their consequences. J. Dairy Sci. 55, 385-391.
Rivera F., Narciso C., Oliveira R., Cerri R.L.A., Correa-Calderón A., Chebel R.C. and Santos J.E.P. (2010). Effect of bovine somatotropin (500 mg) administered at ten-day intervals on ovulatory responses, expression of estrus, and fertility in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 93, 1500-1510.
Rivera F.A., Mendonça L.G., Lopes Jr., Santos G., Perez J.E., Amstaldem R.V., Correa-Calderón A. and Chebel R.C. (2011). Reduced progesterone concentration during growth of the first follicular wave affects embryo quality but has no effect on embryo survival post transfer in lactating dairy cows. Reproduction. 141, 333-342.
SAS Institute. (2004). SAS/STAT: User’s guide statistics released 9.12^th Ed. SAS Institute, Inc. Cary, NC, USA.
Smith K.L. and Schanbacher F.L. (1973). Hormone induced lactation in the bovine. I. Lactational performance following injections of 17ß-estradiol and progesterone. J. Dairy Sci. 56, 738-743.
St. Pierre N.R., Cobanov B. and Schnitkey G. (2003). Economic losses from heat stress by US livestock industries. J. Dairy Sci. 86, 52-77.
Villa-Godoy A. (2003). Inducción de la lactancia y obtención de leche “residual” en vacas altas productoras: pros y contras. Pp. 101-116 in Proc. 2^th Simpos. Nacional de Infertilidad en la Vaca Lechera. Torreón, Coahuila, México.