اثر استفاده از فن آوری های تولیدمثلی در پیشرفت ژنتیکی گاوهای بومی سیستانی ایران: مطالعه شبیه سازی

Subject Areas : Camel

ه. فرجی-آروق ¹ (Research Center of Special Domestic Animals, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran)
م. رکوعی ² (Department of Animal Science and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran)
ع. مقصودی ³ (Department of Animal Science and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran)
م. مهری ⁴ (Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran)
س. انصاری مهیاری ⁵ (Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran)
ا. کریستین سورنسن ⁶ (Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Center for Quantitative Genetics and Genomics, Blichers Allé 208830, Tjele, Denmark)

Received: 2018-01-16 Accepted : 2018-07-31 Published : 2019-03-01

Keywords: انتقال جنین, تلقیح مصنوعی, آمیزش تصادفی, گله سیستانی,

Abstract :

اثر تلقیح مصنوعی (AI)، انتقال جنین (ET) برای مادر نرها (BD) و اسپرم تعیین جنس شده (SS) برای مادر گاوها (CD) با و بدون کنترل هم ­خونی با استفاده از شبیه ­سازی تصادفی مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. سه سطح انتقال جنین (بدون انتقال جنین، انتقال جنین برای کل مادر نرها و انتقال جنین برای 20 درصد مادر نرها)، پنج سطح اسپرم تعیین جنس شده (اسپرم معمولی، اسپرم حاوی کروموزوم X برای کل و 20 درصد مادر گاوها، اسپرم حاوی کروموزوم Y برای کل و 20 درصد مادر گاوها)، سه سطح تلقیح مصنوعی (بدون تلقیح مصنوعی، تلقیح مصنوعی برای 50 و 90 درصد گاوها) و دو سطح آمیزش (تصادفی و حداقل هم­تباری) باهم ترکیب شده و 66 راهبرد مورد بررسی قرار گرفت و ترکیب بدون تلقیح مصنوعی، انتقال جنین و اسپرم معمولی به‌ عنوان گروه کنترل منظور گردید. جمعیت شبیه­ سازی شده شامل 40 گله 50 رأسی برای مدت 30 سال بود. نتایج نشان داد که استفاده از تکنیک­ های تلقیح مصنوعی، انتقال جنین و اسپرم تعیین جنس شده نرخ سالیانه شاخص شایستگی کل (TMI)، هم­ خونی و صحت انتخاب را افزایش دادند. در مقایسه با گروه کنترل، نرخ تغییرات سالیانه شاخص شایستگی کل برای استفاده از تکنیک ­های تلقیح مصنوعی، انتقال جنین و ترکیب سه تکنیک (تلقیح مصنوعی، انتقال جنین و اسپرم تعیین جنس شده) به ترتیب 95/41، 91/36 و 91/83 درصد و تغییرات سالیانه هم­خونی به ترتیب 192، 57 و 207 درصد افزایش یافت. آمیزش با حداقل هم ­تباری هم­خونی را کاهش داد، اما بر پارامترهای دیگر تأثیری نداشت. نتایج پیشنهاد می­ کند که استفاده از انتقال جنین برای 20 درصد مادر نرها، اسپرم حاوی کروموزوم Y برای کل مادر گاوها و تلقیح مصنوعی برای 90 درصد گاوها به تنهایی و در ترکیب با یکدیگر به همراه آمیزش حداقل هم ­تباری ممکن است منجر به پیشرفت ژنتیکی بیشتر و کمترین نرخ هم­ خونی شود. این فن­ آوری‌ها و استراتژی کنترل هم ­خونی ممکن است نسبت تغییر سالیانه شاخص شایستگی کل به تغییرات سالیانه هم­ خونی را افزایش دهد.

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