ارزش غذایی، ساختارهای مولکولی FTIR، غلضت سموم قارچی و عناصر سنگین انگور رقم بی‌دانه سفید در سه مرحله قوره، رسیده و کشمش در نشخوارکنندگان
Subject Areas : Camel
م. یاری
1
(Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Malayer University, Malayer, Iran|Iranian Grape and Raisin Institute, Malayer University, Malayer, Iran)
م. منافی
2
(Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Malayer University, Malayer, Iran)
م. هدایتی
3
(Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Malayer University, Malayer, Iran)
ر. کریمی
4
(Iranian Grape and Raisin Institute, Malayer University, Malayer, Iran|Department of Landscape Engineering, College of Agriculture, Malayer University, Malayer, Iran)
ر. ولی‌زاده
5
(Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran)
آ. جنکر
6
(Grasslands Research Centre, AgResearch Limited, Palmerston North, New Zealand)
Keywords: نشخوارکنندگان, سموم قارچی, ارزش انرژی, ساختارهای مولکولی FTIR, محصولات انگور, کینتیک‌های تولید گاز,
Abstract :
انگور و محصولات بدست آمده از آن به خاطر مصرف در تغذیه انسان، اهمیت فراوانی در دنیا دارند. با این وجود، این محصولات ممکن است گاهی اوقات به دلیل قیمت و کیفیت پایین در تغذیه نشخوارکنندگان استفاده شود. اهداف این پژوهش تعیین ارزش غذایی انگور رقم بی‌دانه سفید در سه مرحله غوره (خوشه کامل)، رسیده (خوشه کامل)، و کشمش برای نشخوارکنندگان به صورت اندازه‌گیری ترکیب شیمیایی و ویژگی‌های تخمیر‌پذیری به روش تولید گاز در محیط آزمایشگاهی، بررسی ساختار مولکولی با استفاده از روش FTIR (اسپکتروسکوپی مادون قرمز با تبدیل فوریه) و آلودگی‌های عناصر سنگین و سموم قارچی بود. در مقایسه با انگور رسیده و کشمش، غوره نسب نیتروژن به کربوهیدارت، فنول و تانن کل بیشتری داشت (05/0>P) و بیشترین ناحیه پیک مربوط به ترکیبات فنولی و کربوهیدارت‌های ساختاری در بررسی FTIR مربوط به میوه غوره بود (05/0>P). کشمش تولید گاز تجمعی بیشتری در 24 ساعت از انکوباسیون داشت (05/0>P). مقادیر آفلاتوکسین B1، B2، G1 و G2 و آکراتوکسین A در میوه غوره و رسیده ناچیز بود در صورتیکه مقادیر کمی در کشمش مشاهده شد (05/0>P). غلظت سرب در میوه غوره و کشمش کمتر از میوه رسیده بود (05/0>P). در نتیجه، ترکیبات فنولی و تانن‌ها، غلظت سموم قارچی و عناصر سنگین در میوه غوره و رسیده و کشمش انگور بی‌دانه سفید کمتر از سطوح سمی برای تغذیه در نشخوارکنندگان بود و الگو و قابلیت دسترسی مواد مغذی این محصولات، آنها را به عنوان ماده خوراکی مناسب در جیره نشخوارکنندگان ممکن می‌سازد.
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