مقایسه پروفیل اسید‌های چرب عضله راسته بزغاله، بره و گوساله پرورش‌یافته تحت شرایط سیستم عشایری ایران

Subject Areas : Camel

ع. کیانی ¹ (Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural Science, Lorestan University, Khoramabad, Iran)
م.ه. قارونی ² (Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lorestan University, Khoramabad, Iran)
ر. شریعتی ³ (Research and Development Section, Garrin Dam Simorg, Khorramabd, Iran)

Received: 2016-10-07 Accepted : 2017-03-15 Published : 2017-09-01

Keywords: نشخوارکنندگان, امگا-3, گوشت قرمز, سیستم پرورش عشایری,

Abstract :

سیستم عشایری نوعی از پرورش دام است که توسط عشایر ایران انجام می‌شود که در آن دام‌های بومی با استفاده از مراتع تغذیه می‌شوند. فرضیه آزمایش شده در پژوهش این بود که آیا بین اسیدهای چرب گوشت سه گونه دامی بویژه از لحاظ نسبت اسیدهای امگا-3 به امگا-6 و نسبت اسیدهای چرب چند غیر اشباع به اشباع تفاوتی وجود دارد. بدین منظور، اسیدهای چرب عضله راسته بزغاله (10 رآس)، بره دنبه دار (10 رأس)، و گوساله (10 رأس) های بومی منطقه که در مراتع طبیعی زاگرس (نورآباد، استان لرستان) تغذیه کردند، تعیین شد. وزن زنده بزغاله‌ها، بره‌ها و گوساله‌ها به ترتیب 6 ± 21، 4 ± 27 و 35 ± 158 کیلوگرم بود. پروفیل اسید‌های چرب نمونه‌های گوشت به دو صورت بدون چربی (لخم) و یا مخلوط با 30 درصد چربی زیرجلدی (چرب) تعیین شد. نتایج نشان داد، که گوشت بزغاله دارای اسیدهای چرب اشباع کمتری نسبت به گوشت بره و گوشت گوساله بود (1/41 در مقابل 2/46 و 4/47 درصد، 02/0=‌P). گوشت بزغاله دارای مقدار بیشتری اسید آلفا-لینولنیک (C18:3 n-3)، اسید ایکوزانوئیک (C20:5 n-3)، اسید دوکوزانوئیک (C22:5 n-3)، مقدار کمتری اسیدهای چرب ناسالم (اسید پالمیتیک+اسید میریستیک) و نسبت پایینتری از اسیدهای امگا-3 به امگا-6 در مقایسه با گوشت بره و گوشت گوساله بود. در نتیجه، گوشت بزغاله تولید شده در شرایط عشایری در مقایسه با گوشت بره و گوشت گوساله برای تغذیه انسانی حاوی پروفیل اسیدهای چرب سالمتری بود.

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