اثرات پروتئین غیرقابل تجزیه در شکمبه روی توان تولیدی و توازن نیتروژن گاوهای تازهزای هلشتاین
Subject Areas : Camel
1 - Department of Animal Science, Abhar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Abhar, Iran
2 - Department of Animal Science, Abhar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Abhar, Iran
Keywords: پروتئین غیرقابل تجزیه در شکمبه, گاو تازهزا, توان تولیدی, توازن نیتروژن,
Abstract :
عرضه پروتئین قابل متابولیسم (MP) و توازن اسیدهایآمینه از راه انتخاب منابع قابل هضم از RUP میتواند مورد دستکاری قرار گیرد. اثرات آن روی بازده تولیدی و مورد استفاده قرار گرفتن نیتروژن گاوهای شیری تازهزا تعیین شد. برای انجام این طرح از تعداد 42 رأس گاو هلشتاین تازهزا چند شکمزا و 16 رأس شکم اول در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی بلافاصله پس از زایش به مدت 3 هفته استفاده شد و سپس همگی یک جیره را تا 120 روز پس از زایش دریافت کردند. از سه تیمار آزمایشی با سه غلظت مختلف RUP (به ترتیب، تیمار اول 65/6 درصد RUP، تیمار دوم 72/7 درصد، و تیمار سوم 79/8 درصد بر اساس مادهخشک) بدون تغییر در RDP (3/11 درصد) استفاده شد. جیرهها حاوی 30/26 درصد یونجه خشک، 60/12 درصد ذرت سیلوشده، 50/9 درصد تفاله چغندر، و 5/51 درصد کنسانتره بر اساس ماده خشک بودند. اجزای جیرهها در بین تیمارها یکسان بودند به جز پودرماهی و کنجاله گلوتن ذرت که در جایگزینی نسبی با دانه جو و کنجاله سویا استفاده شد. ماده خشک مصرفی تفاوت معنیدار نداشت، ولی افزایش عددی داشت. دادههای تولید شیر و تولید شیر تصحیح شده برای درصدهای مختلف چربی نیز تفاوت معنیدار داشتند (05/0>P). ترکیبات شیر به جز پروتئین شیر که تفاوت معنیدار در بین تیمارها داشت (05/0>P)، از لحاظ آماری تفاوتی را نشان ندادند. تجزیه و تحلیل آماری نشان داد که تغییرات امتیاز شرایط بدنی با مصرف جیرههای دارای RUP بالاتر بهبود معنیداری داشت (05/0>P). نیتروژن اورهای شیر تفاوت معنیدار داشت (05/0>P). روند تغییرات نیتروژن پیشبینی شده ادراری همانند نیتروژن اورهای شیر بود. نیتروژنمصرفی نیز در بین تیمارها افزایش معنیدار نشان داد (05/0>P). قابلیتهضم مادهخشک و پروتئینخام افزایش معنیداری داشتند (05/0>P). در تیمار دارای RUP بالاتر نشان دادند. به طور کلی جیره با RUP بالاتر توانست از موبیلیزاسیون بیش از حد بافتهای بدن پیشگیری کند و تولید شیر و تولیدمثل حیوان را به طور معنیداری بهبود بخشد و گلوکز خون که شاخص مهمی در اوایل دوره پس از زایش است را افزایش دهد.
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