Analysis of the obstacles and limitations to Rural Housing Development (Case study: Zabol and Hamoon Counties)

Subject Areas : Urban and Regional Planning Studies

Sadegh Asghari Lafmejani ¹ (Assistant Professor of Geography and Rural Planning, Department of Geography, University of Zabol)
Azam Bordbar Galavi ² (MA in Geography and Rural Planning, University of Zabol)

Received: 2017-10-14 Accepted : 2020-10-09 Published : 2020-11-21

Keywords: village, housing development, obstacles and limitations,

Abstract :

Rural houses in Iran are very vulnerable because of their uncommon form and due to their weak structures and it seems that financial savings and lack of supervision over construction and structures are the determining factors. With this outlook, the present article intends to analyze the obstacles and limitations to the development of rural housing and to study the quality of rural houses in Zabol and Hamoun counties. The methodology of the present research is descriptive-analytical based on documentary sources and survey studies. The statistical population includes households living in 236 villages. The number of selected villages is determined 37 villages using Cochran and corrective formulas. Finally, using Cochran formula, 362 sample households were calculated and they were selected to complete the questionnaire and their status of housing. Data have been collected through interviews and completion of village questionnaires (with the help of members of Islamic rural councils, local experts and village administrators) and completion of household questionnaire and field observations forms. Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), the statistical and spatial analyses, and various software including Choice Expert, SPSS and ArcGIS are used to analyze the information. The results indicate that in 50.4% of households surveyed, there has been no control over housing construction. Also, regression analysis shows that the economic, institutional, social, and cultural components have the greatest influence on the general level of obstacles and limitations to housing development, but the effects of the physical and environmental components on the general level of obstacles and limitations are not significant.

References:

Afrakhteh, H. & Havasi, N. (2011). Analyzing the Role of Housing Loans on Rural Development Case Study: the District of Seyed Ebrahim, Dehloran, the scientific-research quarterly Geography (published by the Iranian Geographical Association), volume 9, 31(9), 55-76. (In Persian)

Ainali, J. (2014). Analysis of Factors Influencing Rural Housing Vulnerability to Earthquakes Case study: Sajasorood District, Khodabandeh, Zanjan Province, the scientific- research quarterly Geographical Atmosphere, Ahar Branch, Islamic Azad university, 14 (47), 77-90. (In Persian)

Ainali, J., Cheraghi, M. & Romiani, A. (2013). Evaluating the Role of Housing Credits in Reducing Physical Vulnerability of Rural Settlements Case study: Bazine Rood District, Khodabandeh (Zanjan Province), Housing and Rural Environment, No. 146, 77-90. (In Persian) 

Amanpour, S., Soleymani Rad, E., Keshtkar, L. & Mokhtari Chelcheh, S. (2014).  Evaluating Housing Cost in Ahvaz County using a Neural Network, the scientific-research quarterly Urban Economy and Management, 3 (9). 45-57. (In Persian)

Ansari, H., R. (2015). Functionality Evaluation and Analysis of Small-size Architectural Housing Designs Case Study: the 50,000 Unit Ghadir Complex of Maskan-e Mehr, the journal Fine Arts-Architecture and Urban Development, 3(20). 95-104. (In Persian)

Banski J. & Wesolowska, M. (2010). Transformations in housing construction in rural areas of Poland’s Lublin  region-influence on the Spatial settlement structure and Landscape Aesthetics, Landscape and Urban Planning, volume 94, Issue 2, 116-126.

Bosshaq, M., R., Salarvand, E.; and Seydaei, S., E. (2013). Analysis and Evaluation of Housing Stability Indices and Factors  Case Study: Rural Regions of the Central District in Ravansar County, the journal Rural Research and Planning, No. 4,. 25-48. (In Persian)

Choguill, C. (2007). The Search for Policies to Support Sustainable Housing, Habitat International, volume 31, 143-146.

Ghatei Kalashmi, Z., & Kabiri, F. (2016). Evaluation and Pathology of Post-Islamic Revolution Development Programs for Provision of Rural Housing in Iran, Housing and Rural Environment, No. 155, 51-60. (In Persian) 

Hamzah, N., Ramly, A., Salleh, H., Tawil, N.M., Khoiry, M.A. & Che Ani, A.I. (2011). The Importance of Design process in Housing Quality, 2nd International Building Control Conference, IBCC 2011 - Penang, Malaysia ,Procedia Engineering, No. 20, 483-489.

Heydari, A., Memarian, G., Mohammad Moradi, A. & Hosseinalipour, S.M. (2014). Feasibility Study of Native Methods of Wind Utilization in Improving Identity in Rural Housing Architecture of Modern Day Sistan, the Ninth Symposium on Advances in Science and Technology, , Mashhad University, Iran,1-10.(In Persian)

Ibem, O. & Aduwo, E.B.  (2013). Assesment of residential satisfaction in public housing in Ogun State, Nigeria, Habitat International, volume 40, 163-175.

Kalhor, A. & Salavati, A. (2009). Study and Analysis of Rural Housing Problems and Introduction of Suitable Strategies, the First National Conference on Housing and Rural Physical Development, pp. 1-5, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Zahedan, Iran. (In Persian) 

Kalhornia, B. (2008). The Process of Finding the Optimum Model for Rural Housing, the First International Conference on Traditional Settlements in Zagros, pp. 1-10, Sanandaj, Iran. (In Persian)  

Kumar, K. & Kumar, R. (2016). Impact of Rural Housing Schemes on Human Development in India–An Analysis. International Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies, 2(6).‏ 1-8.

Lotfi, H., Ahmadi, A. & Hassanzadeh Farjood, D. (2009). Indicators and Components Necessary in Planning and Policy Making for Rural Housing in Iran, the quarterly Environmental Planning (Amayesh), Quarterly, No. 7, 105-127. (In Persian) 

Maliene, V. & MaIys, N. (2009). High-quality housing – A key issue in delivering sustainable communities, Building and Environment, 44(2), 426-430.

Mirza Hashem, N. (2004). Safety of Villages against Earthquakes, the quarterly Dehyariha, volume 2, No. 9, 18-22. (In Persian)

Moldovan, I. M., Moldovan, S. V. & Ilieş, N. M. (2016). Rural Romanian Housing Degradation–Effect of Land Restitution and Unemployment Rates. Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia, 10, 438-443.‏

Najafi, A. (2004). Reinforcing Adobe Brick Buildings, the quarterly Dehdariha, volume 2, No. 8, 29-34. (In Persian).

 Nasiri, E. (2012). Spatial-Temporal Instability Analysis of Worn-out Urban Texture Case study: District 10 in Tehran, Urban Management, No. 31, 269-280. (In Persian)  

Seydaei, S., E., Kiani, S. & Solatni, Zahr. (2010). Analysis of Rural Housing Situation in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, the journal Rural Research, No. 2, 49-72. (In Persian)

Shakouri, A. & Asgari, N. (2012). Evaluating the Performance of Rural Housing Programs and Its Impact on Construction Quality in Rural Areas in the Fourth Development Plan, the journal Rural Research, 3(2), 151-191. (In Persian) 

Statistical Center of Iran, 2007, Identification Certificates for Villages in Zabol and Hamoun Counties in 2006, Tehran, Statistical Center of Iran. (In Persian)

Statistical Center of Iran, 2012, Identification Certificates for Villages in Zabol and Hamoun Counties in 2011, Tehran, Statistical Center of Iran. (In Persian)

Sunday, D. & Adejuwon, S. A. (2014). Housing Condition and Health Relationships in Ijeda-Ijesa and Iloko-Ijesa, Osun State, Nigeria. Global Journal of Human-Social Science Research, 14(7), 1-8.

Taghvaei, A., A., Bahrampour, M. & Shahin Rad, M. (2009). Restoration of Rural Housing after Trauma: Pathology-Guidance, Armanshahr, No. 2, 105-112. (In Persian)

Turgut, H. (2001). Culture, Continuity and Change", Structural Analysis of the Housing Pattern in Squatter Settlement, Global Environment Research, Volume 1, 17- 25.

Udoh, U. (2016). Housing Conditions in Rural Nigeria: Empirical Evidence from Oil-Rich Akwa Ibom State. Iranian Journal of Health, Safety and Environment, 3(3), 555-564.

Veisi, F. & Afsaneh K. (2015). Challenges for Rural Housing Modernization (Case Study: Armud County, Kurdistan Province), The Third National Congress on Sustainable, 1-10, Tehran, Iran Agriculture and Natural resources. (In Persian) 

Zainal, N.R., Kaur, G., Ahmad, N.A. & Khalili, J.M. (2012). Housing Conditions and Quality of life of the Urban Poor in Malaysia, ASEAN Conference on Environment-Behaviour Studies, Bangkok, Thailand. Volume 50, 827-838.

Zarei, M., E. & Behboudi, N. (2016). Investigation of Velocity and Pressure of Wind Movement in the Central Part of Vermal Castle Settlement in Sistan using CFD Simulation, the journal Islamic Architecture Research, Iran University of Science and Technology, 94-110. (In Persian)