کاربرد قبل از برداشت γ-آمینو بوتیریک اسید (GABA) و کلرید کلسیم بر بهبود عمر گلجایی گل رز شاخه بریده شده رقم جومیلیا
Subject Areas : Journal of Ornamental Plantsنرگس احسانی مهر 1 , مهدی حسینی فرهی 2 , محسن عبدی پور 3 , سعید عشقی 4
1 - دانشجوی دکتری گروه علوم باغبانی واحد یاسوج دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی یاسوج ایران
2 - دانشیار گروه علوم باغبانی، واحد یاسوج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، یاسوج، ایران
3 - استادیار، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی کهگیلویه و بویراحمد، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی (AREEO)، یاسوج، ایران
4 - واحد علوم باغبانی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شیراز شیراز ایران
Keywords: کلسیم, پلی آمین ها, میزان کلروفیل, فعالیت آنزیم ACC سنتتاز,
Abstract :
این مطالعه با هدف بررسی اثرات گاما آمینو بوتیریک اسید (GABA) و کلرید کلسیم (CaCl2) بر عمر گلجایی و فعالیت آنزیم ACC سنتاز گل رز شاخه بریده رقم جومیلیا انجام شد. یک آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 12 تیمار و 3 تکرار در گلخانه کشت بدون خاک انجام شد. تیمارها شامل گابا در چهار غلظت (0، 20، 40 و 60 میلی‌مولار) و کلرید کلسیم در سه غلظت (0، 0/75 و 1.5 درصد به صورت محلول‌پاشی) بود. کاربرد ترکیبی گابا و کلرید کلسیم به طور قابل توجهی عمر گلجایی گل رز شاخه بریده را در مقایسه با شاهد افزایش داد. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین و کمترین عمر گلجایی در گیاهان تیمار شده با گابا 20، 40 یا 60 میلی مولار و 0/75 درصد کلرید کلسیم کلسیم و گل های تیمار نشده به ترتیب با 19/1، 18/86، 18/74 و 13/85 روز به دست آمد. کاربرد قبل از برداشت گابا و کلرید کلسیم فعالیت آنزیم ACC سنتاز را مهار کرد. بیشترین و کمترین فعالیت ACC سنتاز در گیاهان تیمار شده با 40 میلی مولار گابا و کلرید کلسیم 1/5 و 0/75 درصد و گل های تیمار نشده به ترتیب با 3/57، 3/96 و 8/18 نانومول بر گرم وزن تر مشاهده شد. کاربرد ترکیبی گابا و کلرید کلسیم میزان کلسیم را 100/95 درصد نسبت به گیاهان شاهد افزایش داد. بیشترین و کمترین میزان کلروفیل کل در برگها مربوط به گیاهان تیمار شده با 60 میلی مولار گابا و 0/75 و 1/5 درصد کلرید کلسیم و گل های تیمار نشده به ترتیب با 8/4، 8/24 و 6/22 میلی گرم بر گرم وزن تر بود. محلول پاشی گابا و کلرید کلسیم به طور قابل توجهی (P < 0.01) باعث افزایش محتویات پلی آمین ها مانند پوترسین (Put)، اسپرمیدین (Spd) و اسپرمین (Spm) در گلبرگ های گل رز تیمار شده شد. بنابراین استفاده از محلول‌پاشی با 60 میلی مولار GABA و کلسیم کلرید 1/5 درصد به دلیل افزایش 38 درصدی عمر گل رز بریده توصیه می‌شود.
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