تحلیل ریشه ای عوامل محدود کننده کشاورزی چندکارکردی در ایران

Subject Areas : Decision-making

محبوبه خیراللهی ¹ , امیرحسین علی بیگی ² , فرحناز رستمی قبادی ³

1 - دکتری توسعه کشاورزی، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران
2 - دانشیار، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران
3 - استادیار، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران

Received: 2021-11-29 Accepted : 2023-05-27 Published : 2023-09-01

Keywords: ایران, کشاورزی چندکارکردی, تکنیک پنج چرا, تحلیل علل ریشه (RCA), ماتریس تصمیم GUT,

Abstract :

با وجود مطالعات متعدد در مورد کشاورزی چند منظوره، هنوز نمی توانیم توسعه کشاورزی چندمنظوره را در کشورهای در حال توسعه از جمله ایران تایید کنیم. هدف از این مطالعه کیفی، تحلیل علل ریشه ای عوامل محدودکننده چندکارکردی کشاورزی در غرب ایران بود. جامعه مورد مطالعه به صورت هدفمند از بین 12 نفر از کارشناسان و کشاورزان چندکاره کشاورزی در شهرستان دهلران انتخاب شد. داده ها با استفاده از مصاحبه های نیمه ساختاریافته در سه مرحله از تحلیل علل ریشه ای بر اساس رویکرد پیشنهادی انجمن کیفیت آمریکا (ASQ) جمع آوری شد. تجزیه و تحلیل مصاحبه ها منجر به شناسایی 19 علت مستقیم در شش دسته، 234 علت سطحی و 12 علت ریشه ای مؤثر بر مشکل شد. بر اساس امتیازدهی و اولویت بندی توسط ماتریس تصمیم گیری GUT (گرانش، فوریت و گرایش) و نمودار پارتو، هشت علت اصلی پیدا شد که عبارتند از: 1) عدم وجود آزمایشگاه های تحقیقاتی. 2) نظارت ناکارآمد بر فرآیند کشاورزی. 3) عدم حمایت تضمینی از کلیه محصولات کشاورزی منطقه. 4) عدم معرفی کشاورزی چند منظوره. 5) عدم تدوین سیاستهای استراتژیک با توجه به موقعیت منطقه. 6) سیاست های ناکارآمد برای تربیت کارشناسان کشاورزی چند منظوره. 7) فقدان برنامه های حمایتی هدفمند. و 8) سیاست گذاری ضعیف برای حمایت از کشاورزان چندکاره. با حذف یا اصلاح علل ریشه ای ذکر شده، نه تنها سایر علل سطحی از بین می روند، بلکه می توان توسعه کشاورزی چندکاره را نیز تسریع کرد.

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