تهیه نقشههای به روز شده پوشش گیاهی به وسیله پردازش تصاویر ماهوارهای: یک راه‌کار در مدیریت پایدار کشاورزی
Subject Areas : Environmental policy and management
Ali Mohammadi Torkashvand
1
(Department of Soil Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran.)
Shahryar Sobhe Zahedi
2
(Research Center of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Guilan, Iran)
Keywords: تصاویر ماهوارهای, کشاورزی پایدار, پوشش گیاهی, مدیریت کشاورزی,
Abstract :
یک عامل مهم در مدیریت اقتصادی و کشاورزی پایدار، محاسبه سطح زیر کشت محصولات مختلف است که واردات کشاورزی بدان وابسته است. برنامهریزی مکانیزاسیون کشاورزی، نیازهای کود و سم، آفتکشها و کنترل بیماریهای گیاهی، برآورد تولید کشاورزی، برنامهریزی واردات و مالیات، همه به برآورد سطح زیر کشت و تولیدات کشاورزی ارتباط دارد. یکی از مشکلات بخش کشاورزی ایران، فقدان آمار دقیق از سطح زیر کشت محصولات کشاورزی است که این موضوع در تولیدات باغبانی بیشتر است. در طول زمان، سطح زیر کشت محصولات کشاورزی، باغات و اراضی بایر تغییر میکند و در نتیجه برآورد عملکرد به خوبی صورت نمیپذیرد و این مشکلاتی را در برنامهریزی و مدیریت ایجاد میکند. نقشهبرداری زمینی وقتگیر و پرهزینه است، در حالیکه تهیه نقشه به کمک طبقهبندی تصاویر ماهوارهای دارای سرعت زیاد و کم هزینه است. امروزه، تکنیکهای پردازش تصویر در تخمین محصولات و تولید نقشههای به روز شده توسعه یافته است. یک مشکل اساسی، تداخل بازتابهای طیفی گیاهان است که روشهای مختلفی توسط محققین برای تمایز پوششهای گیاهی بر روی تصاویر ماهوارهای پیشنهاد شده است. در این مقاله، پردازش تصاویر ماهوارهای در نقشهبرداری پوشش گیاهی متنوع بررسی شده است
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