Study of morphological traits, yield components and qualitative and quantitative yield in landraces and improved cultivars of rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Subject Areas : Journal of Plant Ecophysiology

norollah kheyri ¹ , حسام حسین نژاد ² , امیر عباس موسوی ³ , پرویز یداللهی ⁴

1 - Young Researchers and Elite Club, Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Islamic Azad University, Amol, Iran
2 - M.Sc. Graduate, Dept. of Agronomy, Faculty of Agricultural, Islamic Azad University of Chalus, Chalus, Iran
3 - Asistant Prof. Dept. of Agronomy, Faculty of Agricultural, Islamic Azad University of Chalus, Chalus, Iran
4 - Young Researchers and Elite Club, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran

Received: 2015-06-01 Accepted : 2015-09-08 Published : 2017-02-19

Keywords: Rice, Grain yield, Genotype, Amylose,

Abstract :

In order to study of qualitative and quantitative traits of landraces and improved cultivars of rice, a field experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replicaties in Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University in 2011. Treatments were: three landraces including Tarom Mahali, Sange Tarom and Tarom Deilamani and nine improved cultivars including Partou, Jahesh, Danesh, Jelodar, Fajr, Sepidrood, Milad, Noksiah and R9. Results showed that rice genotypes had significant difference on all traits except for panicle length. The fertile tiller number per plant and filled grain number per panicle of improved cultivars were greater than landraces. But plant height of landraces was higher than improved cultivars. Cultivar of R9 had The highest number of grain per panicle and unfilled grain with number of 555.9 and 90 seed, respectively. Among genotypes, improved cultivars of Danesh and Jelodar had the maximum grain yield with 5395 and 5410 kg.ha-1, respectively. The longest grain before cooking was belonged to cv. Danesh, but the longest grain after cooking and the highest amylose content were belonged to cv. Tarom Mahali. The Cultivars of Tarom Mahali and Sange Tarom showed the highest amount of gel consistency. The gelatinization temperature for landraces and cultivars of Noksiah, Jahesh and R9 was medium (4-5 class) and for other cultivars was high (6-7 class). It was concluded that improved cultivars of Danesh and Jelodar had the higher quantitative yield and landraces of Tarom Mahali had the higher qualitative yield compared to other cultivars.