The effect of Different levels of Salinity Stress on germination and seedling growth of Sufflower Cultivars in Greenhouse condition
Subject Areas : New Finding in AgricultureEsmaiel gholinezhad 1 , Asieh Majlesi 2 , seyed javad Talebzadeh 3 , vahid Salmanpour 4 , Nour ali Sajedi 5
1 - استادیار گروه علمی علوم کشاورزی- دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران
2 - کارشناسی ارشد زراعت
3 - مربی علمی، گروه علمی علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران
4 - مربی علمی، گروه علمی علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران ، ایران
5 - استادیار دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی اراک
Keywords: salinity stress, seedling growth, genotype, Safflower,
Abstract :
In order to investigation of salinity stress effects on vegetative, and plantlet growth an experiment conducted by factorial based on randomized completely block designs with 4 replications in 2011 in department of agriculture of Urmia Payame Noor. The factors were 4 genotypes (Zarghan 279, Gholdasht, Faraman and Padideh) and 5 level of salinity (0-4-8-12-16) ds/m from Nacl. In these research traits of root, leaf, stem dry weight, seedling dry weight, stem length, root length and stress tolerance index were meausured. The results showed that different levels of salinity had siugnificantly affect on root, leaf, stem dry weight, seedling dry weight, stem length, root length and stress tolerance index. Comparison of mean showed that salinity stress of 16 ds/m traits root, leaf, stem dry weight, seedling dry weight, stem length and root length decreased about 60, 44, 68, 55, 76 and 58%, respectively. So the highest obtained from control treatment and the lowest obtained from salinity level of 16 ds/m. The genotypes respond differently to salinity levels. It seems genotypes of Faraman have more tolerance to salinity conditions. Genotypes of Zarghan 279, Gholdasht and Padideh were sensitive to salinity stress.
1- Anonymous. 2012. http://www.fao.org/corp/fortal/statistics/en/ (visited 07 February 2014).
2- Arab, F., Jafari, A.A., Assareh, M.H., Jafari, M. and Tavili, A. 2011. Salinity effects on seed germination and seedling growth in Agropyron deserterum and Agropyron elongatum. Iranian J. RangeDesert Res. 18(1), 17-31. [In Persian]
3- Behboodian, B., M. Lahouti, M. and Nezami, A. 2005. The effect of salinity on germination of Cicer arietinum cultivars. Iranian J. Agric. Sci. 28(2), 127-137. [in Persian].
4- Demir, M. and Ozturk, A. 2003. Effects of different soil salinity levels on germination and seedling growth of Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). Turk. J. 27, 224-227.
5- Dordas, C.A. and Sioulas, C. 2008. Safflower yield, chlorophyll content, photosynthesis, and water use efficiency response to nitrogen fertilization under rain conditions. Ind. Crops Prod. 27, 75-85.
6- Fajeria, N. K. 1999. Increase crop yield. PublicationsJihadMashhadUniversity. P.460.
7- Farasat, M., Sajedi, N.A. and Mirzakhani, M. 2008. Responses of four genotypes of Safflower in deficit water stress condition. Finding Science. 3(1), 67-81. [In Persian].
8- Forozan, K. 2000. Sufflower. Oilseeds Company Press. P.151.
9- Golbashy, M., Khavari Khorasani, S., Ebrahimi, M. and Choukan, R. 2010. Study of response of corn hybrids to limited Irrigation. 11th Iranian Crop Science Congress Tehran, 24-26 July 2010. University of Shahid Behesht. p. 218. [In Persian].
10- Hajghani, M., Safari, M. and Maghsoudi Mod, A.A. 2008. The effect of different levels of salinity on germination and plantlet growth of Safflower cultivars (Carthamus tinctorius L.). J. Sci. Tech. Agric. Natur. Sour. 45, 449-458. [In Persian]
11- Iqbal, S. and Aftab, N.K.M. 2001. Comprative Performance of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes under salinity stress. Ionic composition. Journal of Biological Science. 1(2), 43-45.
12- Jamil, M., Lee, D.B., Jung, K.Y., Ashraf, M., Lee, S.C. and Rha, E.S. 2006. Effect of salt (NaCI) stress on germination and early seedling growth of four vegetables species. J. Cent. Eur.Agrte. 7(2), 273-282.
13- Karimi, N., Soheilikhah, Z., Ghasempour, H. and Zebarjadi, A. 2011. Effect of salinity stress on germination and early seedling growth of different Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) genotypes. J. of Ecobiotechnology. 3(10), 07-13.
14- Kaya, M.D., Ipek, A. and Ozturk, A. 2003. Effects of different soil salinity levels on germination and seedling growth of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). Turk. J. Agric. 27, 221-227.
15- Kaya, M.D., Okcu, G., Atak, M., Cikili, Y. and Kolsarici, O. 2006. Seed Treatments to overcome salt and drought stress during germination in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Europ. J. Agron. 24, 291-295.
16- Lale, S., Jamialahmadi, M., Sharifi, Z. and Eslami, S.V. 2011. The effect of salinity stress with three ways of laboratory on germination and seedling growth of Safflower. Iranian J. Field Crops Res. 9(1), 19-27. [In Persian].
17- Mauromicale. G. and Licandro, P. 2002. Salinity and Temperature effects on germination, emergence and seedling growth of globe artichoke. Agron. J. 22, 443-450.
18- Mirmohammadi Maybodi, M. and Gharayazi, B. 2002. Physiological aspects and plant breeding of salinity stress on plants. TechnologyUniversity of Isfahan publication. 300p. [In Persian].
19- Mohammadi, R., Haghparast, R. and Aghaee, M. 2005. Evaluation of bread wheat genotypes for drought tolerance under rainfed conditions. Theme 10. Application of new technologies and technology transfer and crop improvement for dry areas. The 8th International Conference on Development of Drylands, Bejing, China. p.236.
20- Mostafavi, K. 2011. An evaluation of safflower genotypes [Carthamus tinctorius L.), seed germination and seedling characters in salt stress conditions. African J. of Agri. Res. 6 (7), 1667-1672.
21- Movahhedy-Dehnavy, M., Modares-Sanavy, S.A.M. and Mokhtassi Bidgoli, A.M. 2009. Foliar application of zinc and manganese improves seed yield and quality of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) grown under water deficit stress. Ind.Crops Prod. 30, 82- 92.
22- Niakan, M., Tajari, M. and Ghorbanli, M. 2008. The effect of salinity stress on allelopathic potential of canola by studying some growth factors, chlorophyll a, b amount, antioxidant enzyme and nitrate reductase activity of soybean seedlings in hydroponic culture. Iranian Journal of Biology. 21 (2), 315-325. [In Persian]
23- Okcu, G., Kaya, M.D. and Atak, M. 2005. Effects of salt and drought stresses on germination and seedling growth of pea (Pisum Sativum L.). Turk. J. Agric. For. 29, 237-242.
24- Omidi, A.H. and Javidfar, F. 2011. Safflower. Agricultural Education Publication. 120 p. [In Persian].
25- Roustaii, M., Zadhehassan, E. and Ketata, H. 2005. Adaptability and stability analysis of grain yeild in advanced bread wheat lines in cold and moderate dryland areas of Iran. The 8th International Conference on Development of Drylands, Bejing, China. pp.138- 139.
26- Shaydaei, S., Zahedi, M. and MirMohammadi Maybodi, S.A. 2010. The effect of salinity stress on accumulation dry matter and ion distribution pattern in five cultivars of Safflower. Iranian J. of Crop Sci. 41(4), 811-819. [In Persian]
27- Siddiqi, E., Ashraf, M. and Alsha Akram, N. 2007. Variation In. seed germination and seedling growth in some diverse line of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) under salt stress. Pak. J. Bot, 39(6), 1937-1944.
28- Soltani, A. 2006. Statistical methods in agricultural sciences and natural resources. Publication Iranian academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Mashhad, Iran. 74p.
29- Sopha, V.T., Savage, E., Anacle, A.O. and Beyl, C.A. 1991. Vertical differences of wheat and triticale to water stress. J. Agron. Crop Sci. 167, 23-28.
30- Veli, S., Kirtok, Y., Duzenil, S., Tukel, S. and kilinc, M. 1994. Evaluation of salinity stress on germination characteristics and seedling growth of three bread wheats (Triticum aestivum L.). Taria Bikileri Kong., Agronomi Bildirileri, Bornova- Izmir, Cilt. 1, 57-67.
31- Zadorian, G., Khodarahemi, M., Amini, O. and Mostavavi, KH. 2011. Effect of NaCl-Induced salinity on biomass of bread wheat cultivars in seedling stage. Iranian Journal of Agronomy and Plant Breeding. 7(1), 69-83. [In Persian].
