Effect of phosphate and sulfur solubilizating microorganisms and zinc foliar on yield and yield components of Soybean (Glycine max L.)

Subject Areas : New Finding in Agriculture

A. M. Alijani ¹ (M. Sc Student, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Boroujerd Branch, Iran)
Kh. Esteki Oregani ² (Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Boroujerd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Boroujerd, Iran)
M. Jafarzadeh kenarsari ³ (Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Boroujerd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Boroujerd, Iran)

Received: 2015-11-26 Accepted : 2015-11-26 Published : 2011-05-22

Keywords: Seed yield, Biofertilizer, Soybean (Glycine Max L.), foliar application zinc, yield components,

Abstract :

     In order to determine the effect of biofertilizer (Thiobacillus thiooxidanc and Pseudomonas putida)   and zinc foliar application (Zinc sulfate) on yield, yield components, oil and protein percentage of soybean cultivar (TMS) in summer cultivation in 2010 at Aleshtar, Lorestan, Iran. The experiment was carried out in farm condition, using completely randomized factorial design with 8 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments included Zinc sulfate at two rates, 0% (Zn0), 10% (Zn1), inoculation with Thiobacillus thiooxidanc (T1) and without inoculation(T0) and inoculation with Pseudomonas putida (P1) and without inoculation (P0).The results indicate that zinc foliar application significantly increased, plant height  number of pods per plant, 1000-seed weight, grain yield and percent of seed protein(p<0.05).  Biofertilizer Thiobacillus thiooxidanc significantly increased plant height and percent of seed protein. Maximum shoot percent of seed protein was achieved by treatment P1T1 (4109 kg/ha)  and maximum shoot percent of seed protein was achieved by treatment Zn1T1 by 31.67%. Positive and significant correlation between seed yield, with seed protein and number of pod per plant with  one thousand seed weight were observed.  

References:

1- امامی،ع. 1٣٧٥. روش های تجزیه گیاه. نشریه فنی شماره ١٨٢. چاپ اول. مؤسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب. تهران.

2- بصیری،ع. 1372. طرح‌های آماری در علوم کشاورزی. انتشارات دانشگاه شیراز. 595 صفحه.

3- خواجهپور، م. 1371. اصول و مبانی زراعت. انتشارات جهاد دانشگاهی دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان. 412 صفحه.

4- خواجه حسینی، م.1370.بررسی اثرات کشت مخلوط ارقام سویا در تراکم های مختلف بر کیفیت، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد زراعت.دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد.

5- ضیائیان،عوم. ج. ملکوتی. 1377. بررسی اثر کودهای محتوی عناصر ریزمغذی و زمان مصرف آن‌ها در افزایش تولید بذر، نشریه علمی پژوهشی مؤسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب. ویژه‌نامه مصرف بهینه کود. جلد 12. شماره1.

6- کریمیان،ن.١٣٧٣.اثر باقیماندة سولفات روی بر فرم های شیمیائی روی در خاک و رابطة بین این فرم ها با جذب روی توسط گیاه.گزارش طرح پژوهشی معاونت ثژوهشی دانشگاه شیراز. شمارة ٨١. شیراز.

7- کوچکی،ع. 1364. اصول زراعت در مناطق خشک (غلات، حبوبات، گیاهان صنعتی و گیاهان علوفه‌ای) انتشار جهاد دانشگاهی مشهد.

8- گزارشعلمیتحقیقاتدانه‌هایروغنی. 1351. مؤسسه اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر کرج. وزارت کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی.

9- ملکوتی،م. ج. 1378. کشاورزی پایدار و افزایش عملکرد با بهینه‌سازی مصرف کود در ایران. نشر آموزش کشاورزی. 279 صفحه.

10- هاشمیدزفولی،ا.، کوچکی،عوبنایاناول،م. 1374. افزایش عملکرد گیاهان زراعی. انتشارات جهاد دانشگاهی مشهد، 287 صفحه.

11- یزدی­صمدی، ب و عبدمیشانی، س.1370. اصلاح نباتات زراعی، انتشارات مرکزنشر دانشگاهی. چاپ اول.

12- Alloway, B. J. 2003. Zinc in soil and crop nutrition. International Zinc Assocation, 114p.

13- Anandham, R. and Sridar, R. 2004. Use of Sulfur Bacteria for Increased Yield and Oil Content of Groundnut. In: Biofertilizers Technology, Kannaiyan, S., K. Kumar and K. Govindarajan (Eds.). Jodhpour, Scientific Publishers, India, pp: 365-371.

14- Attia‚ M. 1999. The  efficiency  improvements  of  mineral  fertilizers  used  and maize  yield  by  arbuscular  mycorrhizal  fungh  and  plant-promoting rhizobacteria.  Anals  of  Agricultural  Science. Cairo ‚ 44:41-53.(m a t 6).

15- Attoe, O. J. and Olsen, R. A. 1966. Factors affecting the rate of oxidation of elemental sulfur and that added in rock phosphate sulfur fusion. Soil Sci. 101: 317-324.

16- Biswas. B. C. and Prasad, N. 1991. Importance of nutrient interactions in crop production. Fert. News 36 (7), 43-57.

17- Brown, P. H., Cakmak, I. and Zhang, Q. 1993. Form and function of zinc in plants, In: Robson, A.D. (ed.). Pp: 93-106.

18- Grishin, S. I., Skakun, T. O., Adamov, E. V., Polkin, S. I., Kovrov, B. G., Denisov, G.V. and Kovalenko, T. F. 1985. Intensification of bacterial oxidation of iron and sulfide minerals by a T. ferrooxiduns culture at a high cell concentration. p. 259-265In: G. I. Karavaiko and S. N. Groudev (ed.), Proc. Int. Sem.,modern aspects of microbiological hydrometallurgy. ProjectsGKNT, Moscow

19- Gamalero ‚ E., Trotta‚ A.‚ Massa‚ N.‚ Copetta‚ A. ‚Martiontti‚ M. G. and Berta‚ G. 2004. Impact  of  two  fluorescent  pseudomonades  and  an  arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus on tomato plant growth, root architecture and p acquisition.Mycorrhiza, 14:185-192.

20- Haq M. U. and Mallarino, A. P. 2005.Response of Soybean Grain Oil and ProteinConcentrations to Foliar and Soil Fertilization.Agron. J ; 97(3): 910 - 918.

21- Hernandez, A. N., Hernandez, A. and  Heydrich, M. 1995. Selection of rhizobacteria  for  use  in  maize cultivation. Cultivos  Tropicales, 6: 5-8.

22- Ilbas, A. I. and Sahin, S. 2005. Glomus fasciculatum inoculation improves soybean production.Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, 55: 4. 287-292.

23- Jones, J. B. and Case, V. W. 1990. Sampling, handling, and analyzing plant tissue samples. p. 389–428. In R.L. Westerman (ed.) Soil testing and plant analysis. 3rd ed. SSSA Book Ser. 3. SSSA, Madison, WI.

24- Karimian, N. 1995. Effect of nitrogen and phosphorus on zinc nutrition of corn in a calcareous Soil. J. of Plant Nutrition 18 (10): 2261-2271.

25- Krishma, S. 1995. Effect of sulphur and zinc application on yield, S and Zn uptake and protein content of mung. Legum Res. 18: 89-92.

26- Marschner, H. 1993. Zinc in soil and plant, Ed. A. D. Robson. Kluwer Academic publishers. Dordrcht the Netherlands, 55-77.

27- Marshner, H. 1995. Mineral nutrition of higher plants. Academic press. London. Pp. 889.

28- Mazhar, U., Haq, M. U. and Mallarino, A. P. 2005. Response of Soybean GrainOil and Protein Concentrations to Foliar and Soil Fertilization. Agron. J. 97: 910-918.

29- Omar, S. A. 1998. The role of rock-phosphate solubilizing fungi and vesicular-arbuscular-mycorrhiza (VAM) in growth of wheat plants fertilized with rock phosphate. World J. Microbiol. and Biotechnol.14:2.

30- Olivera, M., Iribarne, C. and Lluch, C. 2002. Effect of phosphorus on nodulation and N2 fixation by bean (Phaseolus vulgaris). Proceedings of the 15th International Meeting on Microbial Phosphate Solubilization. SalamancaUniversity, 16-19 July, Salamanca, Spain.

31- Rooge,  R. B. and  patil,  V. C. 1997. Effect of sources of phosphorus with microbial inoculants on soybean.Karanataka  Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 10:946-952.

32- Rosas, S., Rovera, M., Andres, J. and Correa, N. 2002. Effect of phosphorous solubilizing bacteria on the rhizobialegume symbiosis. Proceedings of the 15th International Meeting on Microbial phosphate Solubilization.SalamancaUniversity, 16-19 July, Salamanca, Spain.

33- Rose, L. A., Feltion, W. L. and Banks, L. W. 2002. Responses of four soybean variations to foliar zinc fertilizer. Australian Journal at Experimental Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, 21: 236-240.

34- Sharma, K. N. and Namdeo. 1999.Effect of biofertilizers and phosphorus on NPK  contents,uptake and grain quality of soybean (Glycin max(L.)Merril) and nutrient status of soil.Crop Research Hisar ,17:164-169.

35- Shinde, D. B., Kadam, R. M. and Jadhav, A. C. 2004. Effects of sulfur oxidizing micro-organisms on growth of soybean. J. Maharashtra Agric. Univ., 29: 305-307.

36- Sunarpi, J. and Anderson, W. 1996. Effect of sulfur nutrition on the redistribution of sulfur in vegetative soybean plants. Plant Physiol., 112: 623-631.

37- Wasule, D. L., Wadyalkar, S. R. and Buldo, A. N. 2002. Effect of phophate solubilizing bacteria on role of Rhizobium on nodulation by soybean. Proceedings of the 15th Meeting on Microbial Phosphate Solubilization. SalamancaUniversity, 16-19 July, Salamanca, Spain.

38- Yino, J., Mark, B. P. and Rerkasem, B. 1997. The effect of N fertilizer strategy on N2 fixation, growth and yield of vegetable soybean. Field Crop Rese, 51:221-229.