Comparative Effect of Simvastatin with Methanolic Extract and Hyoscyamoside Extracted from Hyoscyamus niger Plant on APO A Gene Expression in Wistar Atherosclerosis Male Rats

Subject Areas : Journal of Animal Biology

Ronak Abdolmohammadi ¹ , Maryam Bananej ² , Maryam Khosravi ³ , Hengameh Alibeik ⁴

1 - Department Biology, North-Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 - Department Biology, North-Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
3 - Department Biology, North-Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
4 - Department Biology, North-Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

Received: 2022-09-14 Accepted : 2023-01-08 Published : 2023-08-23

Keywords: Atherosclerosis, serum lipids, Apo A gene, Contractile tone, Simvastatin, Hyoscyamoside,

Abstract :

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the artery that is mainly known by arterial wall thickening. The use of medicine herbs with minimal side effects in hypercholesterolemia treatment and removal of atherosclerotic plaque is important. The aim of the present study was to investigate the comparative effect of simvastatin with methanolic extract and hyoscyamoside extracted from Hyoscyamus niger plant on APO A gene expression in Wistar atherosclerosis male rats.Forty Wistar male rats weighing approximately 180 gr (at the beginning of the experiment) were prepared and randomly divided into 5 groups including 8 (control, sham, experimental 1, 2 and 3). All groups (except control) received fatty foods (1% cholesterol) in addition to 2% cholesterol for 40 days (receiving saline water 1 mg/kg daily by control group during this period). Then, the three experimental groups were treated daily with 40 mg/kg of simvastatin, 25 mg/kg of hyoscyamoside and 25 mg/kg of methanolic extract of Hyoscyamus niger plant for 28 days, respectively. During the treatment, sham group received 1 mg/kg saline water daily. Finally, APO A gene expression was determined by blood sampling with real-time PCR tecnique in leukocytes. Also, serum lipid levels were measured by photometric method. Methanolic extract and Hyoscyamus niger plant extracted-hyoscyamoside and simvastatin were caused a significant increase in APO A gene expression in all three experimental groups compared to sham group. Also, methanolic extract was more effective than other products in increasing this gene expression. Methanolic extract of Hyoscyamus niger plant and extracted hyoscyamoside have an additive effect on APO A gene expression and increase serum HDL levels. 

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