The effect of diet supplemented with organic selenium (Selenomethionine) and synbiotic Dipro+ individually and combined on antioxidant capacity, liver metabolic enzymes and liver histology in Caspian Sea salmon (Salmo caspius)
Maziyar Akbarabadi
1
,
Hossein Khara
2
,
Habib Vahabzadeh
3
,
Mohadseh Ahmadnejad
4
,
Roghieh Safari
5
1 - PhD Candidate, Department of Fisheries, Lahijan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Lahijan, Iran
2 - Associate Professor, Department of Fisheries, Lahijan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Lahijan, Iran
3 - Assistant Professor, Department of Fisheries, Lahijan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Lahijan, Iran
4 - Assistant Professor, Aquaculture Research Institute of Inland Waters, Fisheries Science Research Organization of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education and Promotion Organization, Bandar-Anzali, Iran.
5 - Associate Professor, Department of Aquatic Reproduction and Breeding, Faculty of Fisheries and Environment, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
Keywords: Caspian Sea salmon, Dpro+ synbiotic, Organic selenium.,
Abstract :
The use of immune stimulants has become popular such as synbiotics and rare elements such as selenium in farmed fish to increase the activity of non-specific defense mechanisms and enhance the resistance against diseases. so; this research was conducted to determine the effect of diet supplemented with organic selenium (Selenomethionine) and synbiotic Dipro+ individually and combined on antioxidant capacity, liver metabolic enzymes and liver histology in Salmo caspius. 540 pieces of Caspian Sea salmon fry with an average weight of 66.34 ± 1.45 grams (reproduction of 2018) were prepared. After adapting to the experimental conditions, the fish was randomly distributed in 27 tanks. This experiment was conducted in the form of a completely randomized design under 8 experimental treatments and a control group (each with 3 repetitions) for 60 days. Experimental treatments include: 2 grams of synbiotics per kilogram of diet (treatment 1), 3 grams of synbiotics per kilogram of diet (treatment 2), 2 milligrams of organic selenium per kilogram of diet (treatment 3), 4 milligrams of synbiotics per kg of diet (treatment 4), 2 grams of synbiotic and 2 mg of organic selenium per kg of diet (treatment 5), 2 grams of synbiotic and 4 mg of organic selenium per kg of diet (treatment 6), 3 1 gram of synbiotic and 2 mg of organic selenium per kg of diet (treatment 7), 3 grams of synbiotic and 4 mg of organic selenium per kg of diet (treatment 8). At the end of the trial, in order to check the activity of liver enzymes (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase) and serum antioxidants (catalase, glutathione, total antioxidant capacity, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide desmutase, malondialdehyde) sampling was done from the artery or vein of the caudal region or by cutting the caudal stem. Also, in order to measure liver damage sampling was taken from liver. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the control group and the treatments fed with experimental diets in the amount of liver enzymes including: alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase (P < 0.05). So that the highest amount of these enzymes was observed in the control group. Based on the results, it was observed that the lowest amount of antioxidant enzymes including: superoxide dismutase, total antioxidant capacity, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione and catalase and the highest amount of malondialdehyde was significantly observed in the control group (P < 0.05). The histological study of the liver showed the organic selenium and synbiotic DPro+, separately or together, caused changes in the liver tissue, which in some cases caused damage. In general, the results showed that the combination of synbiotic Dpro+ and organic selenium could reduce liver damage and is recommended as a feed additive in the diet of Caspian salmon.
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