Photocatalytic removal of Rhodamine B dye by SnIn4S8: Optimization of process by response surface methodology
Subject Areas : Laboratory and field studies on remediation/reduction of environmental pollution through emerging techniques
Ali Mehrizad
1
(Department of Chemistry, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran)
Keywords: Stannum indium sulfide, Rhodamine B, Photocatalytic process, Response surface methodology, Kinetics,
Abstract :
In this study, the performance of stannum indium sulfide (SnIn4S8) was evaluated for photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B dye (RhB) as an environmental pollutant. Response surface methodology (RSM) was utilized to optimize the effective operating variables (initial RhB concentration, SnIn4S8 amount, solution pH, and irradiation time). Maximum removal efficiency of 81.15% was achieved under optimum conditions. This predicted result was confirmed experimentally (78.96%). The kinetics study of photocatalytic RhB removal by SnIn4S8 showed adherence to the pseudo-first-order kinetic model with a rate constant of 0.047 min-1. The outstanding performance of SnIn4S8 originated from its flowerlike hierarchical structure, which enhances light photon absorption, and increases pollutant adsorption.
[1] Sharma, V.K., Feng, M., 2019, Water depollution using metal-organic frameworks-catalyzed advanced oxidation processes: A review, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 372, 3.
[2] Aksu, Z., 2005, Application of biosorption for the removal of organic pollutants: A review, Process Biochemistry, 40, 997.
[3] Forgacs, E., Cserháti, T., Oros, G., 2004, Removal of synthetic dyes from wastewaters: A review, Environment International, 30, 953.
[4] Lim, L.B.L., Priyantha, N., Fang, X.Y., Zaidi, N.M., 2017, Artocarpusodoratissimus peel as a potential adsorbent in environmental remediation to remove toxic Rhodamine B dye, Journal of Materials and Environmental Science, 8, 494.
[5] Zheng, H., Chen, Y., Sun, X., Zheng, X., Zhang, X., Guan, X., 2024, Enhanced photocatalytic performance and mechanism of N-deficiently porous g-C3N4 in organic pollutant degradation, Materials Research Bulletin, 169, 112510.
[6] Adeyemo, A.A., Adeoye, I.O., Bello, O.S., 2017, Adsorption of dyes using different types of clay: A review. Applied Water Science, 7, 543.
[7] Kasperchik, V.P., Yaskevich, A.L., Bil’Dyukevich, A.V., 2012, Wastewater treatment for removal of dyes by coagulation and membrane processes, Petroleum Chemistry, 52, 545.
[8] Kumar, A.N., Reddy, C.N., Mohan, S.V., 2015, Biomineralization of azo dye bearing wastewater in periodic discontinuous batch reactor: Effect of microaerophilic conditions on treatment efficiency, Bioresource Technology, 188, 56.
[9] Khan, M.A., Ahmad, A., Umar, K., Nabi, S.A., 2015, Synthesis, characterization, and biological applications of nanocomposites for the removal of heavy metals and dyes, Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 54, 76.
[10] Zhang, G., Wu, H., Chen, D., Li, N., Xu, Q., Li, H., He, J., Lu, J., 2022, A mini-review on ZnIn2S4-based photocatalysts for energy and environmental application, Green Energy & Environment, 7, 176.
[11] Lei, Z., You, W., Liu, M., Zhou, G., Takata, T., Hara, M., Domen, K., Li, C., 2003, Photocatalytic water reduction under visible light on a novel ZnIn2S4 catalyst synthesized by hydrothermal method, Chemical Communications, 17, 2142.
[12] Xu, P., Huang, S., Lv, Y., Chen, Y., Liu, M., Fan, H., 2018, Surfactant-assisted hydrothermal synthesis of rGO/SnIn4S8 nanosheets and their application in complete removal of Cr (VI), RSC Advances, 8, 5749.
[13] Zhang, S., Zhang, B., Jiang, Y., Xiao, Y., Zhang, W., Xu, H., Yang, X., Liu, Z., Zhang, J., 2021, In-situ constructing of one-dimensional SnIn4S8-CdS core-shell heterostructure as a direct Z-scheme photocatalyst with enhanced photocatalytic oxidation and reduction capabilities, Applied Surface Science, 542, 148618.
[14] Asoubar, S., Mehrizad, A., Behnajady, M.A., Ramazani, M.E., Gharbani, P., 2023, Hexavalent chromium reduction and Rhodamine B degradation by visible-light-driven photocatalyst of stannum indium sulfide-samarium vanadate, npj Clean Water, 27.
[15] Rajabi, H.R., Khani, O., Shamsipur, M., Vatanpour, V., 2013, High-performance pure and Fe3+-ion doped ZnS quantum dots as green nanophotocatalysts for the removal of malachite green under UV-light irradiation, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 250, 370.
[16] Rajabi, H.R., Farsi, M., 2015, Effect of transition metal ion doping on the photocatalytic activity of ZnS quantum dots: Synthesis, characterization, and application for dye decolorization, Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical, 399, 53.
[17] Zhao, X., Su, S., Wu, G., Li, C., Qin, Z., Lou, X., Zhou, J., 2017, Facile synthesis of the flower-like ternary heterostructure of Ag/ZnO encapsulating carbon spheres with enhanced photocatalytic performance, Applied Surface Science, 406, 254.
[18] Allahveran, S., Mehrizad, A., 2017, Polyaniline/ZnS nanocomposite as a novel photocatalyst for removal of Rhodamine 6G from aqueous media: Optimization of influential parameters by response surface methodology and kinetic modeling, Journal of Molecular Liquids, 225, 339.
[19] Mehrizad, A., Gharbani, P., 2017, Novel ZnS/carbon nanofiber photocatalyst for degradation of Rhodamine 6G: Kinetics tracking of operational parameters and development of a kinetics model, Photochemistry and Photobiology, 93, 1178.
[20] Ran, R., Meng, X., Zhang, Z., 2016, Facile preparation of novel graphene oxide-modified Ag2O/Ag3VO4/AgVO3 composites with high photocatalytic activities under visible light irradiation, Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 196, 1.
