Landslide Susceptibility Zonation in a 1:100,000 Geological Map (Case Study: Kiasar, Mazandaran Province)

Subject Areas : hazards and Geography

Ruholah Taghavi ¹ (M.A., Environmental Geology, Faculty of Environment and Energy, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran.)
Dr. Alireza Jafarirad ² (Ph.D Geographical Information System, Faculty of Environment and Energy, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran.)
Mohammad Sadegh Zangeneh ³ (M.A., GIS, Agricultural Engineering System and Natural Resources Organization, Khuzestan Province)
Ahmad Khalili Avati ⁴ (M.A., Hydrology, Payam Noor University, Abhar, Iran.)
Saeb Taghavi ⁵ (B.A., Geology, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran)

Received: 2024-06-29 Accepted : 2024-09-18 Published : 2024-09-19

Keywords: Zonation, Landslide, Overlay, Kiasar, GIS, AHP,

Abstract :

Landslides represent a significant natural hazard, causing substantial damage and economic losses worldwide. Accurate landslide susceptibility assessment is crucial for mitigating these risks. This study employs a Geographic Information System (GIS) and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to investigate and map landslide susceptibility in the Kiasar 1:100,000 quadrangle, Iran. This study employed a comprehensive set of influencing factors to assess landslide susceptibility including geology, slope, aspect, precipitation, seismicity, faults and folds, distance to roads, distance to rivers, erosion, and land use. Among the selected criteria, precipitation and slope were assigned the highest weights of 0.27 and 0.22, respectively, reflecting their significant influence on landslide occurrence. Conversely, drainage and land use received the lowest weights of 0.034, indicating their relatively lesser impact. The study findings revealed that approximately 6% (151.68 square kilometers) of the total study area (2500 square kilometers) is classified as susceptible to landslides. This corresponds to 22% of the total area occupied by villages within the investigated region. Furthermore, field verifications confirmed that the main power transmission lines and primary oil pipelines are not exposed to landslide hazards. However, some mines within the study area were identified as being at risk. Within the study area, two industrial facilities – a bakery and a fruit preservation plant – were identified as being located within landslide-prone zones. The high correlation between historical landslide occurrences and the methodology employed in this research suggests that the adopted approach is well-suited for landslide susceptibility mapping in mountainous regions characterized by climatic and vegetation diversity.

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