Occurence and Distribution of Microplastics in the Hyporheic Zone in the Ziarat River
Nasim Shabani 1 , Mehdi Meftah Halaghi 2 , Amir Ahmad Dehghani 3 , حسن رضایی 4 , محمد عبداحسینی 5
1 - Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
2 - هیات علمی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان
3 - Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
4 - دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان
5 - استادیار گروه مهندسی آب دانشگاه گرگان
Keywords: Hyporheic Zone, Microplastic, Morphological Structures, Ziarat River,
Abstract :
The hyporheic zone (HZ) is an ecologically essential and sensitive compartment of fluvial ecosystems and is defined as the area below the streambed interface that is equally influenced by surface and groundwater flow dynamics. Microplastics (MPs) located in the HZ should face a much longer retention and thus exposure time to benthic organisms. this study investigated the distribution and characteristics of microplastic in the HZ sediment of the Ziarat River. According to the morphological characteristics, the microplastic shapes were divided into fiber, pellet, foam, and fragment. The color of microplastic particles was recorded according to the color of their surface. The size of the microparticles was measured on the longest dimension of the image, and divided into <0.5 mm, 0.5–1.0 mm, 1.0–3.0 mm, and 3.0–5.0 mm. Our analysis of MPs (500-5,000 µm) in three morphologic structures including step-pool, island and lag jams extracted for the Ziarat River showed that MPs were detectable down to a depth of 0.6 m below the streambed. Highest MP abundances were measured for pore scale particles (<1000 µm). The abundance of fiber and fragment microplastics in the three morphologic structures was the highest in most of the sediment layers, followed by line microplastics. The observed colors of microplastics in the sediment in this study mainly included black, brown, yellow, red, and orange. Among them, black color was the dominant color. These results provided insights into the understanding of the microplastic fates in a river HZ region.
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