The Structural Model of the Relationship Hexaco Personality Variables and Happiness: Moderating Role of Attribution Style

Subject Areas : Psychological Models and Methods

shahla Zamani Foroshani ¹ (دانشجوی دکتری روان شناسی عمومی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی شهرکرد)
sara Alighanavati ² (دانشجوی دکتری روان شناسی عمومی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی شهرکرد)
zahra Najaflooi Torkamani ³ (کارشناس ارشد روان شناسی صنعتی و سازمانی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز.)
taiebe Sharifi ⁴ (استادیار گروه روان شناسی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد شهرکرد)

Received: 2016-11-01 Accepted : 2016-11-01 Published : 2016-07-22

Keywords: Happiness, Hexaco Personality Variables, Attribution Style,

Abstract :

    The aim of this research was to design and test a model of the effect of  HEXACO Personality Variable on Happiness with mediating Attribution Style. In this research HEXACO Personality Variables was considered as predictor of Happiness. In addition Attribution Style was considered as mediator of relationship between predictor and dependent variable. The instruments which used in this study include HEXACO Personality Inventory, Oxford Happiness Questionnaire, and Attribution Style Questionnaire (ASQ). Data collected from 445 employees of an industrial Company. That selected via simple random sampling method. Structural equation modeling through AMOS 18 and SPSS 18 software package were used for data analysis. The indirect effects were tested by Bootstrap procedure. Results indicate that Exogenous Variables Honesty-Humility, Extraversion, Conscientiousness and Openness to Experience have a significant direct effect and Emotionality and Agreeableness have a not significant direct effect. Also indicate that Relation between predictor variable (Honesty-Humility, Extraversion, Conscientiousness, Openness to experience) whit Happiness through the Attribution style was mediator.

References:

- Aghababaei,N. (2012).The relationship between honesty and humility of character, religion and subjective well-being, Journal of Psychology and Religion,19,20-45.

- Ahangaran, Z. (2008).Study the relationship between stress and personality factors and hypochondriasis in Imam Khomeini International University, Master's thesis, Imam Khomeini International University. [Persian].

- Argyle, M.,Martin, M., & Crosslad, J. (1998). Happiness as a function of personality and social encounters. In J. P.Forgas & J. M. Innes (Eds), Recent advances in social psychology: an international perspective (pp. 189-203).

- Arian, Kh. (2011).The relationship between attribution styles and happiness in the Yazd city girls (aged 14-18 years), Master's thesis, Faculty of Education and psychology, Allameh Tabatabaei University.

- Ashton, M. C., & Lee, K. (2007). Empirical, HEXACO model of personality structure. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 11, 150-166.

- Ashton, M. C., & Lee, K. (2009). The HEXACO-60: A short measure of the major dimensions of personality. Journal of Personality Assessment, 91, 340-345.

- Ashton, M. C., Lee, K., & De Vries, R. E. (2014). The HEXACO HonestyHumility, Agreeableness, and Emotionality factors: A review of research and theory. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 18, 139-152.

- Atkinson, R, L., Atkinson., Richard C., Smith, Edvard, O., Daryl, C., & Hvksma, S. N. (2000). Hylgard psychology. Translated by Mohammad Naghi Baraheni, Birashk, Mehrdad Beik, Reza Zamani, Saeed Shamloo, M Shahraray, Yousef Karimi, Nissan Gahan, M. Mohiuddin and K Hashemian (2005) Tehran: Publications Roshd.

- Bandura, A, (1993). Perceived self- efficacy in cognitive development and functioning. Educational psychologist, 28,117-148.

- Baron, E., Byrne, D., & Brnskamp, N. (2010). Social psychology. Translation Yousef Karimi (2009), third edition, Tehran: Ravan Publisher. [Persian].

- Bridges, K. R. (2001) Using attributional style to predict academic performance: How does it compare to traditional methods? Presonality and individual differences, 31, 723- 773.

- Carver, Ch., & Scheier, M. F. (2007). Personality theory. Translated by Ahmad R. (2008), Mashhad: Astan Quds Razavi.

- Cheng, H. & Furnham, A. (2003). Personality, self-esteem, and demographic predictions of happiness and depression. Personality and Individual Differences. 34(6), 113-117.

- Claes L, Vertommen S, Smits D, & Bijttebier P. (2009).  Emotional reactivity and self-regulation in relation to personality disorders. Personality and Individual Differe;47(8): 48-53.

- Corr P.J., & Gray J.A. (1996). Structure and validity of the Attributional Style Questionnaire: A cross-sample comparison. J Psychol;130(6): 645-57.

- Corsini R.J. (2002). The dictionary of psychology: Psychology Press; 23(4):36-42

- Dehghan M. (2011). Capital development in Moral identity: role of mediation of Self-regulation. Tehran: Tehran University;. [Persian]

- Deneve, K. & Cooper, H. (1998). The Happy Personality: A Meta-Analysis of 137 Personality Traits and Subjective Well-Being. Psychological Bulletin. 124(2), 197-229.

- Franken, R. (1988).Motivation and excitement. Translated by Hassan Shams Esfandabad, Gholam Reza Mahmoudi, Susan Emamipoor (2005), Tehran. [Persian].

- Goudarzi, M., & Hemayattalab, R. (2007).Compare between athletes in individual and team factors related to happiness Tehran University. Research in Sport Sciences.15,57-66. [Persian].

- Gross, R. (2002). Psychology: The science of mind and Behavior. (4thed). London: Holder and Stoughton.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 31, 430-441.

- Hadinejad, H., & Zareei, F. (2009). Reliability, validity, and Normalization of the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire. Journal of psychological research.12,62-70. [Persian].

- Harvey, J.H., Smith, W.P.( 1977) Social psychology: An attributional approach: CV Mosby.

- Hayes, N. & Joseph, S. (2002). Big 5 correlates of 3 measures of subjective well-being. Journal of Personality and Individual Differences, 31(13), 25-42.

 

- Heidari, A., Kouroshnia, M., & Hoseini, M. (2015). The relationship between spiritual intelligence and happiness due to psychological well-being. Methods and psychological models journal.6,21.,73-86.

- Jokar, B., & Sepehri, S. (2006).The relationship between happiness and selective manner. Psychological studies. Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Al-Zahra.3.125-138. [Persian].

- Kardum, I., & Krapić, N. (2001). Personality traits, stressful life events, and coping styles in early adolescence. Pers Indiv Diff. ;30(3):503-15.

- Lawrence, A.P., & Oliver, J. (2000). Personality psychology theory and research. Translation: Javadi and Mohammad Parvin Kadivar (2002), Tehran: Publication Ayeesh.

- Lu, L & Shih, B. (1997). Personality and happiness: Is mental health a mediator  Personality and Individual Differences.Health Psychology, 22 (2), 249-256

- Mirshahjafari, E., Abedi, M.R., & Darikvandi, H. (2002).Happiness and its determinants. Journal of Cognitive Science.3,50-58. [Persian].

- Mirzae, F., & Hatami, H.R. (2010).The relationship between personality traits and happiness in students. Journal of Thought and Behavior.5,17.47-56. [Persian].

- Mitchell, J.V. (1998) Personality correlates of attributional style. J Psychol; 23(5): 47-63.

- Musgrave-Marquart, D., Bromley, S.P., & Dalley, M.B. (1997). Personality, academic attribution, and substance use as predictors of academic achievement in college students. J Soc Behav Pers, 32(8):118-130.

- Myers, D. G. (2000). The Friends and Faith of Happy people, American Psychologist, 55(1),56-57.

- Nouri, R. (1993).Evaluation cognitive vulnerability-stress model of depression. Master's thesis in clinical psychology, Tehran Psychiatric Institute. [Persian].

- Palahang, H., Neshatdoost, H.T., & Molavi, H. (2009). 6HEXACO-PI-R personality questionnaire Standardization factor in Iranian students. Psychology Journal of  Tabriz University,16,48-66. [Persian].

- Peterson, C., & Seligman, M.E. (1984). Causal explanations as a risk factor for depression: Theory and evidence. Psychol Rev, 91(3):347.

 

- Peterson, C., & Seligman, M. E. P. (1987). Explanatory style and illness. Personality and physical health. Journal ofJournal of Personality and Social Psychology, 64, 131–140.

- Poropat , A. (2002). The relationship between attributional style, gender and the Five-Factor Model of personality. Pers Indiv Diff. 33(7): 185-201.

- Rio, J. M. (1996). Motivation and excitement. Translation Yahya Syed Mohammad (2007), Tehran: Publication Nashr.

- Schultz, D. (1920). Personality theory. Translation Yousef Karimi, Tehran: Arasbaran

- Soleimaninejad, N. (2002).Relationship between attribution style and academic achievement in third year high school girls and boys. Master's thesis in General Psychology. Faculty of Education and psychology, Tehran University. [Persian].

- Taghilou, S., Salehi, M., Koushki, Sh., Mansobifar, M., & Sabet, M., (2010). Model of relationships between personality traits, problem solving, social and mental well-being. Proceedings of the Third Congress of the Nasi's psyche. 218.  [Persian].

- Terry, D. (1994). Determinants of coping the role of stable and situational factor. Journal of Personality and social Psychology:66,895-910.

- Veselka, L., Schermer, J. A., & Vernon, P. A. (2012). Beyond the big five: The dark triad and the supernumerary personality inventory. Twin Research and Human Genetics, 14(2), 158–168.

- Williams, D. G. (1993). Are personality effects upon average mood due to personality effects upon mood variation, Personality and Individual Differences, Journal of Personality and social Psychology, 14(1), 199-208.

- Yazdan Bakhsh, K. (2014). Review and Comparison Of Attributional Style Of Depressed, Anxious, And Normal. Tehran: Allameh Tabatabai University;18,47-55. [Persian].

- Zuckerman, M. (1994). Behavioral Expressions and Biosocial Bases ofSensation Seeking. New York: Cambridge University Press, 15(3),87-110.