The effect of Earnings-Announcement Narrative and Investor Judgment with emphasis on behavioral biases
Subject Areas : Financial Knowledge of Securities AnalysisHassan Chenari Bouket 1 , Bahman Banimahd 2 , Hamid Ahmadzadeh 3
1 - Ph.D Student, Department of Accounting, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
2 - Associate Professor, Department of Accounting, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
3 - Assistant Professor, Department of Accounting, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
Keywords: Behavioral Biases, Earnings-Announcement Narrative, Investor Judgment,
Abstract :
The purpose of this study is the effect of Earnings-Announcement Narrative and Investor Judgment with emphasis on behavioral biases. This study was performed on 245 investment experts and managers and ordinary investors who were randomly selected in 1399. To analyze the data and test the research hypotheses, the structural equation model was used with the help of Smart PLS software. Findings from the study indicate that the effect of the tone of the Earnings-Announcement on the investor's judgment is significant in cases of neutrality and all-roundness, but in the case of conflict has no significant effect. According to the calculated t-statistics on the effect of behavioral biases on investor judgment, it can be said that in all three cases of neutrality, alignment and conflict are not statistically significant and the second and third hypotheses of the study are not confirmed. According to the above result, it can be acknowledged that the effect of the profit announcement tone through behavioral biases on the investor's judgment is not statistically significant and the fourth and fifth hypotheses of the research are not accepted. Among the control variables, the effect of mathematical literacy on investor judgment is statistically significant. Findings from the test of research hypotheses in accordance with the theory of information duplication processing Epstein (1996) is based on an analytical system that is not affected by emotions and feelings in judgment and decision and logic and reasoning play a major role in judging and decision making.
بخشی، سعیداله؛ پیری، پرویز؛ حیدری، مهدی (1398). بررسی تأثیر ساختار مالکیت (دولتی و خصوصی) بر رابطه بین کیفیت افشا و هزینه سرمایه در شرکتهای پذیرفته شده در بورس اوراق بهادار تهران، مطالعات تجربی حسابداری مالی، شماره 62، صص: 43-21.
ثقفی، علی؛ ملکیان، اسفندیار (1377). جامعیت گزارشهای سالانه و ویژگیهای مالی شرکتهای پذیرفته شده در سازمان بورس و اوراق بهادار تهران، بررسیهای حسابداری و حسابرسی، سال ششم، شماره 22، صص: 34-7.
رهنمای رودپشتی، فریدون؛ نیکومرام، هاشم؛ نونهال نهر، علی اکبر (1391). ارزیابی تأثیر رویکردهای قضاوتی و شناختی زبان در گزارشهای توضیحی حسابداری، بررسیهای حسابداری و حسابرسی، دوره 19، شماره 2، صص: 72-47.
ستایش، محمدحسین؛ ابراهیمی، مهدی (1394). رابطه بین نوع مالکیت نهادی و کیفیت افشا در بورس اوراق بهادار تهران، مطالعات تجربی حسابداری مالی، شماره 48، صص: 75-53.
کاشانی پور، محمد؛ آقایی، محمدعلی؛ محسنی، داود (1398). لحن افشای اطلاعات و عملکرد آتی، بررسی های حسابداری و حسابرسی، دوره 26، شماره 4، صص: 594-570.
نظری، هنگامه؛ حصارزاده، رضا؛ عباس زاده، محمدرضا (1395). بررسی تأثیر ساخت زبان گزارشهای مالی بر میزان تمایل به سرمایهگذاری، پژوهشهای حسابداری مالی، دوره 8، شماره 4، صص: 76-55.
Ajinkya, B. B., & Gift, M. J. (1984). Corporate managers' earnings forecasts and symmetrical adjustments of market expectations. Journal of Accounting Research, 425-444.
Arslan-Ayaydin, Ö., Boudt, K., & Thewissen, J. (2016). Managers set the tone: Equity incentives and the tone of earnings press releases. Journal of Banking & Finance, 72, S132-S147.
Asay, H. S., Libby, R., & Rennekamp, K. (2018). Firm performance, reporting goals, and language choices in narrative disclosures. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 65(2-3), 380-398.
Asay, H. S., Libby, R., & Rennekamp, K. M. (2018). Do features that associate managers with a message magnify investors’ reactions to narrative disclosures?. Accounting, Organizations and Society, 68, 1-14.
Asay, H. S., Elliott, W. B., & Rennekamp, K. (2017). Disclosure readability and the sensitivity of investors' valuation judgments to outside information. The Accounting Review, 92(4), 1-25.
Bloomfield, R. J. (1997). Strategic dependence and the assessment of fraud risk: A laboratory study. Accounting Review, 517-538.
Bowlin, K. (2011). Risk-based auditing, strategic prompts, and auditor sensitivity to the strategic risk of fraud. The Accounting Review, 86(4), 1231-1253.
Bowlin, K. O., Hales, J., & Kachelmeier, S. J. (2009). Experimental evidence of how prior experience as an auditor influences managers’ strategic reporting decisions. Review of Accounting Studies, 14(1), 63-87.
Broihanne, M. H., Merli, M., & Roger, P. (2014). Overconfidence, risk perception and the risk-taking behavior of finance professionals. Finance Research Letters, 11(2), 64-73.
Davis, A. K., Piger, J. M., & Sedor, L. M. (2012). Beyond the numbers: Measuring the information content of earnings press release language. Contemporary Accounting Research, 29(3), 845-868.
Davis, A. K., Ge, W., Matsumoto, D., & Zhang, J. L. (2015). The effect of manager-specific optimism on the tone of earnings conference calls. Review of Accounting Studies, 20(2), 639-673.
DellaVigna, S., & Gentzkow, M. (2010). Persuasion: empirical evidence. Annual Review of Economics., 2(1), 643-669.
Demers, E. A., & Vega, C. (2014). Understanding the role of managerial optimism and uncertainty in the price formation process: evidence from the textual content of earnings announcements.
Dieckmann, N. F., Slovic, P., & Peters, E. M. (2009). The use of narrative evidence and explicit likelihood by decisionmakers varying in numeracy. Risk Analysis: An International Journal, 29(10), 1473-1488.
Duclos, R. (2015). The psychology of investment behavior:(De) biasing financial decision-making one graph at a time. Journal of Consumer psychology, 25(2), 317-325.
Elliott, W. B., Grant, S. M., & Rennekamp, K. M. (2017). How disclosure features of corporate social responsibility reports interact with investor numeracy to influence investor judgments. Contemporary Accounting Research, 34(3), 1596-1621.
Frederickson, J. R., & Miller, J. S. (2004). The effects of pro forma earnings disclosures on analysts' and nonprofessional investors' equity valuation judgments. The Accounting Review, 79(3), 667-686.
Gerrig, R. J., Zimbardo, P. G., Campbell, A. J., Cumming, S. R., & Wilkes, F. J. (2008). Psychology and life: Australian edition.
Gigerenzer, G. (2008). Gut feelings: Short cuts to better decision making. Penguin Uk.
Hales, J., Kuang, X. I., & Venkataraman, S. (2011). Who believes the hype? An experimental examination of how language affects investor judgments. Journal of Accounting Research, 49(1), 223-255.
Han, J., & Tan, H. T. (2010). Investors' reactions to management earnings guidance: The joint effect of investment position, news valence, and guidance form. Journal of Accounting Research, 48(1), 81-104.
Henry, E., & Peytcheva, M. (2018). Earnings-announcement narrative and investor judgment. Accounting Horizons, 32(3), 123-143.
Huang, X., Teoh, S. H., & Zhang, Y. (2014). Tone management. The Accounting Review, 89(3), 1083-1113.
Iatridis, G. E. (2016). Financial reporting language in financial statements: Does pessimism restrict the potential for managerial opportunism?. International Review of Financial Analysis, 45, 1-17.
Koonce, L., Leitter, Z., & White, B. J. (2018). The Effect of a Cautionary Notice on Investors' Reactions to More and Less Readable Disclosures. Available at SSRN 2711542.
Kotov, R. I., Bellman, S. B., & Watson, D. B. (2004). Multidimensional Iowa suggestibility scale (MISS).
Krische, S. D. (2015). The impact of individual investors' financial literacy on assessments of conflicts of interest. Working Paper. American University.
Lo, K., Ramos, F., & Rogo, R. (2017). Earnings management and annual report readability. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 63(1), 1-25.
McCray, G. E., Purvis, R. L., & McCray, C. G. (2002). Project management under uncertainty: The impact of heuristics and biases. Project Management Journal, 33(1), 49-57.
Peters, E., Västfjäll, D., Slovic, P., Mertz, C. K., Mazzocco, K., & Dickert, S. (2006). Numeracy and decision making. Psychological science, 17(5), 407-413.
Piattelli-Palmarini, M. (1994). Inevitable Illusions How Mistakes of Reason Rule Our Minds.
Pompian, M. M. (2011). Behavioral finance and wealth management: how to build investment strategies that account for investor biases (Vol. 667). John Wiley & Sons.
Rennekamp, K. (2012). Processing fluency and investors’ reactions to disclosure readability. Journal of Accounting Research, 50(5), 1319-1354.
Schwartz, L. M., Woloshin, S., Black, W. C., & Welch, H. G. (1997). The role of numeracy in understanding the benefit of screening mammography. Annals of internal medicine, 127(11), 966-972.
Tan, H. T., Wang, E. Y., & Zhou, B. (2015). How does readability influence investors' judgments? Consistency of benchmark performance matters. The Accounting Review, 90(1), 371-393.
Thomas, J. (1997). Discourse in the marketplace: The making of meaning in annual reports. The Journal of Business Communication (1973), 34(1), 47-66.
Yuthas, K., Rogers, R., & Dillard, J. F. (2002). Communicative action and corporate annual reports. Journal of Business Ethics, 41(1-2), 141-157.
_||_