Histopathological study of the effect of pentoxifylline on experimental chronic non-bacterial prostatitis induced by carrageenan in rat

Subject Areas : Journal of Comparative Pathobiology

Hajighorbani, M., Ahmadi-hamedani, M. *, Shahab, E., Hayati, F., Kafshdoozan, K., Ghafari Kalili, S., Jebelli Javan, A. . ¹ (.)

Received: 2018-04-13 Accepted : 2018-04-13 Published : 2018-03-21

Keywords: Chronic non-bacterial prostati, Histopathological criteria, Pentoxifylline, Rat,

Abstract :

Determination of histopathological criteria of chronic non-bacterial prostatitis (CNP), as the most common type of prostatitis syndrome, is highly effective to better understanding of pathophysiology and finding therapeutic strategies of this disease. Interest in pentoxifylline (PTX) has been renewed because of the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential of this drug. The aim of this study was to evaluate histopathological criteria of CNP in rat and to investigate the effectiveness of pentoxifylline on these criteria. Thirty male adult Wistar rats were divided into negative control, CNP control, standard and treatment groups. The negative control group received orally 1 ml saline normal for 21 consecutive days CNP was induced by single intraprostatic injection of 1% carrageenan (100 µl) in CNP control, standard and treatment groups. CNP control, standard and treatment groups received orally 1 ml saline normal, cernilton 100 mg/kg and PTX at 50 and 100 mg/kg 1 week after CNP induction for 21 consecutive days. Results showed that in the CNP control group, the PI was significantly increased as compared to negative control group (P<0.01). A significant reduction in the PI was observed in standard and treatment groups, especially PTX 50 mg/kg, in comparison with the CNP control group (P<0.05). Histopathological studies have shown a considerable improvement in the prostatic histoarchitecture in standard and treatment groups, especially PTX 50 mg/kg, in comparison with the CNP control group.

References:

1. Amirkabirian, N., Teimouri, F., Esmaily, H., Mohammadirad, A., Aliahmadi, A., Abdollahi, M. (2007): Protection by pentoxifylline of diazinon-induced toxic stress in rat liver and muscle. Toxicol. Mech. Methods. 17(4): 215-221.


2. Barua, C.C., Pal, S.K., Roy, J.D., Buragohain, B., Talukdar, A., Barua, A.G. (2011): Studies on the anti-inflammatory properties of Plantago erosa leaf extract in rodents. J. Ethnopharmacol. 134(1): 6-62.


3. Cross, A.R., Jones, O.T.G. (1991): Enzymic mechanisms of superoxide production. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1057(3): 281-298.


4. De Nunzio, C., Kramer, G., Marberger, M., Montironi, R., Nelson, W., Schröder, F., Sciarra, A., Tubaro, A. (2011): The controversial relationship between benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer: the role of inflammation. Eur. Urol. 60(1): 106-117.


5. Jena, A.K., Vasisht, K., Sharma, N., Kaur, R., Dhingra, M.S., Karan, M. (2016): Amelioration of testosterone induced benign prostatic hyperplasia by Prunus species. Ethnopharmacol.190: 33-45.


6. Hasani, P., Yasa, N., Vosough-Ghanbari, S., Mohammadirad, A., Dehghan, G., Abdollahi, M. (2007): In vivo antioxidant potential of Teucrium polium, as compared to α-tocopherol. Acta.Pharm. 57(1): 123-129.


7. Lu, B., Cai, H., Huang, W., Wu, X., Luo, Y., Liu, L., Zhang, Y. (2011): Protective effect of bamboo shoot oil on experimental nonbacterial prostatitis in rats. Food. Chem. 124(3): 1017-1023.


8. Moran, L.J., Misso, M.L., Wild, R.A., Norman, R.J. (2010): Impaired glucose tolerance, type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome in polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum. Reprod. Update. 16(4): 347-363.


9. Murri, M., Luque-Ramírez, M., Insenser, M., Ojeda-Ojeda, M., Escobar-Morreale, H.F. (2013): Circulating markers of oxidative stress and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum. Reprod Update. 19(3): 268-288.


10. Nadler, S.T., Stoehr, J.P., Schueler, K.L., Tanimoto, G., Yandell, B.S. and Attie, A.D. (2000): The expression of adipogenic genes is decreased in obesity and diabetes mellitus. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 97(21): 11371-11376.


11. Pasqualotto, F.F., Sharma, R.K., Potts, J.M., Nelson, D.R., Thomas, A.J., Agarwal, A. (2000): Seminal oxidative stress in patients with chronic prostatitis. Urol. 55(6): 881-885.


12. Paulis, G., Conti, E., Voliani, S., Bertozzi, M.A., Sarteschi, M.L., Menchini, F.F. (2003): Evaluation of the cytokines in genital secretions of patients with chronic prostatitis. Archivio italiano di urologia, andrologia: organo ufficiale [di] Societa italiana di ecografia urologica e nefrologica. 75(4): 179-186.


13. Ranjbar, A., Ghahremani, M.H., Sharifzadeh, M., Golestani, A., Ghazi-Khansari, M., Baeeri, M., Abdollahi, M. (2010): Protection by pentoxifylline of malathion-induced toxic stress and mitochondrial damage in rat brain. Hum. Exp. Toxicol. 29(10): 851-864.


14. Rezvanfar, M.A., Saadat, S., Saadi, H.A.S., Mansoori, P., Saeedi, S., Gooshe, M., Baeeri, M., Abdollahi, M. (2015): Cellular and molecular mechanisms of pentoxifylline's beneficial effects in experimental polycystic ovary. Theriogenol. 83(6): 968-977.


15. Ricciotti, E., FitzGerald, G.A. (2011): Prostaglandins and inflammation. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 31(5): 986-1000.


16. Wang, X., Zhong, S., Xu, T., Xia, L., Zhang, X., Zhu, Z., Zhang, M., Shen, Z. (2015): Histopathological classification criteria of rat model of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Int. Urol. Nephrol. 47(2): 307-316.


17. Wilson, M.J., Woodson, M., Wiehr, C., Reddy, A., Sinha, A.A. (2004): Matrix metalloproteinases in the pathogenesis of estradiol-induced nonbacterial prostatitis in the lateral prostate lobe of the Wistar rat. Exp. Mol. Pathol. 77(1): 7-17.


18. Yang, X., Yuan, L., Chen, J., Xiong, C., Ruan, J. (2014): Multitargeted protective effect of Abacopteris penangiana against carrageenan-induced chronic prostatitis in rats. Ethnopharmacol. 151(1): 343-351.


19. Zeng, F., Chen, H., Yang, J., Wang, L., Cui, Y., Guan, X., Wang, Z., Niu, J., Zu, X., Qi, L., Zhang, X. (2014):  Development and validation of an animal model of prostate inflammation-induced chronic pelvic pain: Evaluating from inflammation of the prostate to pain behavioral modifications. Plos One.9(5).  


20. Zhou, J.F., Xiao, W.Q., Zheng, Y.C., Dong, J., Zhang, S.M. )2006: (Increased oxidative stress and oxidative damage associated with chronic bacterial prostatitis. Asian.Androl.8(3): 317-323.