Electrochemical Determination of Bisphenol A at Adenine and Carbon Nanotubes Modified Carbon Paste Electrode
Subject Areas : Environmental ToxicologyHoda Ezoji 1 , Mostafa Rahimnejad 2 , Maryam Asghary 3 , Farid Talebnia 4
1 - M.Sc., Student, Biofuel & Renewable Energy Research Center, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran
2 - Associate Professor, Biofuel & Renewable Energy Research Center, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran
3 - Ph.D., Student, Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
4 - Assistant Professor, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran
Keywords: Bisphenol A, Adenine, Carbon nanotube, Electrochemical Sensor,
Abstract :
Background: Bisphenol A (BPA), as a major component of polycarbonate and epoxy resins is widely used in the plastic industry. This compound is a well-known endocrine disruptor that can interfere with the normal, hormonal function of human or animal, and thus, pose a potential threat to the environment and human health. The polycarbonate and epoxy resins containing BPA are commonly used to produce baby bottles, food packages, and beverage containers; thus bisphenol A may enter food and the environment. Therefore, developing a simple and highly sensitive analytical method for the determination of BPA is of great importance. Methods: In this study, an electrochemical sensor based on an adenine/carbon nanotube (Adenine/CNT) modified carbon paste electrode (CPE) was proposed for determination of BPA. Results: The obtained results demonstrate that the modified electrode used in this research had strong catalytic activity toward the oxidation of BPA. Also, applying adenine and carbon nano-tubes in carbon paste electrode resulted in reduction of the electron transfer resistance and significant increase of electron transfer rate. Discussion: According to the results, type of the employed modifier has a significant effect on sensitivity and selectivity of detection. Therefore, novel sensing materials with high stability, good catalytic activity and excellent conductivity can improve its measurement process.
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- Srinivas J, Mascarenhas RJ, D'Souza O, Satpati AK, Mekhalif Z. Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Bisphenol A at Oxidized Multi-walled Carbon Nanotube Modified Carbon Paste Electrode. Analytical Chemistry Letters. 2017;7(1):52-64.
- Ntsendwana B, Mamba B, Sampath S, Arotiba O. Electrochemical detection of bisphenol A using graphene-modified glassy carbon electrode. Int J Electrochem Sci. 2012;7(4):3501-12.
- Liu H-H, Lu J-L, Zhang M, Pang D-W, Abruña HD. Direct electrochemistry of cytochrome c surface-confined on DNA-modified gold electrodes. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry. 2003;544:93-100.
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- Pojana G, Gomiero A, Jonkers N, Marcomini A. Natural and synthetic endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) in water, sediment and biota of a coastal lagoon. Environment International. 2007;33(7):929-36.
- Safe SH. Endocrine disruptors and human health--is there a problem? An update. Environmental Health Perspectives. 2000;108(6):487.
- Steinmetz R, Mitchner NA, Grant A, Allen DL, Bigsby RM, Ben-Jonathan N. The xenoestrogen bisphenol A induces growth, differentiation, and c-fos gene expression in the female reproductive tract. Endocrinology. 1998;139(6):2741-7.
- Kim A, Li C-R, Jin C-F, Lee KW, Lee S-H, Shon K-J, et al. A sensitive and reliable quantification method for bisphenol A based on modified competitive ELISA method. Chemosphere. 2007;68(7):1204-9.
- Gómez M, Agüera A, Mezcua M, Hurtado J, Mocholí F, Fernández-Alba A. Simultaneous analysis of neutral and acidic pharmaceuticals as well as related compounds by gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry in wastewater. Talanta. 2007;73(2):314-20.
- Mazzotta E, Malitesta C, Margapoti E. Direct electrochemical detection of bisphenol A at PEDOT-modified glassy carbon electrodes. Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry. 2013;405(11):3587-92.
- Rezaee M, Yamini Y, Shariati S, Esrafili A, Shamsipur M. Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction combined with high-performance liquid chromatography-UV detection as a very simple, rapid and sensitive method for the determination of bisphenol A in water samples. Journal of Chromatography A. 2009;1216(9):1511-4.
- Inoue K, Kato K, Yoshimura Y, Makino T, Nakazawa H. Determination of bisphenol A in human serum by high-performance liquid chromatography with multi-electrode electrochemical detection. Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications. 2000;749(1):17-23.
- Ngundi MM, Sadik OA, Yamaguchi T, Suye S-i. First comparative reaction mechanisms of β-estradiol and selected environmental hormones in a redox environment. Electrochemistry communications. 2003;5(1):61-7.
- Wang J, Li M, Shi Z, Li N, Gu Z. Electrocatalytic oxidation of norepinephrine at a glassy carbon electrode modified with single wall carbon nanotubes. Electroanalysis. 2002;14(3):225-30.
- Jacoby M. Trading places with bisphenol A. Chemical and Engineering News, Dec. 2008;15:31.
- Wang J-Y, Zhangl J-W, Xu H-H, Lv W-X, Kong F-Y, Wang W. Facile and Sensitive Determination of bisphenol A Based on MWCNTs-TiN Nanocomposites Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode. Int J Electrochem Sci. 2016;11:10246-55.
- Srinivas J, Mascarenhas RJ, D'Souza O, Satpati AK, Mekhalif Z. Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Bisphenol A at Oxidized Multi-walled Carbon Nanotube Modified Carbon Paste Electrode. Analytical Chemistry Letters. 2017;7(1):52-64.
- Ntsendwana B, Mamba B, Sampath S, Arotiba O. Electrochemical detection of bisphenol A using graphene-modified glassy carbon electrode. Int J Electrochem Sci. 2012;7(4):3501-12.
- Liu H-H, Lu J-L, Zhang M, Pang D-W, Abruña HD. Direct electrochemistry of cytochrome c surface-confined on DNA-modified gold electrodes. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry. 2003;544:93-100.