Preservation Valuation in Khaeiz Protected Area Using Contingent Valuation Method

Subject Areas : Environmental Economics

saeed mohaghegh ¹ (Young Researchers Club, Hamedan branch, Islamic azad university, Hamedan, Iran *(Corresponding Author))
esfandiar jahantab ² (Department of Range and Watershed Management, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Fasa University, Fasa, Iran)
Hasan Yeganeh ³ (Assistant Professor, Faculty of Range and Watershed Management, Gorgan University, Gorgan, Iran)
ahmad bahrevar ⁴ (Young Researchers Club, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran.)
Hoda Khoshzaher ⁵ (Post Graduate Student of Environment)

Received: 2015-09-05 Accepted : 2016-10-02 Published : 2021-05-22

Keywords: Contingent Valuation, ecological, Khaeiz protected area,

Abstract :

Background and Objectives: The value of non-market for environmental goods such as habitat protection and perspectives are important. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective Khaeiz protected area is by use of contingent valuation method.Method: In this study the effect of different explanatory variables on respondents' willingness to pay for the Protection of logit regression model was used. The required data from 196 completed questionnaires were collected.  Findings: 71% of respondents expressed a willingness to contribute to the protection of the region. Results of logit model estimation showed that the index trend of environmental variables, accountability, financial, environmental and offered membership in the organization are significant. The results showed that the expected value of the willingness to pay was 23948/5 million Rials. The monthly value of protecting the region against 18861/28 million rials respectively. The protective value against was determined 287382/7million rials annually in the study area. Dividing this figure by the total area of ​​ecosystems studied, the average per hectare of ecosystem protection against 8888 thousand (according to the area of ​​32332 hectares’ area) is obtained. It is recommended at least annually, equivalent to 8888 million (annual preservation value per hectare) Rials for investment protection Khaeiz area. It represents the estimated total value of ecosystem protection in the region. In other words, the ecosystem of the region also has many other values ​​for example, biological control of pests, pollination, water and soil conservation, medicinal plants and byproducts, capture and storage of carbon dioxide and produce oxygen, biological diversity , prevent soil erosion, combat air pollution, noise reduction, mitigation and climate stylized, green spaces and landscape and natural scenery, temperature adjustment, increase groundwater resources and consequently the springs and rivers, others noted that their value should be estimated.  Discussion and Conclusion: In this study, the current situation is an important step to safeguard protected areas and natural resources and move towards sustainable development. Also for planners, managers and decision-makers provide justification to the quantity and quality of natural resources to support them.

References:

1. Howarth, B.R. and Farber, S. 2002. Accounting for the value of ecosystem Ecological Economics, 41: 421-429.


2. Torras, M. 2000. The total economic value of Amazonian deforestation, 1978-1993. Ecological Economics, 33: 283-297.


3. Guo, Z., X. Xiao, Y. Gan, and Y.Zheng. (2001). Ecosystem functions, services and their values a case study in Xingshan country of China. Ecological Economics. 38: 141-154.


4. Ashim, G.B. (2000). Green national accounting: Why and How? Environment and Development 5: 25-48.


5. Vaze, P. (1998). System of environment and economic accounting (SEEA).Chapter 13, London: ONS, K.


6. Hayati, B., Ehsani, B., Ghahremanzadeh, M., Raheli, H., Taghizadeh, M. Factors Affecting on Willingness to pay Visitors' Attention to Elli-Goli and Constitutionalist Parks in Tabriz: The Application of the Two-Step Hackman Method. Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development, 24(1): 91-98.  (In Persian)


7. Mitchell, R. C. and Carson, R. T. 1989. Using Surveys to Value Public Goods: The Contingent Valuation Method. Washington, DC: Resources for the Future. 488 pp.


8. S. N. 1994. Economic value of groundwater in the Assiniboine Delta Aquifer in Manitoba, Environment Canada, 70 pp.


9. Hadker, N. Sharma, S. David, A. and Muraleedharan, T. R. 1997. Willingness-to-Pay for Borivil National Park: Evidence from a Contingent Ecological Economics, 21: 105-122.


10. Fatahi, A. and Fathzadeh, A. 2011. Conservation valuation of the watersheds using the contingent valuation method (Case study: Gomishan wetland). Iran-Watershed Management Science & Engineering. 5(7):47-52. (In Persian)


11. Molaei, M., Kavousi, M. 2011. Estimation of the protective value of lily of the valley by using a contingent valuation method with a one-dimensional dual selection. Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development, 25 (3): 322-329. (In Persian)


12. Tabatabaee, F., 2001. Determination of preservation value with CVM in Mian-Kaleh wetland birds, M. Sc. Thesis, Tarbiat Modares University, Iran, 154 pp. (In Persian)


13. Amirnejad, H, Khalilian, S. & Assareh, M. H. (2006). Estimating the existence value of north forests of Iran by using a contingent valuation method. Ecological Economics. 58: 665-675.


14. Khanpour, F., Jafarinejad, M., Alinejad, m. 2010. Environmental valuation of environmental benefits of Gomishan wetland by conditional valuation method C.V.M. The second national conference of Iranian wetlands, Ahvaz, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz Branch. (In Persian)


15. Hasempour, H., Faezi, M., Sedigh, M. 2011. Determination of recreational value of Normandy forest park in Mazandaran, using conditional valuation method (CV), Journal of Environmental Studies, 37(57). (In Persian)


16. Amirnejad, H., Rafiee, H. 2012. Investigation and Determination of Recreational Value Function in Tourism Area of Solaman area, Sari, journal of Environmental Science & Technology, 14(1). (In Persian)


17. Jafarinejad, M., Farhangi, M., Khanpour, F. 2012. Economic valuation of environmental benefits of Gomishan wetland wetland for determining conservation applications. Journal of Conservation and Exploitation of Natural Resources, 1(1). (In Persian)


18. Abbaspour, M., Abedi, Z., Ahmadian, M., Zafari, F. 2012. Economic valuation of market functions of environmental resources of Arjan-Parishan Lake with emphasis on aquatic species. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 15(1). (In Persian)


19. Abbaspour, M., Abedi, Z., Ahmadian, M., Shariatmadari, A. 2012. Biodiversity economic valuation of National Park and Tandoorreh Protected Area by Conditional, First National Conference on Geography, Urban Development and Sustainable Development. (In Persian)


20. Rajani, M. 2012. Economic Values of Protected Areas. National Conference on Environmental Research, Hamedan, Shahid Mofattah University. (In Persian)


21. Department of Environmental Protection of Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad Province. (In Persian)


22. Lee, C., and Han, S. 2002. Estimating the use and preservation values of national parks tourism resources using a contingent valuation method. Tourism Management, 23: 531-540.


23. Mosavi, S. A., 2011. Apt management of lands by designing a planning support system based on economic values of ecosystem functions (Case study: Mid-Taleghan sub-basin). PhD thesis of Tehran University, 318p. (In Persian)


24. Bishop, R., C.,Heberlin. 1979. Measuring values of extra- market indirect measures biased, American journal of Agricultural Economics, NO: 61: PP 924-931.


25. Venkatachalam, L. 2003. The contingent valuation method: A review. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 24: 89-124


26. White P.C.L. and Lovett J.C. 1998. Revealed preference and willingness to pay for preservation of Northern Marirak park in Irland. Environmental Management‚ 55: 1-13.


27. Hanemann, W, Michael. "Valuing the Environment Through Contingent Valuation"., Journal Economic Perspect, No. 8, (1994).


28. Judge G., Hill C., Griffiths W., Lee T. and Luttkepol H. 1982. Introduction to the Theory and Practice of New York: Wiley.


29. http://www.amar.org.ir/Default.aspx?tabid=667&fid=10619. (In Persian)


30. Hensher, D., and L. Johnson. 1981. Applied Discrete-choice Modelling. New York: Halsted.


31. Whister, D. (1999). An Introductory Guide to www. Shazam. Econ. ubc.Ca. Logit Test for Heteroskedasticity


32. Khodaverdizadeh, M., M. Kavosi Kelashmi., H. Shabazi & A. Malekian, 2011. Estimation of ecotorism value using CVM, case study: Savalan cave of mahabad. Geography and Development Iranian Journal, 9 (23): 203-216. (In Persian)


33. Bateman, I.J., Lovett, A.A., Brainard, J.S., 2002. Applied environmental economics: a GIS approach to Cost-Benefit Analysis. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.


34. Amirnejad, H. 2007. Estimation of the Preservation Value of National Park of Golestan Using Paying Forms, Journal of Agricultural Economics, 1(3). (In Persian)


35. Daneshvar, Kakhaki, M., Hamraz, S., and Jalili, M., 2007. Estimating the Existential Value of Summer Resorts: A Case Study of Zoshk Region in North Eastern Iran, Journal of Village and Development, 10(3):135-154. (In Persian)


36. Nakhaee, n., Mortazavi, SA. A., Amirnejad, H., Navazi, d. AS., 2010. Valuation of consumer conservation forest park using contingent valuation method, Journal of Agricultural Economics, 4 (1): 171-189. (In Persian)


37. Loomis, J. B., A. Gonzalez-Caban and R. Gregory. 1996. "A Contingent Valuation Study of the Value of Reducing Fire Hazards to Old- Growth Forests in the Pacific Northwest." USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, Research PSW-RP-229.


38. Miller, J. D. and B. E. Lindsay. 1993. "Willingness to Pay for a State Gypsy Moth Control Program in New Hampshire: A Contingent Valuation Case Study." Journal of Economic Entomology 86: 828 - 837.


39. Reaves, Dixie R., Randall A. Kramer, and Thomas P. Holmes. 1999. “Does Question Format Matter? Valuing an Endangered Species,” Environmental and Resource Economics 14: 365-383.


40. Klocek, C.A. 2004. Estimation the Economic value of Canaan Valley National Wildlife Refuge: a Contingent Valution Approach, Dissertation, Davis College of Agricultural Forestry and Consumer Sciences, West Virginia University.


41. Kramer, Randall, and Evan Mercer. 1997. “Valuing a Global Environmental Good: U.S. Residents’ Willingness to Pay to Protect Tropical Rain ” Land Economics, 73: 196-210.


42. Hadker, N., S. Sharma, A. David and T.R. Muraleedharan (1997), “Willingness to Pay for Borivili National Park: Evidence from a Contingent Valuation”, Ecological Economics, vol. 21, pp. 105-122.


43. Forester, B. 1989. Valuing outdoor recreational activity: a methodological survey, journal of Leisure Research, NO: 21(2): PP 185-197


44. Kumar, M., P., Kumar. 2007. Valuation of the ecosystem services: A psycho-cultural perspective. Ecological Economics, doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2007.05.008