Evaluation of energy efficiency in production process of biodiesel to conventional, ultrasonic and microwave methods
Subject Areas :
Renewable Energy
golmohammad khoobbakht
1
(Department of Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering & Technology, Payame noor University, Tehran, Iran. *(Corresponding Author))
Mahmoud Karimi
2
(Department of Agricultural Machinery Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering & Technology, University of Arak, Arak, Iran.)
Received: 2023-06-27
Accepted : 2023-08-21
Published : 2023-09-23
Keywords:
Efficiency,
solar panels,
optimal angle,
architecture,
Building,
Abstract :
Background and Objective: Energy balance is a suitable tool for assessing the effects of production on environment with considering the amount of fossil fuels used and the amount of energy output. In the present study, input-output energy ratio and energy efficiency of biodiesel production from waste cooking oil in three ways: conventional, using ultrasound irradiation and using microwave was investigated.Material and Methodology: In this study the energy inputs such as waste cooking oil, methanol, catalyst, electricity and energy for biodiesel production and output of energy, including biodiesel, glycerin, excess alcohol, water, soap, monoglycerides and diglyceride to estimate energy efficiency were calculated.Findings: The consumed energy for the methods of conventional, using ultrasound irradiation and using microwave were found 33.73, 35.75 and 34.39 MJ/L, respectively. The energy efficiency of biodiesel production in conventional, using ultrasound irradiation and using microwave were calculated 0.87, 0.80 and 0.77 respectively. Discussion and Conclusion: Among the mentioned methods of biodiesel production in the present study, using ultrasound irradiation in the process of biodiesel production was found as the best method in terms of input-output energy ratio and energy efficiency. The using ultrasound irradiation with the renewability index of 75% was also found as the most renewable process among the studied methods.
References:
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Sancho Araujo, V.K.W., Hamacher, S., Scavarda, L.F., 2010. Economic assessment of biodiesel production from waste frying oils. Bioresource Technology 101, 4415–4422.
Dantas, M.B., Almeida, A.A.F., Conceic¸ ão, M.M., Fernandes Jr., V.J., Santos, I.M.G., Silva, F.C., Soledade, L.E.B., Souza, A.G. 2007. CHARACTERIZATION AND KINETIC COMPENSATION EFFECT OF CORN BIODIESEL. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 87, 847–851.
Tan, M.E., Van Gerpen, J.H. 1999. Kinematic viscosity of biodiesel and its blends with diesel fuel. Journal of the American Oil Chemists’ Society 76, 1511-1513.
Pinto, A.C., Guarieiro, L.L.N., Rezende, M.J.C., Ribeiro, N.M., Torres, E.A., Lopes, W.A., Pereira, P.A.P., de Andrade, J.B. 2005. Biodiesel: An Overview. Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society 16, 1313-1335.
Lima, J.R.O., da Silva, R.D., da Silva, C.C.M., dos Santos, L.S.S., dos Santos Jr., J.R., Moura, E.M., de Moura, C.V.R. 2007. Biodiesel from babassu (Orbignya sp.) synthesized via ethanolic route. Química Nova 30, 600-603.
Hanh, H.D., Dong, N.T., Starvarache, C., Okitsu, K., Maeda, Y., Nishimura, R. 2008. Methanolysis of triolein by lowfrequency ultrasonic irradiation. Energ. Convers.Manage 49, 276–280.
Bispo, M.S., da Boa Morte, E.S., Korn, M.G.A., Teixeira, L.S.G., Korn, M., Costa, A.C.S. 2005. Determination of Pb in river water samples by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry after ultrasound-assisted co-precipitation with manganese dioxide. Spectrochim. Acta Part B: Atom. Spectrosc 60, 653–658.
Mason, T.J. and Lorimer, J.P. 2002. Applied sonochemistry, Wiley Online Library.
Gui, M.M., Lee, K.T., Bhatia, S., 2008. Feasibility of edible oil vs. non-edible oil vs. waste edible oil as biodiesel feedstock. Energy 33, 1646–1653.
Kappe, C.O. and Stadler A. 2005. Microwave in Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Wiley-VCH.
Schubert, H. and Regier, M. 2005. The microwave processing of foods, Woodhead.
Singh, S., Mittal, J.P., Energy in production agriculture. New Delhi: Mittol Pub; 1992
Hou, H., Wang, M., Bloyd, C., Putsche, V., 2019. Life-cycle assessment of energy use and greenhouse gas emissions of soybean-derived biodiesel and renewable fuels. Environmental Science & Technology 43, 750–756.
Sheehan, J., Camobreco, V., Duffield, J., Graboski, M., 1998. Life Cycle entory of Biodiesel and Petroleum Diesel for Use in an Urban Bus. National Renewable Energy Laboratory, N.R.E.L.
Brian, J., Krohn, Matthias Fripp., 2012. A life cycle assessment of biodiesel derived from the “niche filling” energy crop camelina in the USA, Applied Energy 92, 92–98.
Anonymous. 2012a. Biodiesel experiment. Available at: http://www.esru.strath.ac.uk/EandE/Web_sites/ 06-07/Biodiesel/experiment.htm.
Anonymous. 2012b. Energy density. Available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_density.
Anonymous. 2012c. Molecular Weight Calculator. Available at: http://www.lenntech.com/calculators/ molecular/molecular-weight-calculator.htm.
Anonymous. 2012d. Standard Bond Energies. Available at: http://www.cem.msu.edu/~reusch/OrgPage/ bndenrgy.htm.
Mohammadshirazi, A., Akram, A., Rafiee, S., Mousavi Avval, S.H., Bagheri, E., 2012. An analysis of energy use and relation between energy inputs and yield in tangerine production. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 16, 4515–4521.
Bang, J.H., Suslick, K.S.2010. Applications of Ultrasound to the Synthesis of Nanostructured Materials. Adv. Mater. 22: 1039–1059.
Breccia, A., Esposito, B., Fratadocchi, G.B. and Fini, A. 1999. Reaction between methanol and commercial seed oils under microwave irradiation. Journal of microwave power and electromagnetic energy 34, 2-7.
