Analysis of Ecological Carbon Footprint Resulting from Gasoline and Diesel Consumption in the Transportation Sector of Bandar Abbas

Subject Areas : ارزیابی پی آمدهای محیط زیستی

masoomeh shahnoori ¹ (Ph.D. Candidate in Environmental management, Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran.)
Rokhshad Hejazi ² (Associate Professor Faculty Member, Islamic Azad university, North Tehran branch, Tehran, Iran. *(Corresponding Author))
Seyed Ali Jozi ³ (Professor, Department of Environment, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran.)
Seyed Mohammad Shobeiri ⁴ (Professor, Environmental Education department, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.)
Yousefali Ziari ⁵ (Associate Professor, Geography and Urban Planning, Azad university, Central Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran.)

Received: 2021-06-15 Accepted : 2021-08-09 Published : 2022-09-23

Keywords: Ecological footprint, diesel, Gasoline, Carbon dioxide, Bandar Abbas,

Abstract :

Background and Objective: There is a disproportionate increase in the use of non-renewable fuel sources such as fossil fuels. Under such circumstances, a large amount of these fuels are consumed undesirable and wasted. The aim of this study is to determine the carbon footprint of gasoline and diesel consumption during 2016 in transportation sector in Bandar Abbas. Material and Methodology: Initially, the per capita fuel consumption of gasoline and diesel in the transportation sector in Bandar Abbas was estimated for one year. Fuel consumption in all vehicles was obtained through the energy balance sheet for 2016. Gasoline and diesel consumption in the transportation sector was measured in hectares of land needed to compensate for the pollution caused by it. After obtaining the ecological footprint, the required amount of forest land was multiplied by the equilibrium coefficient (1.26). Findings: One-year consumption of gasoline was 448.36 million liters and diesel consumption was 351.8 million liters. Carbon released from gasoline consumption is 286,496 and Carbon released from diesel consumption is equal to 257,193 tons. One hectare of forest land is needed to absorb every 1.8 tons of carbon Ecological footprint of gasoline consumption is 200,549 and per capita is 0.295 global hectares and ecological footprint of diesel consumption of Bandar Abbas population at the rate of 180,035 and per capita 0.265 global hectares. Discussion and Conclusion: According to the population of the city and its size, 1.488 hectares of land is allocated to each resident of the city. Land consumption of Bandar Abbas residents is 0.2 times more than the area of the city.    

References:

1. Poorasghar Sangachin, F. Esmaeel Asadi, R., 2016, Sustainable Development Goal and Indicators, Deputy of program and budget coordination, planning affairs, land and Environment preparation. (In Persian)


2. Palmer, J, A. 1998, environmental education in 21 century, translate by Ali Mohammad Khorshiddoost, Organization of study and compilation of humanities textbooks, (SAMT)


3. Brandon, Peter S & Patrizia Lombardi, 2005, Evaluating Sustainable Development in the Built Environment, Blackwell, Oxford.


4. Teymoori, I. Salarvandian, F. Ziari, K. 2014, Ecological footprint of fossil fuels in Shiraz, journal of Geography Research, year 29, NO. 1, 193-204. (In Persian)


5. UNEP.org, 2016, sustainable development.un.org, sustainable knowledge platform, measuring changes in consumption and production patterns


6. Yakar, D. Kwee. G, T. 2020, Carbon footprint of the RSNA annual meeting, European journal of Radiology, 125 (2020) 108869


7. Andersson, D. 2020, A novel approach to calculate individuals carbon footprints using financial transaction data – app development and design, journal of cleaner production, 256 (2020) 120396.


8. Kakaee, J. 2016, Evaluation of ecological energy footprint in Iranian economic sectors, input data approach, thesis to obtain a master’s degree in energy economics, faculty of economies, Allameh Tabatabaee University. (In Persian)


9. Ghaemi Rad, T. Hatami Nejad, H. 2018, Evaluation of the ecological footprint of Lahijan City Transportation, journal of geography (Regional planning) year 8, No. 2, 69-80. (In Persian)


10. Wackernagel, M. Rees, W. 1996. Our Ecological Footprint: Reducing Human Impact on the Earth. New Society Publishers.


11. Habibi, K. Ghaderi, A. Jamshidi, A. Rahimi Kake Jub, A. 2018, assesse the sustainability level of informal neighborhoods using ecological footprint model, case study: Abbas Abad neighborhood of Sanandaj city, journal  of urban studies, NO. 26, 89


12. Hossein zadeh, K. Sasan pur, F. 2011, Ecological footprint in metropolises with an attitude toward Tehran metropolis, Geographical research quarterly, No. 82, 83-101. (In Persian)


13. Fu, Wei. Turner, Jonathan C. Zhao, Junquan. Du, Guozhe. 2015, Ecological footprint (EF): An expanded role in calculating resource productivity (RP) using China and the G20 member countries as examples, Ecological Indicators 48 (2015) 464–471.


14. Akhavan pishkhani, H. 2011, Assessment of physical sensivity of oil off shore west coasts of Hormozgan province based on NOAA codes, journal of Environmental science, No51. (In Persian)


15. Hormozgan university Vince chancellor research and technology, 2018, analysis of the characteristic of Environmental habitat and Environmental structure and natural resources of the province, part one: Analysis of situation and structure, chapter one: Analysis of the current situation in the province, Part one: Analysis of natural resource and the environment . 


16. Portal of Bandar Abbas, Municipality


17. chmb.mporg.ir


18. zaminvar.ir


19. Gharakhloo, M. Hatami Nejad, H. Baghvand, A. Yelveh, M. 2013, Evaluation of sustainability of Urban development by ecological footprint method, (Case stady: Kermanshah city), Human geography research, volume 45, No 2, 105-120. (In Persian)


20. Momeni, F. Kamal, E. Mohammad Khan Pur Ardebil, R. 2016, Survey of sustainable development status in Iran using carbon footprint indicators, journal of Environmental education and Natural resources, year first, No 1, 65- 93. (In Persian)


21. Habibi, K. Rahimi, Kake Jub, A. Abdi, M. H. 2012, Evaluation of the ecological footprint of urban transport vehicles, A new approach to Sustainable transportation planning, Case study: Urmia city, journal of geography space preparation – Golestan university journal, year second / edition fifth / fall 2012, 99-116. (In Persian)


22. Pezzetta E. , H., Drossman, 2005, the ecological footprint of the Colorado College: An examination of sustainability, http://www2.coloradocollege.edu/sustaiability /Ecofootprint


23. Hejazi, R. Haji Ghorbani, Z. Alikhani, S. 2016, Guide to Estimating ecological footprint , first edition, Iranian development publication. (In Persian)


24. Razi, D. 2015, Assessment and analysis of ecological footprints (case study of Mazandaran province), Urban planning studies quarterly, No. 10, summer 2015, 103-125. (In Persian)


25. Ebadi, A. 2015, Developing a conceptual model of footprint analysis for Tehran for sustainable urban development management – transport in Tehran,  Thesis for obtaining a doctorate degree, Department of Environmental Management, Islamic Azad university, science and Research branch. (In Persian)


26. Pezzetta E., H., Drossman, 2005, the ecological footprint of the Colorado College: An examination of sustainability, http://www2.coloradocollege.edu.sustaiability .Ecofootprint


27. Deputy Minister of Electricity and Energy affairs of the Ministry of Energy office of Planning and Macroeconomics, 2018, Energy balance sheet


28. National Iranian oil products distribution company, 2016, statistic , energy consumption of petroleum products. (In Persian)


29.  Hormozgan province department of natural resources and watershed management and planning organization, 2016, statistical yearbook of Hormozgan province, agriculture, forestry and fisheries. (In Persian)


30. Lee, Jemyang. Taherzade, Oliver. Kanemoto, 2021, The scale and drivers of carbon footprints in households, cities and regions across India, Global Environmental Change 66 (2021) 102205 .


31. Andersson, David. 2020, A novel approach to calculate individuals carbon footprints using financial transaction data – app development and design, journal of cleaner production, 256 (2020) 120396.


32. Malik, A. Lenzen, M. McAlister, S. McGain, F., 2018, The carbon footprint of Australian health care, lancet planet health 2018; 2:e27-35.


33. Yue, W. Cai, Y, Su, M. Tan, Q. Xu, M. 2017, carbon footprint of coping paper: considering temporary carbon storage based on life cycle analysis, Energy procedia 105 (2017) 3752 – 3757


34. Solis- Guzman, J. Martinez- Rocamora, A. Morrarro, M. 2014, Methodology for determining the Carbon footprint of the construction of residential buildings, edited by subramaniam senthilkannan, Vol. 1.


35. Ghaderi, F. Asadi, P. Tamadoni, A. Azizi, M, 2018, Investigation the sustainability of sustainable development in district 22 of Tehran by ecological footprint method, geography and development No. 50 pp. 231-245. (In Persian)


36. Sohrab ,T. Samadi, R. 2014, Application of the LCA4AFR model to determine the effect of energy efficiency on ecological footprint, Iranian energy efficiency organization environmental office, 10^th international energy conference. (In Persian)


37. Mohammadi, N. Shayesteh, K. Ildermi, A. Molla Hosseini Darani, K. 2016, Evaluation of board capacity and ecological safety in Sanandaj by ecological footprint, geography and environmental sustainability, No. 21, winter 2016 pp. 67-79. (In Persian)