Feasibility Study of Mushroom Plant Effluent Treatment Using Chemical and Electrical Coagulation Methods
Subject Areas :
Environment Pullotion (water and wastewater)
Abolfazl Ranai Lessan
1
(Department of Chemical, Materials and Polymer Engineering, Buein Zahra Technical University, Buein Zahra, Qazvin, Iran.)
Hossein Zare
2
(Assistant Professor, Department of Chemical, Materials and Polymer Engineering, Buein Zahra Technical University, Buein Zahra, Qazvin, Iran. *(Corresponding Author))
Received: 2021-09-26
Accepted : 2022-03-20
Published : 2022-11-22
Keywords:
Chemical Coagulation,
Treatment,
Mushroom,
effluent,
Electrocoagulation,
Abstract :
Background and Objective: Due to strict environmental laws and the problem of water shortage in recent years, industrial wastewater treatment is necessary for reuse. Mushroom industry effluents due to the use of fertilizers and pesticides, sanitizers and detergents contain various organic and inorganic pollutants, in which the pollution parameters such as detergent, turbidity, BOD and COD are higher than the standard limits. In this research, the effluent treatment of the mushroom factory has been investigated for reuse in for reuse in mushroom cultivation and composting.Material and Methodology: In this study, electrical and chemical coagulation methods were used to treat the wastewater and remove the parameters of BOD, COD, turbidity and detergent. The electrocoagulation method was performed at potential differences of 10, 20 and 30 volts and at times of 15, 30, 45, 60 and 75 minutes with iron and aluminum electrodes. In the chemical coagulation method, the effect of two coagulants, poly aluminum chloride and aluminum sulfate, in the presence of anionic polyelectrolyte coagulant on the effluent treatment was investigated.Finding: In the electrocoagulation method, at a potential difference of 30 volts for 60 minutes, the removal efficiencies of COD and BOD were 59.1% and 46%, respectively. In chemical coagulation method with coagulant dose of 75 mg/l at pH 6, the highest removal efficiencies for COD, BOD, turbidity and detergent were obtained 61.6, 47.6, 82.1 and 75.5%, respectively.Discussion & Conclusion: The results showed that the removal efficiency of BOD, COD, detergent and turbidity parameters by chemical coagulation is slightly higher than electrocoagulation method. Also, in the chemical coagulation method, poly aluminum chloride coagulant has better performance than both aluminum sulfate and the combination of two coagulants.
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Bijari, M., Alimohammadi, Z., Younesi, H., Bahramifar, N., 2021, Investigation on the efficiency of activated carbon produced from grapes wood for the removal of reactive blue 19 and reactive red 198 dyes from aqueous solution- equilibrium and kinetic studies. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 23(1), pp. 129-143. (In Persian)
Katal, R., Zare, H., Rastegar, S.O., Mavaddat, P., Darzi, G.N., 2014, Removal of dye and chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction from textile industrial wastewater using hybrid bioreactors. Environmental Engineering & Management Journal, 13(1), pp. 43-50.
Monazami Tehrani, G., Borgheipour, H., Nezampour, A., 2020, Reuse of varamin vegetable oils industry wastewater by using IFAS method. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 22(3), pp. 119-132. (In Persian)
Katal, R., Zare, H., Rahmati, H.T., Darzi, G.N., 2012, Biosorption of zinc from aqueous solutions using dried activated sludge. Environmental Engineering and Management Journal, 11(4), pp. 857-865.
Falkenmark, M., 2013, Growing water scarcity in agriculture: future challenge to global water security. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 371(2002), pp. 1917-1920.
Miles, P.G., Chang, S.-T., 2004, Mushrooms: cultivation, nutritional value, medicinal effect, and environmental impact. CRC press.
Atwater, J.W., Whalen, T., Dasika, R., 1998. Mushroom waste management project, liquid waste management. UBC Department of Civil Engineering.
Ghazouani, M., Akrout, H., Jellali, S., Bousselmi, L., 2019, Comparative study of electrochemical hybrid systems for the treatment of real wastewaters from agri-food activities. Science of the total environment, 647, pp. 1651-1664.
Teh, C.Y., Budiman, P.M., Shak, K.P.Y., Wu, T.Y., 2016, Recent advancement of coagulation–flocculation and its application in wastewater treatment. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 55(16), pp. 4363-4389.
Ziaefar, N., Khodaei, S., Talat-Mehrabad, J., Arjomandi Rad, F., 2020, Evaluation of optimization removal of methyl orange from aqueous solutions with Ag, Co/TiO2 nano-particles by experimental design. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 22(5), pp. 303-311. (In Persian)
Taheriyoun, M., Memaripour, A., 2019, Evaluation of coagulation and flocculation process in removal of heavy metals from chemical wastewater of Mobarakeh Steel. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 21(6), pp. 46-60. (persian)
Bahrodin, M.B., Zaidi, N.S., Hussein, N., Sillanpää, M., Prasetyo, D.D., Syafiuddin, A., 2021, Recent advances on coagulation-based treatment of wastewater: Transition from chemical to natural coagulant. Current Pollution Reports, pp. 1-13.
Zhao, C., Zhou, J., Yan, Y., Yang, L., Xing, G., Li, H., Wu, P., Wang, M., Zheng, H., 2020, Application of coagulation/flocculation in oily wastewater treatment: A review. Science of The Total Environment, pp. 142795.
Hosseini, H., Azemati, A.-A., Mousavinia, M.R., 2019, Treatement of the wastewater from E-PVC unit in a petrochemical company using electrocoagulation method. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 21(1), pp. 57-69. (persian)
Jiang, J.-Q., 2015, The role of coagulation in water treatment. Current Opinion in Chemical Engineering, 8, pp. 36-44.
Chezeau, B., Boudriche, L., Vial, C., Boudjemaa, A., 2020, Treatment of dairy wastewater by electrocoagulation process: Advantages of combined iron/aluminum electrodes. Separation Science and Technology, 55(14), pp. 2510-2527.
Martín-Domínguez, A., Rivera-Huerta, M.d.L., Pérez-Castrejón, S., Garrido-Hoyos, S.E., Villegas-Mendoza, I.E., Gelover-Santiago, S.L., Drogui, P., Buelna, G., 2018, Chromium removal from drinking water by redox-assisted coagulation: Chemical versus electrocoagulation. Separation and Purification Technology, 200, pp. 266-272.
Chao, H.J., Zhang, X., Wang, W., Li, D., Ren, Y., Kang, J., Liu, D., 2020, Evaluation of carboxymethylpullulan‐AlCl3 as a coagulant for water treatment: A case study with kaolin. Water Environment Research, 92(2), pp. 302-309.
Zhang, Y., Shen, Y., 2019, Wastewater irrigation: past, present, and future. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Water, 6(3), pp. 1-6.
Jaramillo, M.F., Restrepo, I., 2017, Wastewater reuse in agriculture: A review about its limitations and benefits. Sustainability, 9(10), pp. 1734.
Jiménez, B., 2006, Irrigation in developing countries using wastewater. International Review for Environmental Strategies, 6(2), pp. 229-250.
Kashani, S.A., Ali, I., Hasni, M.S., Asrar, M., Ahmad, J., Shahzad, M.Z., The price to pay for treated wastewater: an evaluation of water pricing scenarios in the Jordan Valley. Environmental Sciences and Ecology: Current Research, 2(1), pp. 1-4.
Lin, S., Chan, H., Leu, H., 2000, Treatment of wastewater effluent from an industrial park for agricultural irrigation. Desalination, 128(3), pp. 257-267.
Teh, C.Y., Wu, T.Y., Juan, J.C., 2014, Optimization of agro-industrial wastewater treatment using unmodified rice starch as a natural coagulant. Industrial Crops and Products, 56, pp. 17-26.
Mateus, A., Torres, J., Marimon-Bolivar, W., Pulgarin, L., 2021, Implementation of magnetic bentonite in food industry wastewater treatment for reuse in agricultural irrigation. Water Resources and Industry, pp. 100154.
Baird, R.B., Eaton, A.D., Rice, E.W., Bridgewater, L., 2017. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. 23rd ed. American Public Health Association Washington, DC.
Hashemzadeh, F., Borghei, S.M., 2021, Study on application of electrocoagulation process to remove heavy metals lead, cadmium and chromium from water. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 23(4), pp. 213-224. (In Persian)
Bolto, B., Gregory, J., 2007, Organic polyelectrolytes in water treatment. Water research, 41(11), pp. 2301-2324.
Chalkesh Amiri, M., 1397. Principle of Water Treatment. 2nd ed. Arkan Danesh. (In Persian)
Ritigala, T., Demissie, H., Chen, Y., Zheng, J., Zheng, L., Zhu, J., Fan, H., Li, J., Wang, D., Weragoda, S.K., 2021, Optimized pre-treatment of high strength food waste digestate by high content aluminum-nanocluster based magnetic coagulation. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 104, pp. 430-443.
Zareimahmoudabady, T., Talebi, P., Ehrampoush, M.H., Jalili, M., 2019, Optimization of coagulation and flocculation process in wastewater treatment of the food industry: A laboratory study. Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, 18(7), pp. 623-636. (In Persian)
