The effect of different energy levels of diet on blood parameters and testicular tissue in sheep
Subject Areas : zoologyMaryam Feli 1 , Saied Mohammadzadeh 2 , Mohsen Abasi 3
1 - Master of Physiology, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
2 - Associate Professor, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
3 - Associate Professor, Department of Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
Keywords: blood parameters, diet energy, Testicular tissue, Sheep, testicular parameters, Lori Bakhtiari male lamb,
Abstract :
Purpose: One of the most important costs of sheep breeding is feed and the concentrated part of the ration. This research was conducted in order to investigate the effect of different rates of concentrate and fodder in lambs. Materials and methods: 27 Lori Bakhtiari male lambs with an average age of 75 days and a weight of 26kg were selected and divided into three treatments and nine replications. Treatment one was 55:45 concentrate to fodder, second treatment was 70:30 and third treatment was 15:85 and feeding was done individually in morning and evening. After the end of the 100-day period, blood sampling was done and all the lambs were slaughtered. The testicles were removed from the scrotum and after measuring the morphometric parameters, the testicular tissue sample with dimensions of 1x1cm was prepared in 10% formalin solution and tissue sections were prepared. Findings: The results showed that the rate of concentrate and fodder made a significant difference in the macroscopic parameters of testicular tissue (P˂0.05). The weight of the testis in the treatment of three lambs decreased. In this treatment, the thickness of the coating of spermatogenic tubes, tube diameter, lumen diameter and tube area decreased. Also, the rate of hematocrit, red blood cells and hemoglobin of this treatment was significantly higher than other treatments (P˂0.05). Conclusion: increasing the percentage of concentrate more than 70% will have a negative effect.
Short RE & Adams DC. NUTRITIONAL AND HORMONAL INTERRELATIONSHIPS IN BEEF CATTLE REPRODUCTION. Canadian Journal of Animal Science. 1988; 68(1) 29-39.
Brown B. A review of nutritional influences on reproduction in boars, bulls and rams. Reproduction Nutrition Development. 1994; 34(2): 89-114.
Okolski A, Szuperski T & Bielanski W. Sexual behaviour and semen characteristics of rams during severe underfeeding. Acad Polon Sci Bull Ser Sci Biol, 1971.
Alejandro B & et al. Low maternal nutrition during pregnancy reduces the number of Sertoli cells in the newborn lamb. Reprod Fertil Dev. 2002; 14(5-6): 333-7.
Bielli A & et al. Influence of grazing management on the seasonal change in testicular morphology in Corriedale rams. Animal reproduction science. 1999; 56(2): 93-105.
Boukhliq R & Martin GB. Administration of fatty acids and gonadotrophin secretion in the mature ram. Animal Reproduction Science.1997; 49(2-3): 143-159.
Fernandez M & et al. Effect of undegradable protein supply on testicular size, spermiogram parameters and sexual behavior of mature Assaf rams. Theriogenology. 2004; 62(1-2): 299-310.
Akosman M, Lenger Ö & Demirel H. Morphological, Stereological and Histometrical Assessment of the Testicular Parameters between Holstein and Simmental Bulls. International Journal of Morphology. 2013; 31: 1076-1080.
Gouletsou PG, Galatos AD & Leontides LS. Comparison between ultrasonographic and caliper measurements of testicular volume in the dog. Animal reproduction science. 2008; 108(1-2): 1-12.
Oyeyemi MO & Okediran BS. Testicular parameters and sperm morphology of chinchilla rabbit fed with different planes of soymeal. International journal of morphology. 2007; 25(1): 139-144.
Hassan M & et al. Influence of age on the spermiogramic parameters of native sheep. Journal of the Bangladesh agricultural University. 2009; 7.
Franç L, Russell L. & Cummins J. Is human spermatogenesis uniquely poor? Annual Review of Biomedical Sciences. 2002; 4:19-40.
Hochereau-de Reviers M, Monet-Kuntz C. & Courot M. Spermatogenesis and Sertoli cell numbers and function in rams and bulls. J Reprod Fertil Suppl. 1987; 34(10):1-114.
Zhou G.-X & et al. Autophagy in Sertoli cell protects against environmental cadmium-induced germ cell apoptosis in mouse testes. Environmental Pollution. 2021; 270: 116241.
Sharpe R. Regulation of spermatogenesis. The physiology of reproduction. 1994; 1: 1363-1434.
Kazemi BM, Javanmard M & Eslamizad M. The optimum energy in diets for Lori-Bakhtiari lanbs during a fettening program. Iranian Journal of Applied Animal Science. 2015; 5(3): 595-599. (In Persian)
Fontoura A & et al. Associations between feed efficiency, sexual maturity and fertility-related measures in young beef bulls. Animal. 2016; 10(1): 96-105.
Tufani N, Makhdoomi D. & Hafiz A. Rumen acidosis in small ruminants and its therapeutic management. Iranian Journal of Applied Animal Science. 2013; 3(1): 19 -24. (In Persian)
Afzalzadeh A & et al. Utilization of different levels of whole cottonseed on performance and blood parameters of fattening Chall male lambs. Journal of Animal Science Research. 2013; 22(4): 93. (In Persian)
Pereira AL & et al. Physiological responses, water consumption, and feeding behaviour of lamb breeds fed diets containing different proportions of concentrate. Journal of Animal Behaviour and Biometeorology. 2021; 10(1): 1-9.
Rabee AE, Kewan KZ, Sabra EA, El Shaer HM & Lamara M. Rumen bacterial community profile and fermentation in Barki sheep fed olive cake and date palm byproducts. Peer Journal. 2021; 17(9): e12447.
Claffey NA, Fahey AG, Gkarane V, Moloney AP, Monahan FJ & Diskin MG. Effect of forage to concentrate ratio and duration of feeding on growth and feed conversion efficiency of male lambs. Translational Animal Science. 2018; 2(4): 419-27.
Sadeghi S, Rafat SA & Shodja J. Effect of diet composition and fattening start weight on body growth and carcass compositions of Moghani male lambs. Animal Production Research. 2013; 1(4): 35-43.
Du Preez AM, Webb EC & Van Niekerk WA. Effects of different feeding systems on growth, fat accumulation and semen quality of Merino-type sheep. South African Journal of Animal Science. 2021; 51(5): 566-77.
McCoski S, Bradbery A, Marques RD, Posbergh C & Sanford C. Maternal nutrition and developmental programming of male progeny. Animals. 2021; 11(8): 2216.
Herrera-Alarcón J, Villagómez-Amezcua E, González-Padilla E & Jiménez-Severiano H. Stereological study of postnatal testicular development in Blackbelly sheep. Theriogenology. 2007; 68(4): 582-91.
Suzuki K, Simpson KA, Minnion JS, Shillito JC & Bloom SR. The role of gut hormones and the hypothalamus in appetite regulation. Endocrine journal. 2010; 57(5): 359-72.
Comninos AN, Jayasena CN & Dhillo WS. The relationship between gut and adipose hormones, and reproduction. Human reproduction update. 2014; 20(2): 153-74.
Rato L, Alves MG, Cavaco JE & Oliveira PF. High‐energy diets: a threat for male fertility?. Obesity Reviews. 2014; 15(12): 996-1007.
Kerr JB. Stage-Dependent changes in spermatogenesis and sertoli cells in relation to the onset of spermatogenic failure following withdrawal of testosterone. The Anatomical Record. 1993; 235(4): 547-59.
Brown BW. A review of nutritional influences on reproduction in boars, bulls and rams. Reproduction Nutrition Development. 1994; 34(2): 89-114.
Ishikawa T, Fujioka H, Ishimura T, Takenaka A & Fujisawa M. Expression of leptin and lepti n receptor in the testis of fertile and infertile patients. Andrologia. 2007; 39(1): 22-7.
Isidori AM, Caprio M, Strollo F, Moretti C, Frajese G, Isidori A & Fabbri A. Leptin and androgens in male obesity: evidence for leptin contribution to reduced androgen levels. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 1999; 84(10): 3673-80.
Ngoula F, Tadondjou TC, Kana JR, Kouam M, Mube KH & Teguia A. Research Article Effect of Diet Energy Level on the Histological Characteristics of Testes of Indigenous Barred Cock in the Western Highlands of Cameroon. International Journal of Poultry Science. 2019; 18(7): 317-322.
Cao GR, English PB, Filippich LJ & Inglis S. Experimentally induced lactic acidosis in the goat. Australian Veterinary Journal. 1987; 64(12): 367-70.
Owens FN, Secrist DS, Hill WJ & Gill DR. Acidosis in cattle: a review. Journal of animal science. 1998; 76(1): 275-86.
_||_Short RE & Adams DC. NUTRITIONAL AND HORMONAL INTERRELATIONSHIPS IN BEEF CATTLE REPRODUCTION. Canadian Journal of Animal Science. 1988; 68(1) 29-39.
Brown B. A review of nutritional influences on reproduction in boars, bulls and rams. Reproduction Nutrition Development. 1994; 34(2): 89-114.
Okolski A, Szuperski T & Bielanski W. Sexual behaviour and semen characteristics of rams during severe underfeeding. Acad Polon Sci Bull Ser Sci Biol, 1971.
Alejandro B & et al. Low maternal nutrition during pregnancy reduces the number of Sertoli cells in the newborn lamb. Reprod Fertil Dev. 2002; 14(5-6): 333-7.
Bielli A & et al. Influence of grazing management on the seasonal change in testicular morphology in Corriedale rams. Animal reproduction science. 1999; 56(2): 93-105.
Boukhliq R & Martin GB. Administration of fatty acids and gonadotrophin secretion in the mature ram. Animal Reproduction Science.1997; 49(2-3): 143-159.
Fernandez M & et al. Effect of undegradable protein supply on testicular size, spermiogram parameters and sexual behavior of mature Assaf rams. Theriogenology. 2004; 62(1-2): 299-310.
Akosman M, Lenger Ö & Demirel H. Morphological, Stereological and Histometrical Assessment of the Testicular Parameters between Holstein and Simmental Bulls. International Journal of Morphology. 2013; 31: 1076-1080.
Gouletsou PG, Galatos AD & Leontides LS. Comparison between ultrasonographic and caliper measurements of testicular volume in the dog. Animal reproduction science. 2008; 108(1-2): 1-12.
Oyeyemi MO & Okediran BS. Testicular parameters and sperm morphology of chinchilla rabbit fed with different planes of soymeal. International journal of morphology. 2007; 25(1): 139-144.
Hassan M & et al. Influence of age on the spermiogramic parameters of native sheep. Journal of the Bangladesh agricultural University. 2009; 7.
Franç L, Russell L. & Cummins J. Is human spermatogenesis uniquely poor? Annual Review of Biomedical Sciences. 2002; 4:19-40.
Hochereau-de Reviers M, Monet-Kuntz C. & Courot M. Spermatogenesis and Sertoli cell numbers and function in rams and bulls. J Reprod Fertil Suppl. 1987; 34(10):1-114.
Zhou G.-X & et al. Autophagy in Sertoli cell protects against environmental cadmium-induced germ cell apoptosis in mouse testes. Environmental Pollution. 2021; 270: 116241.
Sharpe R. Regulation of spermatogenesis. The physiology of reproduction. 1994; 1: 1363-1434.
Kazemi BM, Javanmard M & Eslamizad M. The optimum energy in diets for Lori-Bakhtiari lanbs during a fettening program. Iranian Journal of Applied Animal Science. 2015; 5(3): 595-599. (In Persian)
Fontoura A & et al. Associations between feed efficiency, sexual maturity and fertility-related measures in young beef bulls. Animal. 2016; 10(1): 96-105.
Tufani N, Makhdoomi D. & Hafiz A. Rumen acidosis in small ruminants and its therapeutic management. Iranian Journal of Applied Animal Science. 2013; 3(1): 19 -24. (In Persian)
Afzalzadeh A & et al. Utilization of different levels of whole cottonseed on performance and blood parameters of fattening Chall male lambs. Journal of Animal Science Research. 2013; 22(4): 93. (In Persian)
Pereira AL & et al. Physiological responses, water consumption, and feeding behaviour of lamb breeds fed diets containing different proportions of concentrate. Journal of Animal Behaviour and Biometeorology. 2021; 10(1): 1-9.
Rabee AE, Kewan KZ, Sabra EA, El Shaer HM & Lamara M. Rumen bacterial community profile and fermentation in Barki sheep fed olive cake and date palm byproducts. Peer Journal. 2021; 17(9): e12447.
Claffey NA, Fahey AG, Gkarane V, Moloney AP, Monahan FJ & Diskin MG. Effect of forage to concentrate ratio and duration of feeding on growth and feed conversion efficiency of male lambs. Translational Animal Science. 2018; 2(4): 419-27.
Sadeghi S, Rafat SA & Shodja J. Effect of diet composition and fattening start weight on body growth and carcass compositions of Moghani male lambs. Animal Production Research. 2013; 1(4): 35-43.
Du Preez AM, Webb EC & Van Niekerk WA. Effects of different feeding systems on growth, fat accumulation and semen quality of Merino-type sheep. South African Journal of Animal Science. 2021; 51(5): 566-77.
McCoski S, Bradbery A, Marques RD, Posbergh C & Sanford C. Maternal nutrition and developmental programming of male progeny. Animals. 2021; 11(8): 2216.
Herrera-Alarcón J, Villagómez-Amezcua E, González-Padilla E & Jiménez-Severiano H. Stereological study of postnatal testicular development in Blackbelly sheep. Theriogenology. 2007; 68(4): 582-91.
Suzuki K, Simpson KA, Minnion JS, Shillito JC & Bloom SR. The role of gut hormones and the hypothalamus in appetite regulation. Endocrine journal. 2010; 57(5): 359-72.
Comninos AN, Jayasena CN & Dhillo WS. The relationship between gut and adipose hormones, and reproduction. Human reproduction update. 2014; 20(2): 153-74.
Rato L, Alves MG, Cavaco JE & Oliveira PF. High‐energy diets: a threat for male fertility?. Obesity Reviews. 2014; 15(12): 996-1007.
Kerr JB. Stage-Dependent changes in spermatogenesis and sertoli cells in relation to the onset of spermatogenic failure following withdrawal of testosterone. The Anatomical Record. 1993; 235(4): 547-59.
Brown BW. A review of nutritional influences on reproduction in boars, bulls and rams. Reproduction Nutrition Development. 1994; 34(2): 89-114.
Ishikawa T, Fujioka H, Ishimura T, Takenaka A & Fujisawa M. Expression of leptin and lepti n receptor in the testis of fertile and infertile patients. Andrologia. 2007; 39(1): 22-7.
Isidori AM, Caprio M, Strollo F, Moretti C, Frajese G, Isidori A & Fabbri A. Leptin and androgens in male obesity: evidence for leptin contribution to reduced androgen levels. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 1999; 84(10): 3673-80.
Ngoula F, Tadondjou TC, Kana JR, Kouam M, Mube KH & Teguia A. Research Article Effect of Diet Energy Level on the Histological Characteristics of Testes of Indigenous Barred Cock in the Western Highlands of Cameroon. International Journal of Poultry Science. 2019; 18(7): 317-322.
Cao GR, English PB, Filippich LJ & Inglis S. Experimentally induced lactic acidosis in the goat. Australian Veterinary Journal. 1987; 64(12): 367-70.
Owens FN, Secrist DS, Hill WJ & Gill DR. Acidosis in cattle: a review. Journal of animal science. 1998; 76(1): 275-86.
