The Role Positive and Negative Affect, Fear of failure and Goal achievement orientation in Predicting Academic Procrastination amongst Students
Subject Areas : EducationalSamira rahmani javanmard 1 , سمیه محمدی 2
1 - دانشجوی دکتری روانشناسی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران
2 - کارشناس ارشد روانشناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)، اصفهان، ایران
Keywords: Positive affect, Academic Procrastination, negative affect, fear of failure, goal achievement orientation, Students,
Abstract :
The procrastination discussions is an important issue in recent years for many researchers since it has been a bad habit and behavioral problem. The aim of this study was to examine the role of the positive and negative affect, fear of failure and goal achievement orientation in predicting procrastination among 120 male and female students at Payam Noor university of Delfan during The academic year 2013-2014. We selected this sample through randomized sampling method. The data were collected by questionnaires named Positive and Negative affect (Watson and et al, 1988), Goal achievement orientation (Elliot and McGregor, 2001), Fear of failure (Rajabi and Abbasi, 2011) and Academic procrastination. In addition positive affect (P<0.001, r= -0.302) and mastery goal achievement orientation (P<0.000, r= -0.360) was negatively and significantly related to academic procrastination. Finally, there was no meaningful relationship between performance goal achievement orientation and procrastination. Regression analysis showed that variables positive affect (P<0.002), mastery goal achievement orientation (P<0.004) and fear of failure (P<0.001) have involved in predicting factor of academic procrastination and fear of failure has the strongest value.
ابوالقاسمی، ف. (1382). هنجاریابی عاطفة مثبت و منفی و اعتباریابی همزمان آن با مقیاس سلامت ذهن و سرزندگی در دانشجویان دانشگاه اصفهان. پایاننامة کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکدة روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه اصفهان.
دلاور، ع. (1381). مبانی نظری و عملی پژوهش در علومانسانی و اجتماعی. تهران، نشر رشد.
رجبی، غ.ر.، و عباسی، ق. (1390). بررسی رابطة خودانتقادی، اضطراب اجتماعی و ترس از شکست با شرم درونی شده در دانشجویان. مجلة پژوهشهای روانشناسی بالینی و مشاوره، دورة 1، شمارة 2، 182-171.
سپهریان، ف. (1390). اهمالکاری تحصیلی و عوامل پیشبینی کنندة آن. مجلة مطالعات روانشناختی، دورة 7، شمارة 4، 26-9.
سواری، ک. (1390). ساخت و اعتباریابی آزمون اهمالکاری تحصیلی. مجلة فصلنامة اندازهگیری تربیتی، سال دوم، شمارة 5، 110-97.
شیخالاسلامی، ر.، نجاتی، ع.، و احمدی، س. (1390). پیشبینی مولفههای شادکامی زنان متأهل از طریق عزت نفس و روابط زناشویی. مجلة زن در فرهنگ و هنر، دروة 3، شمارة 1، 54-39.
گلپرور، م.، و کرمی، م. (1389). نقش تعدیلکنندة عاطفة مثبت و منفی در پیوند میان بیعدالتی سازمانی و رفتارهای مخرب کارکنان. مجلة فصلنامة روانشناسی کاربردی، دورة 4، شمارة 3 (15)، 23-7.
محمدی، ن. (1390). ساختار عاملی فرمهای رگه و حالت از مقیاسهای عاطفة مثبت و منفی. مجلة علوم رفتاری، دورة 5، شمارة 1، 26-21.
نیکدل، ف. (1387). اهمالکاری در انجام تکالیف. مجلة جوانه رشد، شمارة 49.
هاشمی، ل.، و لطیفیان، م. (1388). بررسی رابطة بین کمالگرایی و جهتگزینی هدف در میان دانشآموزان دانشگاهی دولتی (با گرایشهای علوم تجربی و ریاضی). مجلة مطالعات روانشناختی، دورة 5، شمارة 3، 26-9.
Alexander, E. S., & Onwuegbuzie, A. J. (2007). Academic procrastination and the role of hope as a coping strategy. Journal of Personality Individual Difference, 42 (7), 1301-1310.
Ames, C. (1992). Classroom goals, structural students motivation. Journal of Educational Psychology, 84, 3, 261-271.
Balkis, M. (2013). The relationship between academic procrastination and student burnout. Journal of Education, 28, 1, 68-78.
Bartels, J. M., & Magun-Jackson, S, (2009). Approach-avoidance motivation and metacognitive self-regulation: The role of need for achievement and fear of failure. Journal of Learning and Individual Differences, 19, 459-463.
2. Harrington |
1. Sagar, Lavallee, & Spray 3. Klassen, Krawchuk, & Rajani |
Brand, S., Reimer, T., & Opwis, K. (2007). How do we learn in a negative mood? Effects of a negative mood on learnings transfer. Journal of Learning and Instruction, 17 (1), 1- 16.
Bryan T., Mathur, S., & Sulliyan, K. (1996). The impact of positive mood on learning. Journal of Learning Disability Quarterly, 19 (3), 153-162.
Cecchini Estrada, J. A., González-Mesa, C., Méndez-Giménez, A., & Fernández-Río, J. (2011). Achievement goals, social goals, and motivational regulations in physical education settings. Journal of Psicothema, 23 (1), 51-57.
Conroy, D. E., & Elliot, A. J. (2004). Fear of failure and achievement goals in sport addressing the issue of the chicken and the age. Anxiety, Stress & Coping: An International Journal, 17, 271-286.
Conroy, D. E., Willow, J. P., & Metzler, J. N. (2002). Multidimensional measurement of fear of failure: The performance failure appraisal inventory. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 14, 76-90.
Elliot, A. J., & Murayama, K. (2008). On the measurement of achievement goals: Critique, illustration and application. Journal of Educational Psychology, 100, 613-628.
Elliot, A. J., McGregor, H., & Gable, S. (1999). Achievement goals, study strategies and exam performance: A meditational analysis. Journal of Educational Psychology, 91, 549-563.
Elliot, A.J., & Mcgreor, H. (2001). A 2×2 acheivement goal framework. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 80 (3), 501-519.
Ellis, A., & Knaus, W. J. (2000). Overcoming procrastination. New York: New American Library.
Burka, J. B., & Yuen, L. M. (1983). Procrastination: Why you do it, what to do about it. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
Klassen, R. M., Krawchuk, L. L., & Rajani, S. (2007). Academic procrastination of undergraduates: Low self-efficacy to self-regulate predicts higher levels of procrastination. Journal of Contemporary Educational Psychology,33, 915–931.
Haghbin, M., McCaffrey, A., & Pychyl, T. A. (2012). The complexity of the relation between fear of failure and procrastination. Journal of Rational-Emotive Cognitive-Behavior Therapy, 30, 249-263.
Harrington, N. (2005). It's too difficult, frustration intolerance belifes and procrastination. Journal of Personality individual difference, 39 (5), 873-883.
Howell, A. J., & Buro, K. (2009). Implicit belifes, achievement goals and procrastination: A meditational analysis. Journal of Learning and Individual Differences, 19, 151- 154.
Howell, A. J., & Watson, D. C. (2007). Procrastination: Association with achievement goal orientation and hearing strategies. Journal of Personality and Individual Differences, 43, 167-178.
Hulleman, C. S., Schrager, S. M., Bodmann, S. M., & Harackiewicz, J. M. (2010). A meta-analytic review of achievement goal measures: different labels for the same constructs or different constructs with similar labels? Journal of Psychological Bulletin, 136, 422-449.
Isen, A. M. (1987). The influence of positive and negative effect on cognitive organization.In N. L. Stein, E. Leventhal, & T. Trabasso (Eds.), Psychological and Biological Approaches to Emotion (pp. 75-94). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Jiao, Q. G., DaRos-Voseles, D. A., Collins, K. M. T., & Onwuegbuzie, A. N. (2011). Academic procrastination and the performance of graduate-level cooperation groups in research methods courses. Journal of the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning, 11(1), 119-138.
Lazarus, R.S. (1991). Emotion and adaptation. New York: Oxford University Press.
McGregor, H. A., & Elliot, A. J. (2005). The shame of failure: examining the link between fear of failure and shame. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 31, 218-231.
Magno, C. (2003). Modern trends in the psychology of learning and teaching. UPHL Institutional Journal, 1 (1), 12-31.
Martin, A. J. (2012). Fear of failure in learning. Journal of Encyclopedia of the Sciences of Learning, 1276-1278.
Michael, J. A.W., Timothy, A., Pychyl, S., & Bennett, H. (2010). I forgive myself, now h can study: How self-forgiveness for procrastination can redece future procrastination. Journal of Personality and Individual Differences, 48, 803-808.
Morford, Z. H. (2008). Procrastination and goal-setting behaviors in the college population: an exploratory study. Thesis in partial fulfillment of Requirements for the Degree Bachelor of Science in Psychology, Georgia Institute of Technology.
Onwuegbuzie, A. J. (2004). Academic procrastination and statistics anxiety. Journal Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 29 (1), 3- 19.
Pekrun, R., Elliot, A. J., & Maier, M. A. (2006). Achievement goals and discrete achievement emotions: A theoretical model and prospective test. Journal of Educational Psychology,98, 583–597.
Pintrich, P. R., & Schunk., D, H. (2002). Motivation in education: Theory, Research, & Applications. New Jersey: Johnston.
Poortvliet, P. M., & Giebels, E. (2012). Self-improvement and cooperation: How exchange relationships promote mastery-approach driven individuals job outcomes. European Journal of work and Organizational Psychology, 21, 392-425.
Radosevich, D. J., Vaidyanathan, V. T., Yeo, S., & Radosevich, D. M. (2004). Relating goal orientation to self-regulation processes; a longitudinal field test. Journal of Contemporary Educational Psychology, 29, 207-229.
Rahmani, P. (2011). The relationship between self-esteem, achievement goals and academic achievement among the primary school students. Journal of Procedia- Social Behavioral Sciences, 29, 803-808.
Sagar, S. S., Lavallee, D., & Spray, C. M. (2007). Why young elite athletes fear failure: Consequences of failure. Journal of Sports Sciences, 25, 1171-1184.
Sagar, S. S., Lavallee, D., & Spray, C. M. (2009). Coping with the effects fear of failure: A preliminary investigation of young athletes. Journal of clinical Sport of Psychology, 3, 73-98.
Sagar, S., & Lavallee, D. (2010). The developmental origins of fear of failure in adolescent athletes: Examining parental practices. Journal of Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 11, 177-187.
Schimmack, U., Diener, E., & Oishi, S. (2002). Life satisfaction is a momentary judgment and a stable personality characteristic: The use of chronically accessible and stable sources. Journal of Personality, 70, 345-385.
Schlaucg, R. C., Gwynn-Shapiro, D., Stasiewicz, P. R., Molnar, A. R., & Lang. (2013). Affect and craving: Positive and negative affect are differentially associated with approach and avoidance inclinations. Journal of Addictive Behaviors, 38(4), 1970–1979.
Sideridis, G. D. (2005). Goal orientation, academic achievement, and depression: Evidence in favor of a revised goal theory framework. Journal of Educational Psychology, 97, 366-375.
Sirois, F. M., Melia-Gordon, M. L., & Pychyl, T. A. (2003). I look after my health, later, an investigation of procrastination and health. Journal of Personality individual difference, 35 (5), 1167-1184.
Steptoe, A., O’Donnell, K., Marmot, M., & Wardle, J. (2008). Positive affect and psychosocial processes related to health. British Journal of Psychology, 99, 211–227.
Stead, R., Shanahan, M. J., & Neufeld, R.W.J. (2010). I’ll go to therapy, eventually: procrastination, stress and mental health. Journal of Personality and Individual Differences, 49, 175-180.
Steel, P., Brothen, T., & Wamback, C. (2001). Procrastination and personality, performance and mood. Journal of Personality individual difference, 30, 95-106.
Tuominen-Soini, H., Salmela-Aro, K., & Niemivirta, M. (2008). Achievement goal orientations and subjective well-being: A person-centered analysis. Journal of Learning and Instruction, 18, 251–266.
Van Yperen, N. W. (2006). A novel approach to assessing achievement goals in the context of 2×2 the framework: Identifying distinct profiles of individuals with different dominant achievement goals. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 32 (11), 1432–1445.
Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Carey, G. (1988). Positive and negative affectivity and their relation to anxiety and depressive disorders. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 97, 346–353.
Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of a brief measure of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54 (6), 1063-1070.
Wolters, C.A. (2004). Advancing achievement goals theory: Using goal structures and goal orientation to predict students motivation cognition and achievement. Journal of Educational Psychology, 96, 236-250.
Watson, D., & Tellegen, A. (1985). Toward a consensual structure of mood. Journal of Psychological Bullentin, 98 (2), 219-235.
Wright, A. G., Pincus, A. L., Conroy, D.E., & Elliot, A.J. (2009). The pathoplastic relationship between interpersonal problems and fear of failure. Journal of Personality, 77, 998-1024.
Yilmaz, H., & Arslan, C. (2013). Subjective well-being, positive and negative affect in Turkish university students. The online Journal of Counseling and Education, 2 (2), 1-8.
_||_