The relationship between implicit beliefs of intelligence, achievement goal orientation with academic procrastination in Tabriz University students
Subject Areas : Research in Curriculum Planningskandar Fathi azar 1 , rahim badri gargari 2 , manizheh khani 3
1 - Professor, Department of Educational Sciences, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran
2 - Professor, Department of Educational Sciences, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran
3 - M.A in Psychology, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran
Keywords: Implicit beliefs of intelligence, Achievement goal orientation and Academic procrastination,
Abstract :
This study determined the relationship between implicit beliefs of intelligence and achievement goal orientation with academic procrastination. For this purpose, using a stratified random method, 384 students were selected from all of the undergraduate students of Tabriz University (11200 students). Data were gathered by these questionnaires academic procrastination assessment scale, implicit beliefs of intelligence, and achievement goal orientation. Data obtained using Pearson's correlation test, and t test for independent groups were analyzed in SPSS software. The results showed that there was there is a significant relationship between implicit beliefs of intelligence (inherent and additive), goal orientations (mastery- approach, performance- avoidance, mastery- avoidance) and except the performance- approach, with academic procrastination. Finally, the results showed there was not any significant difference between males and females in academic procrastination. Also the 41 percent of the students have high and very high procrastination.
Abd-El-Fattah, S, M. & Yates, Greg. (2010). Implicit Theory Of Intelligence Scale: Testing For Factorial Invariance And Mean Structure. ABD06289.
Agha Tehrani, M. (2007). Procrastination, causes and solutions. Journal of Knowledge, 64, 53-38. (Persian).
Ajayi, A. I. & Osiki, P.M. (2008). Procrastination Among Undergraduates In A Nigerian University Implications For Time Management. International Business Management, 2(4): 126-131.
Alexander, S. E., & Onwuegbuzie, J. A. (2007). Academic procrastination and the role of hope as a coping strategy. journal of Personality and Individual Differences,42, 1301- 1310.
Ames, C. (1992). Classrooms: Goals, Structure And Students’ Motivation, Journal Of Educational Psychology,84, 3, 261-271.
Anderson, S.V. (2009). Shaping Implicit Theories Of Intelligence Via Metaphor. Dissertation. The University Of Texas At Austin.
Archer, J. (1994). Achievement Goals As A Measure Of Motivation In University Students. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 19, 430-446.
Binder, K. (2000). The Effects of an Academic Procrastination Treatment on Student Procrastination and Subjective Well-Being. Dissertation M.A. Carleton University.
Burka, J. B., Yuen, L. M. (2008). Procrastination why you do it, what to do about it now. Published By Da Capo Press.
Cury, F. Fonseca, D. Zahn, I. Elliot, A. (2008). Implicit Theories And IQ Test Performance: A Sequential Meditational Analysis. Journal Of Experimental Social Psychology, 44, 783–791.
Davis, S.L. (2005). Goal Orientation Across The College Career: A Longitudinal Investigation. Poster Presented At The Annual Meeting Of The American Educational Research Association, Montreal.
Dewitte, S., Schouwenburg, H. C. (2002). Procrastination, temptations, and incentives: the struggle between the present and the future in procrastinators and the punctual. Journal Of Personality Eur, 16, 469-489.
Dweck, C. S., Chiu, C. Y., & Hong, Y. Y. (1995). Implicit theories and their role in judgments and reactions: A world from two perspectives. Psychological Inquiry, 6, 267–285.
Eggens, L., Hendriks, A.A.J., Bosker, R.J., & Vander Werf, M.P.C. (2010). Personality, procrastination and achievement motivation. Manuscript submitted to Journal of Research in Personality, 84-108.
Elliot, A. J & Moller, A. C. (2003). Performance-Approach Goals: Good Or Bad Forms Of Regulation?, International Journal Of Educational Research, 39, 339–356.
Elliot, A. J., & Mcgregor, H. A. (2001). A 2×2 Achievement Goal Framework. Journal Of Personality And Social Psychology, 80, 501−519.
Ellis, A, Nas, J, William. (2008). Psychology of procrastination overcome procrastination hastiness. Translator: Farjad, M.A. Tehran: growth. (Persian).
Eren, a. (2009). Exploring the relationships among mirror neurons, theory of mind, and achievement goals: Towards a model of achievement goal contagion in educational settings. Educational Research Review, 4, 233–247.
Ferrari, J. R., Johnson, J. L., & McCown, W. G. (1995). Procrastination and task avoidance: theory, research, and treatment. New York: Plenum Press.
Greene, J.A. Costa, L. Robertson, J. Pan, Y. Deekens, V.M. (2010). Exploring Relations Among College Students’ Prior Knowledge, Implicit Theories Of Intelligence, And Self-Regulated Learning In A Hypermedia Environment. Computers & Education, 55(3), 1027–1043.
Hashemi, L. Latifian, M. (2009). The relationship between perfectionism and Goal Orientation among Governmental Pre-university students (with trends in science and math). Psychological Studies, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Al-Zahra, 5(3): 9-26. (Persian).
Hejazi, e,. Rastegar, A,. Gholamali lavasani, M., ghurban Jahromi, R. (2009). Intelligence beliefs and academic achievement: the role of achievement goals and academic engagement. Journal of Psychological researches, 12 (1-2 (23)). (Persian).
Hejazi, e,. Rastegar, A,. ghurban Jahromi, R. (2008). A prediction model of math achievement: the dimensions of academic engagement and achievement goals. Journal of Educational Innovations, 7, 28, 46-30. (Persian).
Heslin, P.A. Latham, G.P & Vandewalle, D. (2005). The Effect Of Implicit Person Theory On Performance Appraisals. Journal Of Applied Psychology, 90(5), 842–856.
Hoppe, C.S. (2011). Academic Procrastination As A Predictor Of Explanatory Style In College Students. Dissertation M.A. Carroll College.
Hosseini, f,. Khayyer, m. (2009). Prediction of Behavioral and Decisional Procrastination Considering Meta-Cognition Beliefs in University Students. iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, 15(3), 265-273. (Persian).
Howell, A. J & Buro K. (2010). Implicit Beliefs, Achievement Goals, And Procrastination: A Meditational Analysis. Learning And Individual Differences, 19, 151–154.
Howell, A. J., & Watson, D. C. (2007). Procrastination: associations with achievement goal orientation and learning strategies. Personality and Individual Differences, 43, 167–178.
http://oxforddictionaries.com/., Retrieved 1391.03.01.
Hussain, I. & Sultan, S. (2010). Analysis of procrastination among university students. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 5, 1897–1904.
Iskender, M. (2011). The Influence Of Self-Compassion On Academic Procrastination And Dysfunctional Attitudes. Educational Research And Reviews, 6(2), 230-234.
Joukar, B. & Delavarpoor, M.A. (2007). The relation between procrastination educational with achievement goals. New Thoughts On Education Quarterly, 3 (4-3), 80-61. (Persian).
Kachgal, M.M., Hansen, L. S., & Nutter, K.J. (2001). Academic Procrastination Prevention/Intervention: Strategies And Recommendations. Journal Of Developmental Education, 25, 14-21.
Kennedy, G.N. (2009). The Influence Of Academic Values And Belongingness Concerns On Achievement Goals, Self-Efficacy, And Perceived Stress In First Quarter Freshmen: Relationships To Academic Performance And The Mediating Role Of Procrastination. Dissertation M.A. The Ohio State University.
Khademi, M. Noshadi, N. (2006). Examine the relationship between Achievement goal orientation with self-regulated learning and academic achievement on Pre-university students of Shiraz. Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Shiraz, 22(4), 78-63. (Persian).
Mccloskey, J.D. (2011). Finally, My Thesis On Academic Procrastination. Dissertation. The University Of Texas At Arlington.
Milgram, N. & Marshevsky S, Sadeh C. (1995). Correlates of academic procrastination: Discomfort, task aversiveness, and task capability. J.Psychol, 129, 145-155.
Milgram, N.N., & Marshevsky, S. (1995). Correlates Of Academic Procrastination: Discomfort, Task Aversiveness And Task Capability. Journal Of Psychology, 129, 145-155.
Mostafavi, f. (2010). Study the role of achievement goal orientations (mastery-approach, work-avoidence. performance-approach, performance-avoidenc )self-efficacy in self-regulation and personality characteristics (neroticisme and conscientiousness), in the academic procrastination of students of Tabrizu University. Faculty of Education and Psychology, Tabriz University. master thesis. (Persian).
Nicholls, J & Patashnick, M, (1989). Individual difference in academic motivation: perceived ability, goal, beliefs, and values. Learning and individual differences, 1, 63-84.
Ozer, B.U. & Sackes, M. (2011). Effects of Academic Procrastination on College Students’ Life Satisfaction. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 12, 512–519.
Rastegar, A., Hejazi, e, Jamshidi, A. (2008). relationship Cognitive-motivational variables with student exercise performance. Journal of Olympic, 16(2): 74-63. (Persian).
Rosario, P. Costa, M. Nunez, J.C. & Peinda, J.G. (2009). Academic Procrastination: Associations With Personal, School, And Family Variables. The Spanish Journal Of Psychology, 12(1), 118-127.
Schouwenburg, H. C. (2005). On counselling the procrastinator in academic settings. Fedora Psyche Conference. Groningen, The Netherlands, 67-80.
Sideridis, G.D. (2005). Goal Orientation, Academic Achievement, And Depression: Evidence In Favor Of A Revised Goal Theory Framework. Journal Of Educational, 97( 3), 366–375.
Sins, H.M. Joolingen, W.R. Savelsbergh, E. R. & Wolters, B.H. (2008). Motivation And Performance Within A Collaborative Computer-Based Modeling Task: Relations Between Students’ Achievement Goal Orientation, Self-Efficacy, Cognitive Processing, And Achievement. Contemporary Educational Psychology,33, 58–77.
Sirin, E. F. (2011).Academic procrastination among undergraduates attending school of physical education and sports: Role of general procrastination, academic motivation and academic self-efficacy. Educational Research and Reviews, 6(5), 447-455.
Solomon, L. J., & Rothblum, E. D. (1984). Academic procrastination: frequency and cognitive-behavioral correlates. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 31,503-509.
Steel, P. (2007). The Nature Of Procrastination: A Meta-Analytic And Theoretical Review Of Quintessential Self-Regulatory Failure. Psychological Bulletin, 133, 65−94.
Wang, C.K. Liu, W.C & Chay, S. (2010). Achievement Goals, Implicit Theories And Behavioral Regulation Among Polytechnic Engineering Students. The International Journal Of Research And Review An interdisciplinary journal on various fields of the Social Sciences, 5(2), 1-17.
Was, C. (2006). Academic Achievement Goal Orientation: Taking Another Look: Electoronic. Journal Of Research In Educational Psychology, 10, 4(3), 529-555.
Wolters, c.a. (2004). Advancing Achievement Goal Theory: Using Goal Structures and Goal Orientations to Predict Students’ Motivation, Cognition, and Achievement. Journal of Educational Psychology, 96(2), 236–250.
Yao, M.P. (2009). An Exploration Of Multidimensional Perfectionism, Academic Self-Efficacy, Procrastination Frequency, And Asian American Cultural Values In Asian American University Students. Dissertation M.A. The Ohio State University.
Yong, F.L. (2010). A Study on the Assertiveness and Academic Procrastination of English and Communication Students at a Private University. American Journal of Scientific Research, 9, 62-72.
_||_