Antimicrobial and Healing Effect of Nettle, Purslane and Hedge Nettle Extracts on Burn Infections of Staphylococcus aureus in Mice
Subject Areas :
Nader Kazemi
1
(Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran)
Mahdi Arfaei
2
(Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran.)
Mona Ghasemi
3
(Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran.)
Received: 2022-10-18
Accepted : 2022-12-19
Published : 2022-12-22
Keywords:
Burn infection,
Portulaca oleracea,
Urtica dioica,
Stachys schtschegleevii,
Staphylococcus aureus,
Abstract :
Introduction & Objective: Staphylococcus aureus is cause of hospital infections and infectious illnesses. Urtica dioica, Portulaca oleracea and Stachys schtschegleevii have more antimicrobial and healing effects. In this project, the antimicrobial and healing effects of plants extracts with silver sulfadiazine were studied on burn infections of Staphylococcus aureus in rats. Materials & Methods: Firstly, ethanolic and acetonic extracts of plants were prepared in the laboratory. Then, the MIC and MBC of the extracts were determined by the dilution method in the Muller Hinton broth. In study of animal model, firstly the bacteria were inoculated with a concentration of (5×105 CFU/ml) to the wound site on rats. After 24 hours, ointments were prepared based on MBC concentration from extracts of mentioned plants for 1g of silver sulfadiazine and was used to treatment.Results: In studies conducted on rats, it was found that ethanolic and acetonic extracts of Urtica dioica, as well as the acetonic extract of Portulaca oleracea had more antimicrobial and healing effect on Staphylococcus aureus. But in the wound treated with ethanolic and acetonic extract of Stachys schtschegleevii, bleeding was seen. Conclusions: Ethanolic and acetonic extracts of Urtica dioica and the acetonic extract of Portulaca oleracea had more antimicrobial and restoration effects on burn wound infection. Ethanolic and acetonic extract of Urtica dioica had better healing effects than acetonic extract of Portulaca oleracea. As a result, extract of Urtica dioica could be used in preparation of burn ointments.
References:
Hettiaratchy S, Dziewulski P. ABC of burns: Introduction. BMJ: British Medical Journal. 2004 Jun 6;328(7452):1366.
Pruitt Jr BA, McManus AT, Kim SH, Goodwin CW. Burn wound infections: current status. World journal of surgery. 1998 Feb;22(2):135-45.
Masumi Asil H, Zahraie M, Majidpur A, Nateghian A, Afhami S, Rahbar M. National Guideline of nosocomial infections surveillance. Tehran, Iran: Department of Health and Medical Education. Center for Disease Management. 2006:7-30. [In Persian]
Oliveira AA, Segovia JF, Sousa VY, Mata EC, Gonçalves MC, Bezerra RM, Junior PO, Kanzaki LI. Antimicrobial activity of amazonian medicinal plants. SpringerPlus. 2013 Dec;2(1):1-6.
Martin M, Orwin M, Schlievert P. Exotoxins of Staphylococcus aureus Clin Microbiol Rev.
Holden MT, Feil EJ, Lindsay JA, Peacock SJ, Day NP, Enright MC, Foster TJ, Moore CE, Hurst L, Atkin R, Barron A. Complete genomes of two clinical Staphylococcus aureus strains: evidence for the rapid evolution of virulence and drug resistance. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2004 Jun 29;101(26):9786-91.
Gutowska I, Jakubczyk K, Dec K, Baranowska-Bosiacka I, Drozd A, Janda K, Wolska J, Łukomska A, Dębia K, Chlubek D. Effect of the extract from nettle (Urtica dioica L.) fruit cluster on the synthesis of pro-inflammatory agents in hepatocytes treated with fluoride. Fluoride. 2014 Apr 1;47(2):109-8.
Kamkar A, Monfared M, Javan AJ, Asadi F, Aknodzadeh A. Antioxidative effects of liquid and organic extracts from Iranian nettle (Urtica dioica L.). Asian Journal of Food and Agro-Industry. 2010;3(5):491-7.
Amini K, Hemmatpour B, Moradi P, Nazari Z, Mahvar T. Antibacterial activity of the ethanol and water extracts and investigating the chemical composition of different parts of Urtica dioica. Sci Road J. 2014;2(02):57-65.
Khare V, Kushwaha P, Verma S, Gupta A, Srivastava S, Rawat AK. Pharmacognostic Evaluation and Antioxidant Activity of Urtica dioica L.
Londonkar R, Nayaka HB. Phytochemical and antimicrobial activities of Portulaca oleracea L. Journal of Pharmacy Research. 2011 Oct;4(10):3553-5.
Abichandani M, Nahar L, Singh P, Chitnis R, Nazemiyeh H, Delazar A, Sarker SD. Antibacterial and free-radical-scavenging properties of Stachys schtschegleevii (Lamiaceae). Archives of Biological Sciences. 2010;62(4):941-5.
Rezazadeh S, Kebryaeezadeh A, Pirali-Hamedani M, Shafiee A, Isfahani SG. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity of methanolic extracts of aerial parts of stachys schtschegleevii sosn. and stachys balansae boiss. and kotschy ex boiss in rats. DARU Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2005;13(4):165-9.
O'Riordan K, Lee JC. Staphylococcus aureus capsular polysaccharides. Clinical microbiology reviews. 2004 Jan;17(1):218-34.
Hosseinimehr SJ, Khorasani G, Azadbakht M, Zamani P, Ghasemi M, Ahmadi A. Effect of aloe cream versus silver sulfadiazine for healing burn wounds in rats. Acta Dermatovenerologica Croatica. 2010 Jan 1;18(1):0-0.
Tenover FC, Hughes JM. The challenges of emerging infectious diseases: development and spread of multiply-resistant bacterial pathogens. Jama. 1996 Jan 24;275(4):300-4.
De Sotillo DR, Hadley M, Holm ET. Potato peel waste: stability and antioxidant activity of a freeze‐ dried extract. Journal of Food Science. 1994 Sep;59(5):1031-3.
Akhondzadeh S, Kashani L, Fotouhi A, Jarvandi S, Mobaseri M, Moin M, Khani M, Jamshidi AH, Baghalian K, Taghizadeh M. Comparison of Lavandula angustifolia Mill. tincture and imipramine in the treatment of mild to moderate depression: a double-blind, randomized trial. Progress in Neuro- Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry. 2003 Feb 1;27(1):123-7.
Mohamed H. One year prevalence of critically ill burn wound bacterial infections in surgical ICU in Egypt: Retrospective study. Egyptian Journal of Anaesthesia. 2016 Jul 1;32(3):431-4.
Parivar K, Yaghmaei P, Hayati RN, Mohammadi MP. Effects of synchronized oral administration and topical application of Kombucha on Third-degree burn wounds regeneration in mature rats.
Rafii F, Mohammadi-Fakhar F, Orak RJ. Effectiveness of jaw relaxation for burn dressing pain: randomized clinical trial. Pain Management Nursing. 2014 Dec 1;15(4):845-53.
Bhullar K, Waglechner N, Pawlowski A, Koteva K, Banks ED, Johnston MD, Barton HA, Wright GD. Antibiotic resistance is prevalent in an isolated cave microbiome. PloS one. 2012 Apr 11;7(4): e34953.
Savoia D. Plant-derived antimicrobial compounds: alternatives to antibiotics. Future microbiology. 2012 Aug;7(8):979-90.
Hashemi AH, SHAPOURI R, Esrafili MR. Antimicrobial and Healing EffectBurdock and Nasturtium of Nettle, Extracts with Silver Sulfadiazine on Burn Infections of Staphylococcus aurous. [In Persian]
Rafiee-Vardanjani L, Sahinfard N, Rahimi-Madiseh M, Ansari Samani R, Rahimi M, Parvin N, Taji- Eshkaftaki F. Effect of Portulaca oleracea L vice versa silver sulfadiazine on burn wound healing in Balb/c mice. Journal of Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences. 2012;13(6). [In Persian]
Khursheed A, Jain V. Phytochemical screening, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activity of different Portulaca oleracea L. extracts growing in Kashmir Valley. Journal of Biochemical Technology. 2021 Jul 1;12(3):1-8.
Noshad M. Evaluation of the effect of aqueous and ethanolic extraction methods on extraction yield, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of Stachys schtschegleevii extract. Journal of food science and technology (Iran). 2020 May 10;17(100):117-25. [ In Persian]
Nostro A, Germano MP, D’angelo V, Marino A, Cannatelli MA. Extraction methods and bioautography for evaluation of medicinal plant antimicrobial activity. Letters in applied microbiology. 2000 May;30(5):379-84.
_||_
Hettiaratchy S, Dziewulski P. ABC of burns: Introduction. BMJ: British Medical Journal. 2004 Jun 6;328(7452):1366.
Pruitt Jr BA, McManus AT, Kim SH, Goodwin CW. Burn wound infections: current status. World journal of surgery. 1998 Feb;22(2):135-45.
Masumi Asil H, Zahraie M, Majidpur A, Nateghian A, Afhami S, Rahbar M. National Guideline of nosocomial infections surveillance. Tehran, Iran: Department of Health and Medical Education. Center for Disease Management. 2006:7-30. [In Persian]
Oliveira AA, Segovia JF, Sousa VY, Mata EC, Gonçalves MC, Bezerra RM, Junior PO, Kanzaki LI. Antimicrobial activity of amazonian medicinal plants. SpringerPlus. 2013 Dec;2(1):1-6.
Martin M, Orwin M, Schlievert P. Exotoxins of Staphylococcus aureus Clin Microbiol Rev.
Holden MT, Feil EJ, Lindsay JA, Peacock SJ, Day NP, Enright MC, Foster TJ, Moore CE, Hurst L, Atkin R, Barron A. Complete genomes of two clinical Staphylococcus aureus strains: evidence for the rapid evolution of virulence and drug resistance. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2004 Jun 29;101(26):9786-91.
Gutowska I, Jakubczyk K, Dec K, Baranowska-Bosiacka I, Drozd A, Janda K, Wolska J, Łukomska A, Dębia K, Chlubek D. Effect of the extract from nettle (Urtica dioica L.) fruit cluster on the synthesis of pro-inflammatory agents in hepatocytes treated with fluoride. Fluoride. 2014 Apr 1;47(2):109-8.
Kamkar A, Monfared M, Javan AJ, Asadi F, Aknodzadeh A. Antioxidative effects of liquid and organic extracts from Iranian nettle (Urtica dioica L.). Asian Journal of Food and Agro-Industry. 2010;3(5):491-7.
Amini K, Hemmatpour B, Moradi P, Nazari Z, Mahvar T. Antibacterial activity of the ethanol and water extracts and investigating the chemical composition of different parts of Urtica dioica. Sci Road J. 2014;2(02):57-65.
Khare V, Kushwaha P, Verma S, Gupta A, Srivastava S, Rawat AK. Pharmacognostic Evaluation and Antioxidant Activity of Urtica dioica L.
Londonkar R, Nayaka HB. Phytochemical and antimicrobial activities of Portulaca oleracea L. Journal of Pharmacy Research. 2011 Oct;4(10):3553-5.
Abichandani M, Nahar L, Singh P, Chitnis R, Nazemiyeh H, Delazar A, Sarker SD. Antibacterial and free-radical-scavenging properties of Stachys schtschegleevii (Lamiaceae). Archives of Biological Sciences. 2010;62(4):941-5.
Rezazadeh S, Kebryaeezadeh A, Pirali-Hamedani M, Shafiee A, Isfahani SG. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity of methanolic extracts of aerial parts of stachys schtschegleevii sosn. and stachys balansae boiss. and kotschy ex boiss in rats. DARU Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2005;13(4):165-9.
O'Riordan K, Lee JC. Staphylococcus aureus capsular polysaccharides. Clinical microbiology reviews. 2004 Jan;17(1):218-34.
Hosseinimehr SJ, Khorasani G, Azadbakht M, Zamani P, Ghasemi M, Ahmadi A. Effect of aloe cream versus silver sulfadiazine for healing burn wounds in rats. Acta Dermatovenerologica Croatica. 2010 Jan 1;18(1):0-0.
Tenover FC, Hughes JM. The challenges of emerging infectious diseases: development and spread of multiply-resistant bacterial pathogens. Jama. 1996 Jan 24;275(4):300-4.
De Sotillo DR, Hadley M, Holm ET. Potato peel waste: stability and antioxidant activity of a freeze‐ dried extract. Journal of Food Science. 1994 Sep;59(5):1031-3.
Akhondzadeh S, Kashani L, Fotouhi A, Jarvandi S, Mobaseri M, Moin M, Khani M, Jamshidi AH, Baghalian K, Taghizadeh M. Comparison of Lavandula angustifolia Mill. tincture and imipramine in the treatment of mild to moderate depression: a double-blind, randomized trial. Progress in Neuro- Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry. 2003 Feb 1;27(1):123-7.
Mohamed H. One year prevalence of critically ill burn wound bacterial infections in surgical ICU in Egypt: Retrospective study. Egyptian Journal of Anaesthesia. 2016 Jul 1;32(3):431-4.
Parivar K, Yaghmaei P, Hayati RN, Mohammadi MP. Effects of synchronized oral administration and topical application of Kombucha on Third-degree burn wounds regeneration in mature rats.
Rafii F, Mohammadi-Fakhar F, Orak RJ. Effectiveness of jaw relaxation for burn dressing pain: randomized clinical trial. Pain Management Nursing. 2014 Dec 1;15(4):845-53.
Bhullar K, Waglechner N, Pawlowski A, Koteva K, Banks ED, Johnston MD, Barton HA, Wright GD. Antibiotic resistance is prevalent in an isolated cave microbiome. PloS one. 2012 Apr 11;7(4): e34953.
Savoia D. Plant-derived antimicrobial compounds: alternatives to antibiotics. Future microbiology. 2012 Aug;7(8):979-90.
Hashemi AH, SHAPOURI R, Esrafili MR. Antimicrobial and Healing EffectBurdock and Nasturtium of Nettle, Extracts with Silver Sulfadiazine on Burn Infections of Staphylococcus aurous. [In Persian]
Rafiee-Vardanjani L, Sahinfard N, Rahimi-Madiseh M, Ansari Samani R, Rahimi M, Parvin N, Taji- Eshkaftaki F. Effect of Portulaca oleracea L vice versa silver sulfadiazine on burn wound healing in Balb/c mice. Journal of Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences. 2012;13(6). [In Persian]
Khursheed A, Jain V. Phytochemical screening, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activity of different Portulaca oleracea L. extracts growing in Kashmir Valley. Journal of Biochemical Technology. 2021 Jul 1;12(3):1-8.
Noshad M. Evaluation of the effect of aqueous and ethanolic extraction methods on extraction yield, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of Stachys schtschegleevii extract. Journal of food science and technology (Iran). 2020 May 10;17(100):117-25. [ In Persian]
Nostro A, Germano MP, D’angelo V, Marino A, Cannatelli MA. Extraction methods and bioautography for evaluation of medicinal plant antimicrobial activity. Letters in applied microbiology. 2000 May;30(5):379-84.
