God of The World and The world of God (A Study of Man’s Nature in Ganj-e Ravan and Chehel Sabah of Shah Daei Shirazi)

Subject Areas : Islamic Mysticism

Masroureh Mokhtari ¹ (Associate Professor, Department of Persian Language and Literature, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran, *Corresponding Author. [e-mail])
Mahsa Kazempour ² (Phd. Student, Department of Persian Language and Literature, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.)

Received: 2022-06-19 Accepted : 2022-06-19 Published : 2022-06-22

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Abstract :

Shah Daei Shirazi, a mystical poet of the ninth century AH, is one of the preachers of Ibn Al-Arabi's mystical ideas and one of the students of Shah Nematullah Vali. The Masnavi of Ganj-e Ravan and Chehel Sabah are the second and third one of his six Masnavis respectively. These poems, by taking advantage of the poet's genius and the ideas of his predecessors, including the mystical thoughts of Ibn Al-Arabi and Rumi's style in Masnavi, have reached a degree of innovative literary and artistic structure. Due to the fact that no special research has been done on the mentioned works so far, the present study, with its analytical-descriptive method and using the library resources, introduced these two masnavis and studies the human nature within to explain the poet's view on human nature and its levels with an ontological approach. The results of the research show that Shah Daei does not consider human separate from existence and human is at the highest level of existence and the evolutionary course of human passes through existence. Based on Ibn Al-Arabi, Daei considers the perfect man as the reflection of divine names and attributes and a mirror of the whole universe.