Comparison of the Status of Poverty (Faghr) from the Perspective of Khajuye Kermani and Shah Nematullah Vali

Subject Areas : Islamic Mysticism

Suri Bidabady ¹ (دانشجوی دکتری گروه زبان و ادبیات فارسی، واحد یادگار امام خمینی(ره) شهر ری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران)
roya ahm,ad a,mraji ² (Assistant Professor of Persian Language and Literature Department, Yadegar-e-Imam Khomeini (RAH) Shahre Rey Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran)
Shahparak Farahbakhsh Esfahan ³ (استادیار گروه زبان و ادبیات فارسی، واحد یادگار امام خمینی(ره) شهر ری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران)

Received: 2020-12-05 Accepted : 2021-02-20 Published : 2023-03-21

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Abstract :

Poverty as a stage of life is of great importance not only in literature, but also in the mystical field. The seeker in this position achieves the annihilation of God by denying the transcendence of God, which is the ultimate mysticism. This study has analytically-comparatively examined and compared the views of two prominent mystics and poets of the eighth century, Khajuye Kermani and Shah Nematullah Vali, regarding the concept of poverty. Findings show that both poets' view of poverty includes spiritual poverty, which elevates the human spirit to perfection and a high position in relation to richness. The difference is that Khajou has considered material poverty in some verses that have low frequency. He also used other terms in the meaning of poverty, such as: begging, poverty, while Shah Nematullah, in addition to these words, also used the word "dervish" a lot. This kind of application of poverty indicates the diversity of the Sufi language of the two poets in expressing their mystical purpose and the duality of the concept of poverty.