Formulating and Screening Organization Strategies based on the Generic Strategies of Porter by Using Fuzzy Quality Function Deployment
Subject Areas :
Industrial Management
Abazar Zohrabi
1
,
Nikzad Manteghi
2
1 - Department of Management, Payame Noor University (PNU), Tehran, Iran
2 - Assistant professor, Department of Industrial Management, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
Received: 2014-01-05
Accepted : 2014-10-14
Published : 2015-04-09
Keywords:
Abstract :
The purpose of this study is to offer a comprehensive framework to formulate and screen useful strategies of an organization. First, the five competitive forces of Porter were studied. Then, initial strategies were formulated by SWOT analysis. These strategies were divided in four perspectives of the balanced scorecard. Then, QFD was used which generic strategies were as “HOWs / Criteria” in that and initial strategies were as "WHATs / Alternatives" in that too. Finally, the initial strategies based on generic strategies were screened by using fuzzy screening technique. The statistic population in this study was 22 experts and statistic sample was also 22. To gather the data, 7 questionnaires were used. This method was conducted in Cinere Cosmetics and Health Producer Organization. Finding strategies with the greatest benefit that satisfy generic strategies was one of the main results of this study. The result of this study indicated that this method can be used as a comprehensive framework for formulating strategies in the organization, and generic strategies as criteria which can be used for screening initial strategies. Combining the techniques utilized in this study was also caused to increase the efficiency and to decrease the weaknesses of these techniques.
References:
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Allen, R.S., & Helms, M.M. (2006). Linking strategic practices and organizational performance to Porter’s generic strategies. Business Process Management Journal, 12(4(, 433-454.
Bottani, E., & Rizzi, A. (2006). Strategic management of logistics service: a fuzzy QFD approach, International Journal of Production Economics, 103(2(, 585-99.
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Dyson, Robert G. (2004). Strategic development and SWOT analysis at the University of Warwick. European Journal of Operational Research, 152, 631–640
Fuller, R. (2000). Introduction to Neuro -Fuzzy Systems, Studies in Fuzziness and Soft Computing, Physica-Verlag, a Springer- Verlag Company.
Guinta, L.R., & Praizler, N.C. (1993). The QFD book: The team Approach to solving Problems and satisfying customer through Quality function Deployment, Amacom, New York, NY.
Hlavacka, S., Ljuba, B., Viera, R., & Robert, W. (2001). Performance implications of Porter’s generic strategies in Slovak hospitals. Journal of Management in Medicine, 15 (1), 44-66.
Ip, Y.K., & Koo, L.C. (2004). BSQ strategic formulation framework a hybrid of balanced scorecard, SWOT analysis and quality function deployment. Managerial Auditing Journal, 19 (4), 533-543.
Johnson, G., & Scholes, K. (1993). Exploring Corporate Strategy, 3rd ed., Prentice-Hall International, Hemel Hempstead.
Kaplan, R.S., & Norton, D.P. (2004). Strategy Maps: Converting Intangible Assets into Tangible Outcomes. Harvard Business School Publishing Corporation, New York, NY.
Kaplan, R.S., & Norton, D.P. (1996). Using balanced scorecard as a strategic management system , Harvard Business Review, January – February, 75-85.
Ko, A. S., & Lee,S.F. (2000). Implementing the strategic formulation framework for the banking industry of Hong Kong. Managerial Auditing Journal, 15(9), 469- 477.
Koo, L.C. (1998). Building balanced scorecard on the house of quality, The 1st Industrial Engineering and Management (IEM) Symposium, Transformational Strategy towards the 21st Century, Hong Kong, 20-21 November.
Lee,S.F., & Lo, K.K. (2003). E-Enterprise and management course development using strategy formulation framework for vocational education. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 139, 604–612.
Lee,S.F., & KO, A. S. (2000). Building balanced scorecard with SWOT analysis, and implementing ''Sun Tzu's The Art of Business Management Strategies'' on QFD methodology. Managerial Auditing Journal, 15/1/2, 68-76.
Maritan, D., & Panizzolo, R. ( 2009). Identifying business priorities through quality Function deployment. Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 27 (5), 714-28.
Miller, D. 1992. The generic strategy trap, Journal of Business Strategy, 13 (1), 37-42.
Poel, I. (2007). Methodological problems in QFD and directions for future development. Res Eng Design, 18, 21-36.
Porter, M. E. (1998).Competitive Strategy: Techniques for analyzing industries and competitors with an Introduction.New York: Free Press.
Rauch, P. (2007). SWOT analyses and SWOT strategy formulation for forest owner cooperation in Austria. Eur J Forest Res, 126,413-420.
Salavou, H. (2010). Strategy types of service firms: evidence from Greece. Management Decision, 48 (7), 1033-1047.
Silva Goncalves, H. (2009). Proposal of a strategy model planning aligned to the balanced scorecard and the quality environments. The TQM Journal, 21 (5), 462- 472.
Wong, W.K., Zeng, X.H., Au, W.M.R., Mok, P.Y., & Leung, S.Y.S. (2009). A fashion mix- and-match expert system for fashion retailers using fuzzy screening approach, Expert Systems with Applications. 36, 1750–1764.
Yager, R. R. (1993). Fuzzy screening systems. In R. Lowen & M. Roubens (Eds.), Fuzzy logic: State of the art Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 251–261.
Yi Wu, H., Hshiung Tzeng, G., Hsuan Chen, Y. (2009). A fuzzy MCDM approach for evaluating banking performance based on Balanced Scorecard, Expert Systems with Applications, 36, 10135- 10145.
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Allen, R.S., Helms, M.M., Takeda, M., & White, C.S. (2008). Porter’s business strategies in Japan. Journal of Business Strategies, 9 )1(, 37-44.
Allen, R.S., & Helms, M.M. (2006). Linking strategic practices and organizational performance to Porter’s generic strategies. Business Process Management Journal, 12(4(, 433-454.
Bottani, E., & Rizzi, A. (2006). Strategic management of logistics service: a fuzzy QFD approach, International Journal of Production Economics, 103(2(, 585-99.
Cross, L. (1999). Strategy drives marketing success, Graphic Arts Monthly, 71 (2(, 96.
David, F. R. (1999).Strategic Management (7th Ed), Prentice – Hall, Inc.,(Chapter1)
Dyson, Robert G. (2004). Strategic development and SWOT analysis at the University of Warwick. European Journal of Operational Research, 152, 631–640
Fuller, R. (2000). Introduction to Neuro -Fuzzy Systems, Studies in Fuzziness and Soft Computing, Physica-Verlag, a Springer- Verlag Company.
Guinta, L.R., & Praizler, N.C. (1993). The QFD book: The team Approach to solving Problems and satisfying customer through Quality function Deployment, Amacom, New York, NY.
Hlavacka, S., Ljuba, B., Viera, R., & Robert, W. (2001). Performance implications of Porter’s generic strategies in Slovak hospitals. Journal of Management in Medicine, 15 (1), 44-66.
Ip, Y.K., & Koo, L.C. (2004). BSQ strategic formulation framework a hybrid of balanced scorecard, SWOT analysis and quality function deployment. Managerial Auditing Journal, 19 (4), 533-543.
Johnson, G., & Scholes, K. (1993). Exploring Corporate Strategy, 3rd ed., Prentice-Hall International, Hemel Hempstead.
Kaplan, R.S., & Norton, D.P. (2004). Strategy Maps: Converting Intangible Assets into Tangible Outcomes. Harvard Business School Publishing Corporation, New York, NY.
Kaplan, R.S., & Norton, D.P. (1996). Using balanced scorecard as a strategic management system , Harvard Business Review, January – February, 75-85.
Ko, A. S., & Lee,S.F. (2000). Implementing the strategic formulation framework for the banking industry of Hong Kong. Managerial Auditing Journal, 15(9), 469- 477.
Koo, L.C. (1998). Building balanced scorecard on the house of quality, The 1st Industrial Engineering and Management (IEM) Symposium, Transformational Strategy towards the 21st Century, Hong Kong, 20-21 November.
Lee,S.F., & Lo, K.K. (2003). E-Enterprise and management course development using strategy formulation framework for vocational education. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 139, 604–612.
Lee,S.F., & KO, A. S. (2000). Building balanced scorecard with SWOT analysis, and implementing ''Sun Tzu's The Art of Business Management Strategies'' on QFD methodology. Managerial Auditing Journal, 15/1/2, 68-76.
Maritan, D., & Panizzolo, R. ( 2009). Identifying business priorities through quality Function deployment. Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 27 (5), 714-28.
Miller, D. 1992. The generic strategy trap, Journal of Business Strategy, 13 (1), 37-42.
Poel, I. (2007). Methodological problems in QFD and directions for future development. Res Eng Design, 18, 21-36.
Porter, M. E. (1998).Competitive Strategy: Techniques for analyzing industries and competitors with an Introduction.New York: Free Press.
Rauch, P. (2007). SWOT analyses and SWOT strategy formulation for forest owner cooperation in Austria. Eur J Forest Res, 126,413-420.
Salavou, H. (2010). Strategy types of service firms: evidence from Greece. Management Decision, 48 (7), 1033-1047.
Silva Goncalves, H. (2009). Proposal of a strategy model planning aligned to the balanced scorecard and the quality environments. The TQM Journal, 21 (5), 462- 472.
Wong, W.K., Zeng, X.H., Au, W.M.R., Mok, P.Y., & Leung, S.Y.S. (2009). A fashion mix- and-match expert system for fashion retailers using fuzzy screening approach, Expert Systems with Applications. 36, 1750–1764.
Yager, R. R. (1993). Fuzzy screening systems. In R. Lowen & M. Roubens (Eds.), Fuzzy logic: State of the art Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 251–261.
Yi Wu, H., Hshiung Tzeng, G., Hsuan Chen, Y. (2009). A fuzzy MCDM approach for evaluating banking performance based on Balanced Scorecard, Expert Systems with Applications, 36, 10135- 10145.
