Mulla Sadra's philosophical attitude towards the concept of "velayat" and its functions.

Subject Areas : Intellectual explorations

Asghar Salimi Naveh ¹ (Assistant Professor of Philosophy, Department of Philosophy and Islamic Theology, Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, University of Vali-e-Asr, Rafsanjan, Iran a.salimi)
Neda Dorkhah ² (Master of Philosophy and Islamic Theology, Visiting Professor at the Department of Islamic Studies, Vali-e- Asr University, Rafsanjan, Iran)

Received: 2023-01-15 Accepted : 2023-02-21 Published : 2022-11-22

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Abstract :

The problem of "province" is one of the most important mystical problems that Mulla Sadra gave it a philosophical color based on his philosophical initiatives and turned it into a solid philosophical-mystical problem, although the philosophers before Mulla Sadra also more or less tried to philosophize and prove the problem. They became governors; But Mulla Sadra, with the foundation he built based on his principles, was most successful in this matter and built this issue on a solid foundation. He explained the issue of the province in two arcs of ascension and descent. It examines the foundations of the cognitive existence of the truth of the province in the descending arc and the anthropological foundations of the issue of the province in the ascending arc. The anthropological foundations in the ascending arc represent the preparations for attaining the position of governorship. According to Mulla Sadra, the position of governorship is acquired in the arc of ascension. This position is a position that a person will reach a level of this truth in the arc of ascension, according to his effort and effort, and the condition of ascending to this level in the first stage is that a person knows the truth of his existence. The reality of his existence, which is his soul, is a deposit and a breath of the divine spirit in which God placed many talents in a potential form, and this soul has various functions and levels, in each of its levels, the ability to connect and unite with a certain level of this world. is that man directs his efforts to reach the position of closeness to God