The Effectiveness of Attachment Therapy to Mothers on the Symptoms of Oppositional Defiant in Children

Subject Areas : Woman and family

Hoda malekzadeh ¹ , Ezat deyreh ² , Naser Amini ³ , Mohammad Narimani ⁴

1 - P.H.D Student of Psychology Department, Bushehr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr, Iran.
2 - * Assistant Professor of Psychology Department , Bushehr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr, Iran.Corresponding author [e-mail]
3 - Assistant Professor of Psychology Department, Bushehr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr, Iran.
4 - Academic Tenure of Psychology Department, Univesity of Mohaghegh Ardebili, Ardebil, Iran

Received: 2022-08-30 Accepted : 2022-08-30 Published : 2022-08-23

Keywords: Attachment therapy, Internalization problems, Externalization problems,

Abstract :

The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of attachment therapy to mothers on the symptoms of oppositional defiant in children aged 8 to 11 years in Shiraz. The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test-post-test design and control group and follow-up stage. The research sample consisted of 40 mothers of primary school male students in the academic year of 2019-2020 in Shiraz who were randomly and assigned into the experimental group (20 people) and control group (20 people). Demographic questionnaires and Achenbach's child behavioral checklists of patents were used to collect data. The results showed that there was a significant difference between pre-test and post-test in three variables of externalized problems, internalized behavioral problems and general problems (P <0.001). There is also a significant difference between the pre-test-follow-up in all three variables (P <0.001) and also there is a significant difference between post-test and follow-up in the two variables of externalized problems and internalized behavioral problems (P <0.001). Based Based on the findings, it can be said that teaching attachment therapy to mothers is effective in reducing the symptoms of oppositional defiant in children aged 8 to 11 years and this type of intervention can be used in medical centers for children with behavioral problems.The Effectiveness of Attachment Therapy to Mothers on the Symptoms of Oppositional Defiant in Children

References:

بشارت, محمدعلی, رستمی, رضا, بهرامی احسان, هادی. (1395). اثربخشی مداخله دلبستگی محور مادر - کودک بر افزایش ایمنی دلبستگی کودکان پیش‎ دبستانی. روانشناسی تحولی: روانشناسان ایرانی, 12(48), 354-343.

تهرانی دوست، مهدی؛ شهریور، زهراء محمودی قرائی، جواد و علاقبندراد، جواد. (۱۳۸۷). تاثیر آموزش سازنده فرزندان به والدین در کاهش مشکلات رفتاری کودکان. مجله روانپزشکی و روانشناسی بالینی ایران، ۴، ۳۷۹ – 371.

Ablin, J. N., & Wolfe, F. (2017). A comparative evaluation of the 2011 and 2016 criteria for fibromyalgia. The Journal of Rheumatology, 44(88): 1271-1276.

American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition. United States: American Psychiatric Association.

Callanan, M.A., Legare, C. H., Sobel, D. M., Jaeger, G. J.,  Letourneau, S., McHugh, S. R., et al. (2020). Exploration, explanation, and parent–child interaction in museums. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development. 85(1):7-137.

Chen, H., Lin, X., Allen Heath, M., & Ding, W. (2020). Family violence and oppositional defiant disorder symptoms in Chinese children: The role of parental alienation and child emotion regulation. Child & Family Social Work, 25(4): 964-972.

Crestani, F. (2018). Medical cannabis for the treatment of oppositional defiant disorder. JCR: Journal of Clinical Rheumatology, 24(5), 281.

Di Tella, M., & Castelli, L. (2016). The secure attachment style oriented psycho-educational program for reducing intolerance of uncertainty and academic procrastination. Current Psychology, 1-14.

Dias, M. S., Rottmund, C. M., Cappos, K. M., Reed, M. E., Wang, M., Stetter, C., & et al. (2017). Association of a postnatal parent education program for abusive head trauma with subsequent pediatric abusive head trauma hospitalization rates. JAMA pediatrics, 171(3), 223-229.

Dubey, A., Pandey, R., & Mishra, K. (2010). Role of emotion regulation difficulties and positive/negative affectivity in explaining alexithymia-health relationship: An overview. Indian Journal of Social Science Research, 7(1), 20-31.

Egan, R., Wilsie, C., Thompson, Y., Funderburk, B., Bard, E. (2020). A community evaluation of Parent-Child Interaction Therapy for children with prenatal substance exposure. Childern and Youth Services Review, 116: 105239.

Galvez-Sánchez, C. M., Reyes Del Paso, G. A., & Duschek, S. (2018). Cognitive impairments in oppositional defiant disorder: Associations with positive and negative affect, alexithymia, pain catastrophizing and self-esteem. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 377.

Goldsmith, D. F. (2010). The emotional dance of attachment. Clinical Social Work Lournal, 38(1), 4-7.

Kawabata, Y., Alink, L.R.A., Tseng, W-L., van Ijzendoorn, M.H., & Crick, N. R. (2011). Maternal and paternal parenting styles associated with relational aggression in children and adolescents: A conceptual analysis and meta-analytic review. Developmemtal Review, 31(4), 240-278.

King, M. G., & Newnham, K. (2008). Attachment disorder, basic trust and educational psychology. Australian Journal of Educational & Developmental Psychology, 8, 27-35.

Moretti, M. M., Obsuth, I., Craig, S. G., & Bartolo, T. (2015). An attachment-based intervention for parents of adolescents at risk: mechanisms of change. Attachment & Human Development, 17(2), 119-135.

Riley, M., Ahmed, S., & Locke, A. (2016). Common questions about oppositional defiant disorder. American Family Physician, 93(7), 586- 591.

Roelofs, J., Onckels, L., & Muris, P. (2013). Attachment quality and psychopathological symptoms in clinically referred adolescents: The Mediating role of early maladaptive schema. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 22(3), 377-385.

Sadock, B.J., Sadock,V.A., & Ruiz, P. (2015). Synopsis of psychiatry: Behavioral Sciences Clinical Psychiatry (11th ed). New York: Wolters Kluwer.

Schueller, S., Kashdan, T., & Parks, A. (2014). Synthesizing positive psycho