The effectiveness of metacognitive therapy on intolerance of ambiguity in students with obsessive compulsive symptoms

Subject Areas : Woman and family

Ahad Ahangar ¹ (*Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Asbestos Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shabestar, Iran)
Fatima Asadi ² (MA, Department of Counseling, Shabestar Branch, Islamic Azad University, , Shabestar, Iran)
Sahinah Health ³ (MA, Department of Educational Psychology, Payame Noor University, Tabriz, Iran)

Received: 2020-05-14 Accepted : 2020-05-31 Published : 2020-05-21

Keywords: Students, intolerance of ambiguity, obsessive compulsive symptoms, metacognitive therapy,

Abstract :

  The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of  metacognitive therapy on intolerance of ambiguity in students with obsessive compulsive symptoms. The present study is a semi-experimental study with pretest-posttest and control group design. The statistical population of the present study consisted of all female students ( 4558)  studying at high secondary schools in Khoy city From this population, a sample of 30 people with OCD diagnosis using yale-brown obsessive compulsive scale (Y-BOCS) was selected by available sampling method and were placed randomly in two groups of experimental (15 people) and control (15 people). Participants of the two groups completed the pre-test and post-test stages of intolerance of uncertainty (questionnaire), and in the meantime, the subjects of the experimental group were placed under the training of metacognitive therapy during 10 sessions of 90 minutes. Data analysis was performed using Multivariate covariance. The findings of this study showed that metacognitive therapy resulted in a significant difference between the groups in the total intolerance of ambiguity score and its components including inability to act, stressful and upsetting results of uncertainty, negative results of unexpected events and ambiguity about future Regarding the results, it can be argued that metacognitive therapy is effective on the intolerance of ambiguity and its components.    

References:

Arfai, A., Besharat Qaramaleki, R., Gholizadeh, H & Hekmati, Isa. (1390).

Intolerance intolerance: Comparison of primary depressed patients with obsessive-

compulsive patients. Journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 33 (5): 22-17.

Ali Mehdi, M., Ehteshamzadeh, P., Naderi, F., Iftikhar S,Z & Pasha, R. (1394). The

effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy on the intolerance of uncertainty and

anxiety sensitivity in people with generalized anxiety disorder. Journal of Thought

and Behavior, 10 (38): 88-77.

Bakhshipour Rudsari, A., Hashemi Nusratabad, T & Nekounam, Mohammad Siddiq.

(1394). Comparison of ambiguity and perfectionism among patients with obsessive-

compulsive disorder and normal individuals. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 7 (1):

50-41.

Chinese sellers, M., Sohrabi, F., Golzari, M & Farrokhi, Noor Ali. (1396).

Comparison of the effectiveness of group and individual metacognitive therapy on

the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Contemporary Psychology, 11 (2):

35-23.

Ghobadzadeh, S., Davoodi & Kazem Fakhri, M. (1393). The effectiveness of group

metacognitive therapy on anxiety and fusion of women with generalized anxiety

disorder. Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, 24 (122): 338-333.

Ghobadi, Armaghan. (1396). The effect of group education based on rational-

emotional-behavioral theory (rebt) on reducing anxiety, intolerance of uncertainty

and negative orientation to the problem in students of Ferdowsi University. Master

Thesis, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad.

Gal, d. Mardit., B & Walter, G. (1391). Quantitative and qualitative research methods

in educational sciences and psychology (Vol. I), translated by Ahmad Reza Nasr et

al. Tehran: Samat Publications.

Hosseini G, Fatemeh., Mohammadkhani, P., Porschebaz, A., Dolatshahi, B & Mohammadi, F. (1392). The effectiveness of group metacognitive therapy on reducing anxiety and improving thinking control strategies in patients with generalized anxiety disorder. Journal of the School of Nursing and Midwifery, 23 (80): 76-66.

Islami, A., Barimani, P & Dost Mohammad, S. (1396). The effectiveness of cognitive

therapy based on mindfulness on anxiety and intolerance to the uncertainty of

patients with hypertension. Principles of  Mental Health, 19 (3): 289-281.

Lashkari, Bavil  & Aliaei, A. (1394). The effectiveness of metacognitive therapy

(mct) on reducing cognitive impairment in people with symptoms of pervasive anxiety disorder (GAD). Master Thesis, University of Tabriz.

Mami, S., Sharifi, M & Mahdavi, A. (1394). The effectiveness of metacognitive

therapy on reducing symptoms of transgression and fusion of thinking in patients with generalized anxiety disorder referring to a military hospital. Journal of Nursing and Physician in War, 7 (3): 25-18.

Madahi, M I. (1395). Determining the effect of metacognitive therapy and

mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on couples' communication patterns through perceived perceived stress, perceived social support, and emotional regulation in military personnel with coronary artery occlusion. Journal of Military Psychology, 7 (26): 101-91.

Momeni, M., Rezaei, F & Gorji, Yousef. (1392). The effectiveness of metacognitive

counseling on the level of test anxiety of female students. Knowledge and Research in Applied Psychology, 14 (4): 105-99.

Mikaeli Barzili, N., Ahadi, B & Hassanabadi, H. (1390). Comparison of the

effectiveness of Islamic therapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy in patients with

obsessive-compulsive disorder. Journal of Psychological Achievement, 4 (2): 86-61.

Narimani, M., Alamardani Soomeh, S., Mikaeli, N & Basharpour, S. (1393).

Comparison of uncertainty intolerance, emotion regulation and marital satisfaction in people with obsessive-compulsive disorder and normal. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 6 (4): 32-21.

Nowruz, S., Pourshahriari, M S & Lotfi, M. (1395). The effectiveness of combining

the two methods of cognitive-behavioral therapy and choice theory on practical

obsessive-compulsive disorder. Armaghan Danesh, 21 (7): 706-694.

Salmani, B & Hassani, Jafar. (1395). The role of ambiguity and positive

metacognitive beliefs in obsessive-compulsive disorder and major depression. Razi

Journal of Medical Sciences, 23 (142): 72-65.

Salimi, S H., Rah-e Nejat, A., Rabiee, A., Dabbaghi, P., Donyaei, V. (1393).

Analytical review on post-traumatic stress disorder cognitive therapy: A systematic

review review. Journal of Nursing and Physicians in War, 5 (25): 45-38.

Shara, H., Gharaei, B., Atef, H & Mohammad, K. (1389). Comparison of the

effectiveness of metacognitive therapy, fluoxamine therapy and combination therapy on improving metacognitive beliefs and mental distress of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Cognitive Science News, 12 (1): 16-1.

Shakehnia, F., Kajbaf, M B & Golkari, Tahereh. (1396). Comparison of coping

strategies and the degree of attachment of infected and non-infected students to

obsessive-compulsive disorder. Journal of Child Mental Health, 4 (2): 145-135.

Shahri, K., Moradi Begloui, M., Sarichello, M & Alipour, Mahmoud. (1396).

Investigating the effect of group metacognitive therapy on the anxiety of caregivers

of patients with hospitalized schizophrenia disorder. Journal of Psychiatry, 5 (5): 41-

34.

Sharafati, H., Taheri, E., Asmaei Majd, S & Amiri, M. (1396). The effectiveness of

cognitive therapy based on Dougas model on intolerance of uncertainty, cognitive avoidance and positive beliefs of concern in patients with generalized anxiety disorder. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 9 (2): 27-15.

Wells, Adrian. (1395). Metacognitive Therapy for Anxiety and Depression,

translated by Shahram Mohammadkhani (fourth edition). Tehran, Beyond Knowledge Publications.