فرصت تمهید: روشی میانجی برای ایجاد توازن بین صحت و روانی گفتار زبان آموزان در آموزش کار-محور
Subject Areas : آموزش زبان انگلیسیافسر روحی 1 , افسانه سعید اختر 2
1 - Payame Noor University, Ardebil Branch
2 - Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch
Keywords: روانی کلام, فرصت تمهید غیر مشروح, فرصت تمهید مشروح, بدون فرصت تمهید, صحت کلام,
Abstract :
در حالی که آموزش تکلیف مدار زبان - به گواهی مطالعات انجام گرفته - در پرورش زبان آموزانی که زبان دوم را با روانی نسبتا قابل قبولی تکلم می کنند، موفق نشان داده، صحت کلام چنین زبان آموزانی فاصله زیادی از حد مطلوب داشته است. از بین روشهای مختلفی که برای جبران چنین ضعفی در آموزش تکلیف مدار زبان پیشنهاد شده است، فرصت تمهید (planning time) در این مطالعه پژوهشی مورد مداقه قرار گرفته است. سه گروه از دانشجویان مترجمی زبان انگلیسی بخشی از یک کارتون صامت را تماشا کردند، سپس کارتون را تحت سه شرایط 1- بدون فرصت تمهید (no-planning time)، 2- با فرصت تمهید غیر مشروح (undetailed planning time) و 3- با فرصت تمهید مشروح (detailed planning time) روایت کردند. در داده های جمع آوری شده، تعداد بندهای بدون خطای دستوری، تعداد کل بندها و همچنین تعداد واژگان و ساختارهای تکراری، شروع های خطا، ساختارهای اصلاح شده و جایگزین شده برای اندازه گیری صحت و روانی کلام زبان آموزان مشخص گردید. تحلیل واریانس یک طرفه که بر داده ها اجرا شد نشان داد که فرصت تمهید مشروح بر صحت و روانی کلام زبان آموزان، مؤثرتر از فرصت تمهید غیر مشروح و این نیز به نوبه خود مؤثرتر از روایت بدون فرصت تمهید می باشد.
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