Investigating the effects of using Nettle (Urtica dioica ), Menta pulagum (Oreganum valgare) and Zizaphora (Thymyus valgaris) medicinal plants on performance, carcass quality, blood biochemical parameters and blood cells of broilers

Subject Areas : Veterinary Clinical Pathology

عباس Heydari ¹ , علی Nobakht ² , A.R Safamehr ³ , سامان Mahdavi ⁴

1 - Graduate of Animal Sciences, Department of Animal Sciences, Islamic Azad University- Maragheh Branch, Maragheh, Iran
2 - Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Sciences, Islamic Azad University- Maragheh Branch, Maragheh, Iran
3 - Associated Professor, Department of Animal Sciences, Islamic Azad University- Maragheh Branch, Maragheh, Iran
4 - Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Sciences, Islamic Azad University- Maragheh Branch, Maragheh, Iran

Received: 2010-10-02 Accepted : 2011-02-15 Published : 2010-11-22

Keywords: Performance, Medicinal Plants, carcass traits, broilers,

Abstract :

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of using Nettle,Menta pulagum and ‌‌Zizaphora medicinal plants on performance, carcass quality, blood biochemical parameters and blood cells of broilers. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with 288 broilers (Ross-308) in 8 treatments and 3 replicates (with 12 birds in each replicate) from 1 to 42 days and included: 1) control group without using any medicinal plants, 2) 1.5% of ‌‌Nettle, 3) 1.5% of Menta pulagum, 4) 1.5% of Zizaphora, 5) 1.5% of Nettle and Menta pulagum, 6) 1.5% of  Nettle and Zizaphora, 7) 1.5% of Menta pulagum and ‌‌Zizaphora, 8) 1.5% of Nettle,Menta pulagum and ‌‌Zizaphora. The results showed that using these medicinal plants and their mixtures had significant effects on performance, carcass traits and blood biochemical parameters of broilers (p<0.05). The highest amount of daily feed intake (89.55 g) was observed in the control group and the lowest (80.11g) in experimental group 6, the lowest percent of abdominal fat (3.03) was observed in experimental group 5, the highest percent of breast (33.54) was observed in experimental group 7, the lowest level of blood cholesterol (100.97 mg.dl) was observed in experimental group 3 and the lowest blood triglyceride (38.37 mg,dl) was observed in experimental group 8. The overall results showed that using Nettle,Menta pulagum and ‌‌Zizaphora medicinal plants and their mixtures have positive effects on performance, carcass traits and blood biochemical parameters of broilers.

References:

1. رجحان، م. ص. 1379. دارو و درمان گیاهی. چاپ اول، انتشارات علوی، صفحات: 47-32.


2. زرگری، ع. 1381. گیاهان دارویی. جلد دوم، انتشارات دانشگاه تهران، صفحات: 36-25.


3. سفید کن، ف.، صادق زاده، ل. و تیموری، م. 1386. بررسی اثرات ضد میکروبی اسانس گیاه مرزه، فصلنامه علمی پژوهش تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران. جلد 23، شمارة 2، صفحات: 182-174.


4. ماهوتی، ل.، رجائیان، ح. و روغنی، ا. 1386. مطالعة تأثیر گل گندم چمنزار در افزایش وزن جوجه­های گوشتی. مجلة دامپزشکی ایران سال اول، شماره‌ 3، صفحات: 119-114.


5. نجفی، پ.، ترکی، م. و مدرسی، م. 1387. بررسی تأثیر افزودن روغن­های اسانسی آویشن، دارچین و میخک به جیره­های غذایی بر عملکرد جوجه­های گوشتی. مجموعه مقالات اولین همایش ملی فن آوری‌های نوین در کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، صفحات: 1587- 1581.


6. نوری زاده، ع.، میزاپور، ط.، قاسمی، ک. و رضوی، م. 1383. بررسی آثار ضد باکتریایی عصاره‌های نعناع، آویشن، شیرین بیان، پونه، بابونه و مرزه. ماهنامه‌ علمی- پژوهشی دانشور پژشکی. دانشگاه شاهد، شمارة 52، صفحات: 72-67.


7. ولی زاده، م. و مقدم، م. 1373. طرح‌های آزمایشی در علوم کشاورزی. جلد اول، چاپ یازدهم، انتشارات پیشتاز علم، صفحات: 135-100.


8. Akiba, Y. and Matsumoto, T. 1982. Effects of dietary fibers on lipid metabolism in liver and adipose tissue in chicks. Journal of Nutrition. 112:1577-1585.


9. Aritajat, S., Saenphet, K., Thaworn, V. and Wutteraphol, S. 2008. Effects of selected herbal extracts on blood profiles on rats. Southeast Asian Journal Tropical Medicine Public Health, 9 (Supplemented 1).


10. Azeke, M. and Evetc Ekpo, K. 2009. Egg yolk cholesterol lowering effects of garlic and tea. Journal of Medicinal Plant Research. 12:1113-1117.


11. Chesson, A., Stewart, C.S. and Wallace, R.J. 1982. Influence of plant phenolic acids on growth and cellulytic activity of rumen bacteria. Applied Environment Microbiology. 44:597-603.


12. Gülçin, I., Küfrevioğlu, K.Ö.İ., Oktay, M. and Büyükokuroğlu, M.E. 2004. Antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiulcer and analgesic activities of nettle (Uritica dioica L.). Journal of Ethnopharacology. 90:205-215.


13. Herandez, F., Madrir, J. and Garcia, V. 2004. Influence of two plant extracts on broiler performance, digestibility and digestive organ size. Poultry Science. 83:169- 174.


14. Hertrampf, J. W. 2001. Alternative antibacterial performance promoters. Poultry International. 40:50-52.


15. Ipu, M.A., Akhtar, M.S., Anjumi, M.I. and Raja, M.L. 2006. New dimension of medicinal plants as animal feed. Pakistan Veterinary Journal. 26:144-148.


16. Javed, M., Durrani, F.R., Hafeez, A., Khan, R. and Ahmad, I. 2006. Extract of plant mixture on carcass quality of broiler chicks. Journal of Agricultural and Biological Science. 1:115-121.


17. Kamel, C.T. 2001. Modes of action and roles of plant extracts in non ruminants. Recent advances in animal nutrition: P. C. Garnssworthy and J. Wiseman, NottinghamUniv. press, Nottingham, UK. Nutraceuticals). 19-21.


18. Lavinia, S., Dumitrescu, G., Drinceanu, D. and Stef, D. 2009. The effect of medicinal plants and plant extracted oils on broiler duodenum morphology and immunological profile of broiler. Romanian Biotechnological Letters. 9:1906-1914.


19. Lee, K.W., Everts, H. and Beyen, A.C. 2003. Dietary carvacrol lowers body gain but improves feed conversion in female broiler chickens. Journal of Applied Poultry Research. 12:394-399.


20. Madrid, J., Herandez, F., Garcia, V., Orengo, J., Megias, M.D. and Sevilla, V. 2003. Effects of plant extracts on ileal apparent digestibility and carcass yield in broilers at level of farm. In Proc. 14th European Symp. On Poultry Nutrition, August, Lillehammer, Norway. p:187.


21. NRC. 1994. Nutrient Requirements of Poultry. NationalAcademy Press, WashingtonD.C., USA. Ninth Edition. 250p.


22. Ponte, P. and Rosado, C. 2008. Pasture intake improve the performance and meat sensory attributes of free- range in broilers. Poultry Science. 87:71-79.


23. SAS Institute. 2005. SAS Users guide: Statistics. Version 9.12. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC.


24. Sturkie, P.D. 1995. Avian Physiology. Springer Verlag. New York, Forth Edition. pp: 115-270.


25. Wallace, R.J., Artaud, L. and Newbold, C.J. 1994. Influence of Yucca schidigera extract on ruminal ammonia concentrations and ruminal microorganisms. Applied Environment Microbiology. 60:1762-1767.