Study on the effect of consumption period of fish oil on serum concentration of cholesterol and triglyceride and antibody response in broiler chicks
Subject Areas :
Veterinary Clinical Pathology
حسین Iravani
1
,
M.A Karimi Torshizi
2
,
بابک Khierkhah
3
1 - Department of Animal Science, Baft Branch, Islamic Azad University, Baft, Iran
2 - Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
3 - Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
Received: 2011-05-02
Accepted : 2011-08-01
Published : 2011-05-22
Keywords:
Broiler,
fish oil,
antibody response,
Omega-3 fatty acid,
Length of consumption,
Abstract :
The aim of the present study was to determine the optimal time of fish oil inclusion in broiler feed formulation on antibody response and concentration of serum cholesterol and triglyceride. A 49 day study was conducted on 600 one-day old chicks from a commercial hybrid (Ross) which were randomly allocated to 6 groups. The control group was fed a diet containing 5 % corn oil and in experimental groups the fish oil was substituted for corn oil from 2,3,4,5 and 6 weeks. Serum concentration of cholesterol and triglyceride were determined on days 37 and 44. Titer of antibody against sheep red blood cells (SRBC) were determined 7 days after immunization on days 30 and 37. Supplementation of diet by fish oil did not affect concentration of serum cholesterol. However, concentration of serum triglyceride decreased significantly (p<0.01). Titer of IgG against SRBC was affected in first injection (p<0.01) and the maximum antibody response was seen in control group and chickens feeding fish oil for 2 weeks, and antibody response decreased with increase of consumption length of fish oil. Titer of IgM in the second injection (p<0.05) were affected by dietary treatments. Chickens which were fed fish oil for 2, 3 and 4 weeks had higher antibody response than other treatments.
References:
پوررضا، ج. صادقی، ق. و مهری، م. 1385. تغذیه مرغ. (ترجمه)، تالیف: اسکات، ا. چاپ اول، انتشارات ارکان اصفهان، صفحات: 27-16.
پیله ور، م. آرشامی، ج. گلیان، ا. و باسامی، م. 1389. اثر منابع و مقادیر مختلف اسید چرب 3-n بر سیستم ایمنی و تولید مثلی نیمچههای تخمگذار. مجموعه مقالات چهارمین کنگره علوم دامی ایران، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، صفحات: 3931-3928.
Alexander, J.W. 1998. Immunonutrition: The role of ω-3 fatty acids. Nutrition. 14: 627-633.
Alparslan, G. and Özdogan, M. 2006. The effects of diet containing fish oil on some blood parameters and the performance values of broilers and cost efficiency. Int. J. Poult. Sci. 5(5): 415-419.
Boa-Amponsem, K., Price, S.E.H., Dunnington, E.A. and Siegel, P.B. 2001. Effect of route of inoculation on humoral immune response of white leghorn chickens selected for high or low antibody response to sheep red blood cells. J. Poult. Sci. 80: 1073-1078.
Bor-Chun, W. 2002. Immunomodulation by Dietary lipids: Soybean oil, Menhaden fish oil, Chicken fat, and Hydrogenated soybean oil in Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) and Bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus). Ph.D Thesis Virginia Polytechnic Institute and StateUniversity.
Broughton, K.S., Whelan, J. Hardardottir, R. and Kinsella, J.E. 1991. Effects of the increasing thedietary (n-3) to (n-6) polyunsaturated fatty acid ration on murine liver and peritoneal cell fatty acids and eicosanoid formation. J. Nut. 121: 155-164.
Calder, P.C. 1998. Immunoregulatory and anti-inflammatory effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Brza. J. Med. Biol. Res. 31: 467-490.
Delhanty, J. and Salmon, S. 1966. The nature of antibody to goat’s erythrocyte in the developing chicken. Immunology. 11: 103-113.
Friedman, A. and Sklan, D. 1995. Effect of dietary fatty acids on antibody production and fatty acid composition of lymphoid organs in broiler chicks. Poult. Sci. 74: 1463-1469.
Friedman, A. and Sklan, D. 1997. Effect of dietary fatty acids on humoral immune response of turkey. Br. Poult. Sci. 37: 342-348.
Fritsche, K.L. and Cassity, N.A. 1992. Dietary n-3 fatty acids reduce antibody – dependent cell cytotoxicity and alter eicosanoid release by chicken immune cells. Poult. Sci. 71: 1646-1657.
Fritsche, K.L., Cassity, N.A. and Haung, S.C. 1991a. Effect of dietary fat source on antibody production and lymphocyte proliferation in chickens. Poult. Sci. 70: 611-617.
Fritshce, K.L., Cassity, N.A. and Haung, S.C. 1991b. Effect of dietary fats on the fatty acid compositions of serum and immune tissues in chickens. Poult. Sci. 70: 1213-1222.
Glick, B., Day, E.J. and Thompson, D. 1981. Calorie- protein deficiencies and the immune response of the chicken. I. Humoral Immunity. Poult. Sci. 60: 2494-2500.
Kidd, M.T. 2004. Nutritional modulation of immune function in broiler, J. Poult. Sci. 83: 650–657.
Klasing, K.C. 1998. Nutritional modulation of resistance to infectious diseases. Poult. Sci. 77: 1119-1125.
Klasing, K.C. 1997. Interactions between nutrition and infectious disease. PP: 73-80. In: Calnek, B.W. (ed.) Diseases of Poultry. Third Edition. IowaStateUniversity Press. Ames. IOW.
Korver, D.R. and Klasing, K.C. 1997. Alterations in specific and inflammatory immune responses in chicks fed fish oil. J. Nutr. 127: 2039-2046.
Lopez-Bote, J.C., Sans, M., Flores, A. and Carmana, S. 2000. Effect of the inclusion time of dietary saturated and unsaturated fats before slaughter on the accumulation and composition of abdominal fat in female broiler chicken. J. Poult. Sci. 79: 1320-1325.
Lopez-Ferrer, S., Baucells, M.D., Barroeta, A.C. and Grashorn, M.A. 1999. N-3 enrichment of chicken meat using fish oil: Alternative substitution with rapeseed and linseed oils. J. Poult, Sci. 78: 356-365.
Lopez-Ferrer, S., Baucells, M.D., Barroeta, A.C. and Grashorn, M.A. 2001. N-3 Enrichment of chicken meat. 1. Use of very long-chain fatty acids in chicken diets and their influence on meat quality: fish oil. J. Poult. Sci. 80: 741-732.
National Research Council (NRC). 1994. Nutrient Requirements of Poultry. NationalAcademy Press. Washington. D.C. USA. 9Th Edition.
Parmentier, H.K., Nieuwland, M.G.B., Barwegen, M.W., Kwakkel, R.P. and Chrama, J.W. 1997. Dietary unsaturated fatty acids affect antibody responses and growth of chickens divergently selected for humoral responses to sheep red blood cells. Poult. Sci. 76: 1164-1171.
Prickett, J.D., Robinson, D.R. and Block, K.J. 1982. Enhanced production of IgE and IgG antibodies, associated with a diet enriched in eicosapentaenoic acid. Immunology. 46: 819-826.
Richmond, W. 1973. Preparation and properties of a cholesterol oxidase from Nocardia sp. and its application to the enzymatic assay of total cholesterol in serum. Clinic. Chem. 19: 1350-1356.
Saleh, H., Rahimi, S. and Karimi, M.A. 2009. The effect of diet that contained fish oil on performance, serum parameters, the immune system and the fatty acid composition of meat in broilers. Int. J. Vet. Res. 3 (2): 69-75.
SAS Institute. 1999. SAS 6.01. SAS Institute Inc. Cary. NC.
Sijben, J.W.C., Schrama, J.W., Nieuwland, M.G.B. and Parmentier, H.K. 2000. Immunomodulatory effect of indomethacin and prostaglandin E2 on primary and secondary antibody response in growing laying hens. Poult. Sci. 79: 949-955.
Torki, M., Golian, A., Arshami, J. and Tavakkoli, J. 2000. Effect of dietary fat source and fatty acid composition on immune responses of male growing broiler chicks. PSA Annual Meeting.
Wang, Y.W., Field, C.J. and Sim, J.S. 2000. Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids alter lymphocyte subset propotion and proliferation, serum immunoglobulin G concentration, and immune tissue development in chiks. Poult. Sci. 79: 1741-1748.
Zaki, M.M. and Hady, M.M. 1995. Impact of different dietary fat sources on performance and immune response of broiler chickens. Vet. Med. J. Giza. 43: 183-192.
Zollitsch, W., Knaus, W., Aichinger, F. and Lettner, F. 1997. Effects of different dietary fat sources on performance and carcass characteristics of broiler. Animal Feed Science Technology. 66: 63-73.
