Monitoring space - time in Karaj from the perspective of landscape ecology ecological green network
Subject Areas :FAEZE CHEHRAZAR 1 , حمید رضا جعقری 2 , faeze chehrazar 3
1 - univercity of tehran
2 - Faculty Member of Tehran University
3 - univercity of teheran
Keywords: landscape ecology, METRIC, Green areas, Green Ecological Network,
Abstract :
Increasing rate of population growth through past three decades has created more built areas and destroyed landscape structural patterns of ecosystems in Karaj city and adjacent areas. Karaj, which was known as a “garden city”, now is a metropolitan area with limited remnants of green spaces. This research aims to study trend of green space changes by landscape ecological approach.Monitoring of landscape changes is based on the comparison of the Landsat images of 2000 and 2013. The satellite images were classified and then landscape metrics was calculated using synoptic method. Our results indicate that overall landscape of Karaj has been more fragmented. Broad scale changes of green spaces in Karaj landscape show decreasing proportional area and mean patch size, and increasing patch edge density and more irregularity in shape, and shrinkage and fragmentation of green space patches.esults indicate th metrics was calculated using synoptic method. Our results indicate that overall landscape of Karaj has been more fragmented. Broad scale changes of green spaces in Karaj lands
1. پریور، پرستو. 1390. تحلیل تغییرات زمانی و توزیع مکانی فضاهای سبز شهری تهران در مقیاس سیمای سرزمین محیط شناسی، سال سی و چهارم شماره ٤٥ بهار 90، صفحه ٨٤- 73
2. یاوری، احمد رضا، 1383. اصلاح ساختار اکولوژیک و عملکرد زیست محیطی شهری، مورد مطالعاتی کریدورهای طبیعی رود درههای تهران. مجموعه مقالات اولین سمینار ساخت و ساز در پایتخت. دانشکده فنی دانشگاه تهران.
3. نوحه گر احمد، جباریان امیری بهمن و افراخته روشنک (1394). تحلیل کاربری سرزمین در بخش مرکزی گیلان با رویکرد اکولوژی سیمای سرزمین15
4. Apan A, Raine Steven R, Paterson M, 2002, Mapping and Analysis of Changes in the Riparian Landscape Structure of the Lockyer Valley catchment, Queensland, Australia, Journal of Landscape &Urban Planning, 59(1):43-57.
5. Alberti, M. and Marzluff, J. 2004, "Ecological resilience in urban ecosystems: linking urban patterns
6. Bode, Michael, Kevin Burrage, and Hugh P. Possingham. "Using complex network metrics to predict the persistence of metapopulations with asymmetric connectivity patterns." ecological modelling 214.2 (2008): 201-209.
7. Forman, R.T.T. 1995. Some general principle of landscape and regional ecology. Landscape Ecology, 10: 133-142.
8. Forman, R.T.T. 2008. Urban region: ecology and planning beyond the city. Cambridge University Press, New York, USA. 408 Pp.
9. Forman, Richard.T.T & Gordon, Michel .1986. Landscape Ecology. John Willy & Sons New York, N.Y, USA
10. Kong, Fanhua, et al. (2014): "Effects of spatial pattern of greenspace on urban cooling in a large metropolitan area of eastern China." Landscape and Urban Planning 128
11. Liu T, Yang X, 2015, Monitoring land changes in an urban area using satellite imagery, GIS and landscape metrics. Applied Geography, 56: 42-54.
12. Li, Fangzheng Fen Zhang, Li, Xiong Peng, Wang, Junhui Liang, Mei, Yuting, Cheng, Wenwen and Yun Qian, (2017),Spatiotemporal Patterns of the Use of Urban Green Spaces and External Factors Contributing to Their Use in Central Beijing, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.
13. Machlis, G. E., Force, J. E., & Burch Jr, W. R. (1997). The human ecosystem part I: the human ecosystem as an organizing concept in ecosystem management. Society & Natural Resources, 10(4), 347-367.Makhdoum, M. F. (2008). Landscape ecology or environmental studies (Land EcologyEuropean( Versus Anglo-Saxon schools of thought). J. Int. Environ. Appl. Sci, 3(3), 147-160.
14. Ozdemir, I., Mert, A., & Senturk, O. (2012). Predicting landscape structural metrics using aster satellite data. Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management, 20(2), 168-176.
15. Olad Ghaffari, P. & Monavari, (2013),Physical development trend and green space destruction in developing cities: a GIS approach, S.M. Environ Dev Sustain 15: 167. doi:10.1007/s10668-012-9381-5
16. Weng, Y., "Spatial changes of landscape pattern in response to urbanization", Landscape and urban planning, Vol. 81, No. 4,2007, pp. 341–353.
17. Wolff, S., Wu, J., "Modelling urban landscape dynamics: A case study in Phoenix, USA", Urban Ecosystems, Vol. 7,2004, pp. 215–24.
18. Xiu, N., Ignatieva, M., van den Bosch, C.K. et al. (2017).,A socio-ecological perspective of urban green networks: the Stockholm case. Urban Ecosyst, doi:10.1007/s11252-017-0648-3
19. Yuhong Tiana, C.Y. Jimb, Yan Taoc, Tao Shid. (2011). Landscape ecological assessment of green space fragmentation in Hong Kong ,Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, Volume 10, Issue 2, Pages 79–86
20. Yu.X. and NG, C., "An integrated evaluation of landscape change using remote sensing and landscape metrics: A case study of Panyu, Guangzhou", Remote sensing, Vol. 27, No. 6, 2006, pp. 175–192.
21. Zhang, L., & Wang, H. (2006). Planning an ecological network of Xiamen Island (China) using landscape metrics and network analysis. Landscape and Urban Planning, 78(4), 449-456
_||_