The Stylistic Comparison of Satire in Sanaei, Jamal-Din Abdul Razzaq and Anvari’s Poetry
Subject Areas : Persian Language & Literature
Heshmatollah Ansari
1
(Ph.D. candidate, Persian Language and Literature, Sirjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sirjan, Iran.)
Mariam Jafari
2
(Assistant Professor, Persian Language and Literature, Sirjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sirjan, Iran.)
Gholamabbas Zakeri
3
(Assistant Professor, Persian Language and Literature, Sirjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sirjan, Iran.)
Keywords: poetry, Satire, lyrical literature, Sanaie, Anvari, Jamal-Din Abdul Razzaq,
Abstract :
One of the types of lyrical literature that has a high frequency in most works of Persian poets is "satire". Examining the stylistic features of this literary genre can play an important role in entering the world of poets' minds and recognizing their thoughts, emotions and approaches. In this article, we have tried to examine the satires of Sanaie, Anvari and Jamal al-Din, who are all three famous poets of the 12th century and Saljuqi style, in three areas of language, literature and thought, based on social and cultural themes. In this research, selected methods of using prosodic weights, imaginary forms, poetic forms, ideology and words; Includes: the use of animal letters in satire, the use of minor construction, hidden and overt satires, the use of taboo words and also the use of Quranic verses in satire, hidden and overt satires, personal and social in the poems of these three poets. The results show that Jamal al-Din's language is more chaste in satire than Sanaie and Anvari; But Sanaie and Anvari's satires in compare of Jamal al-Din have a sharp, biting and insulting language. Using their poetic art and their surroundings on the situation of the society of their time, these three poets have portrayed many of the corruptions and social anomalies of the era.
_||_
1. The Holy Quran2. Anvari, M., (1985), Divan, edited by Mohammad Taghi Modarres Razavi, 2 volumes, Tehran: Scientific and Cultural, second edition.3. Dad, S. (2008), Dictionary of Literary Terms, Tehran: Morvarid, third edition.4. Farzaneh, B.; Hosseini, M., (2010), "Satire of cities in the Samanid and Ghaznavid periods", Journal of Persian Literature, No. 25, pp. 155-171.5. Firoozabadi, M., (?), Dictionary of the Environment.6. Forouzanfar, B., (1979), Sokhan va Sokhanooran, Tehran: Kharazmi, third edition.7. Ibn Mokarram, J., (?), Arabic language, Beirut: Dar al-Sadr.8. Mohammad Ibn Abdul Razzaq, (2012), Divan of Jamaluddin Isfahani, edited by H. Vahid Dastgerdi, Tehran: Sanaei.9. Joveyni, A., (2003), The History of Jahangisha Jovini, edited by M. Qazvini, Tehran: Book World, third edition.10. Kaseb, A. (1987), Historical Perspective of Satire, Tehran: Author Publisher.11. Mirsadeghi, M., (1984), Dictionary of Poetic Art, Tehran: Mahnaz.12. Mohammad Hussein, M., (1970), Al-Hijjah and Al-Hijjah in Al-Jahiliyyah, Beirut: Dar Al-Nahda Al-Arabiya.13. Nasavi, M., (1964), Nafta Al-Masdoor, edited by A. Yazgardi, Tehran.14. Nikobakht, N., (2001), Satire in Persian Poetry, Tehran: University of Tehran.15. Parsa, A., (1986), "Stylistics of Khaghani's satires" Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, Shiraz University, Volume 25, Number 48, p. 57-68.16. Safa, Z., (1990), History of Literature in Iran, Volume 2, Tehran: Ferdows.17. Sanaei, M., (2008), Hadiqah al-Haqiqah and Sharia al-Tariqah, edited by Modarres Razavi (2nd edition) Tehran: Tehran University Publishing Institute.18. Sanaei, M., (2009), Divan, by B. Forouzanfar, Tehran: Negah, third edition.19. Sarfi, M., (2009), "Ibn Rumi and Anwari in the field of satire", Journal of Comparative Literature, No. 1, pp. 63-86.20. Shafiee Kadkani, M. (2013), The Language of Poetry in Sufi Prose, Tehran: Sokhan.21. Shafiee Kadkani, M. (1993), Bankrupt Kimia Forosh, Tehran: Sokhan, second edition.22. Shafiee Kadkani, M. (2004), Whips of conduct, Tehran: Agah, fourth edition.23. Shamisa, Sirus (1996), Generalities of Stylistics, Tehran: Ferdows, fourth edition.24. Shebli Nomani, M., (1957), Ajam Poetry, translated by M. Fakhraei Gilani, Tehran: Ibn Sina.
