Investigation of growth, nitrate reductase activity, total content of flavonoids, anthocyanins and some elements in Zamioculcas zamiifolia Engl. under the influence of three types of nitrogen fertilizers in greenhouse conditions
Alireza Rahmani
1
(
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Gorgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gorgan, Iran
)
Aryan Sateei
2
(
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Gorgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gorgan, Iran
)
Mehdi Ebadi
3
(
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Gorgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gorgan, Iran
)
Mazeyar Ahmadi Golsefidi
4
(
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Gorgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gorgan, Iran
)
Keywords: nitrogen, Urea, Fertilizer, Medicinal plant, flavonoid, Ornamental plant, Anthocyanin, Nitrate reductase, Zamioculcas Zamiifoli Engl,
Abstract :
In the present study, the effect of nitrogen fertilizers including urea, NPK and Dr. Bio biofertilizer on growth, content of some elements, flavonoids and anthocyanins in the ornamental-medicinal plant Zamioculcas zamiifoliaEngl. was investigated. Plants were planted in pots and in random blocks in the greenhouse of Farhikhtegan of Islamic Azad University of Gorgan under the influence of different concentrations of fertilizer at the levels of 0, 2 and 4 g/l. Based on the results, urea and biofertilizer treatments had more significant effects on various aspects of growth such as fresh weight and dry weight of roots and leaves than NPK fertilizer. Although the flavonoid content of leaves was not affected by fertilizer, but biofertilizer had a significant positive effect on the anthocyanin content of them. Also, concentration 2 g/l of NPK or urea had a negative effect and concentration 4 g/l of urea had a positive effect on the total anthocyanin content of leaves. All treatments had a positive effect on increasing the nitrogen content of roots. Total nitrogen of leaves was not affected by biofertilizer, but showed some increases in other treatments. Both biofertilizer and urea showed positive and significant effects on increasing nitrate reductase activity of leaves. The effect of NPK fertilizer on this enzymatic activity was increased at a concentration of 4 g/l but decreased at a concentration of 2 g/l. All treatments showed significant effects in reducing phosphorus and potassium of leaves and instead increasing them in the roots. Both biofertilizer and NPK had significantly decreased iron content of leaves and roots. In the case of urea, this decrease was observed only for roots and in treatment 2g/ l, while the treatment 4 g/l increased the iron content in both roots and leaves.
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