Study of Differential Responses of Anti Oxidative Enzymes of Two Sensitive and Tolerant Cultivars of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to Salt Stress
Subject Areas : Geneticفائزه Ghanati, 1 , الهام Nayyeri Torshizi, 2
1 - Dep. Biology. Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
2 - Dep. Biology. Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
Keywords: Wheat, ascorbate peroxidase, Catalase, superoxide dismutase, Salt stress,
Abstract :
In this article the effects of salt stress on the activity of antioxidative anzymes and lipid peroxidation were studied in shoots and roots of two cultivars of wheat. The cultivar Mahooti and Alamoot were selected as salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive, respectively. The plants were treated for 24, 48, 96 hours. Mostly salt stress increased the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) in treated plants. Also, the increase in level of CAT activity in roots was more pronounced in the salt-tolerant than in the salt-stress that is indicated the role of CAT for tolerance in Mahooti. The increase in activity of these enzymes during 24 hours of treatment with NaCl in salt-tolerant plants were more than in salt-sensitive plants. Lipid peroxidation had a little increase in treated plants, compared to those of the control ones. Salt stress had no significant effect on accumulation of Na+ in two cultivars. The results indicated that the oxidative stress play an important role in the activity of different enzymes in salt-stress and salt-tolerant plants. Also, rate of enzyme activities showed some flactuations, which suggest the cooperation of antioxidant enzymes with each other corresponding to different times and different stages of the growth.
_||_
Ali, A, Alqurainy, F. (2007) Activities of antioxidants in plants under environmental stress.
Asada, K (1992) Ascorbate peroxidase – a hydrogen peroxidescavenging enzyme in plants. Physiol. Plant. 85:235-241
Azevedo Neto, AD, Prisco, JT, Enéas-Filho, J, Abreu CEB, Gomes-Filho E (2005a) Effect of salt stress on antioxidative enzymes and lipid peroxidation in leaves and roots of salttolerant and salt-sensitive maize genotypes. Environ. Exp.Bot. in press. doi:10.1016/j.envexpbot.2005.01.008
Bor, M, Özdemir, F, Türkan, I (2003) The effect of salt stress on lipid peroxidation and antioxidants in leaves of sugar beet Beta vulgaris L. and wild beet Beta maritima L. Plant Sci.164:77-74.
Bradford, MM (1976) A rapid and sensitive method for the quantification of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal. Biochem. 72:246-254.
Cakmak, I., and Marschner. H. (1992). Magnesium deficiency and high light intensity enhance activities of superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, and glutathione reductase in bean leaves. Plant Physiol. 98:1222-1227.
Chinnusamy, V., Jagendorf, A., Zhu, J.K., (2005). Understanding and improving salt tolerance in plants. Crop Sci. 45, 437-448.
Costa, PHA, Azevede Neto AD, Prisco JT, Enéas-Filho J, Gomes-Filho E. (2005) Antioxidant-enzymatic system of two sorghum genotypes differing in salt tolerance, Braz. J. Plant Physiol., 17(4):353-361, 2005
Dat, J., Vandenabeele, S., Vranova, E., Van Montagu, M., Inze, D., Van Breusegem,F., 2000.Dual action of the active oxygen species during plant stress responses.Rev.CMLS 57:779-795.
De Vos, C.H.R., Schat H., De Waal M.A.D., Vooijs and Ernst W.H.O., (1991). Increased resistance to copper-induced damage of root plasma membranein copper tolerant cilene cucubalus.Physiol. Plant.82,523-528.
Giannopolitis, CN, Ries, SK (1977). Superoxide dismutases. I. Occurrence in higher plants. Plant Physiol. 59:309-314.
Gosset, DR, Millhollon, EP, Lucas, MC (1994) Antioxidant response to NaCl stress in salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive cultivars of cotton. Crop Sci. 34:706-714.
Heath, RL, Packer L (1968) Photoperoxidation in isolated chloroplasts.I. Kinetics and stochiometry of fatty acid peroxidation. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 125:189-198.
Kim, S.Y, Lim, J, Park, M.R, Kim, Y.J, Park, T., Seo, Y.W, Choi, K.G, Yun, S.J. (2005) Enhanced antioxidant enzymes are associated with reduced hydrogen peroxide in barley roots under saline stress. J. Biochem. Mol. Bio. 38: 218-224.
Liggini, B., Scartazza A., Brugnoli E., Navari F. (1999) Antioxidative defense system, pigment composition photosynthetic efficiency in two wheat cultivars subjected to drought. Plant Physiol. 119:1091-1100.
Mittova, V, Tal M, Volokita M, Guy M (2002). Salt stress induces up-regulation of an efficient chloroplast antioxidant system in the salt-tolerant wild tomato species Lycopersicon pennellii but not in the cultivated species. Physiol. Plant. 115:393-400.
Nakano, Y, Asada, K (1981) Hydrogen peroxide is scavenged by ascorbate-specific peroxidases in spinach chloroplasts. Plant Cell Physiol. 22:867-880.
Rios-Gonzalez, K., Erdei, L., Lips H. (2002) The activity of antioxidant enzymes in maize and sunflower seedlings as affected by salinity and different nitrogen sources.Plant Sci. 192:923-930.
Sairam, RK, Rao, KV, Srivastava, GC (2002) Differential response of wheat genotypes to long-term salinity stress in relation to oxidative stress, antioxidant activity and osmolyte concentration. Plant Sci. 163:1037-1046.
Sudhakar, C, Lakshmi, A, Giridarakumar, S (2001) Changes in the antioxidant enzyme efficacy in two high yielding genotypes of mulberry (Morus alba L.) under NaCl salinity. Plant Sci. 161:613-619.
Vaidyanathan, H, Sivakumar P, Chakrabarty R, Thomas G (2003). Scavenging of reactive oxygen species in NaCl-stressed rice (Oryza sativa L.) – differential response in salt-tolerant and sensitive varieties. Plant Sci. 165:1411-1418.
