Phytochemical and antioxidant activity of essential oil in root of Achillea millefolium, Achillea biebersteinii in natural regions of Gilan province

Subject Areas : Phytochemistry

Farshid Rezaei ¹ (Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, Iran)
Rashid Jamei ² (Assistant Professor, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Urmia, Urmia, Iran.)

Received: 2017-08-17 Accepted : 2018-02-12 Published : 2018-02-20

Keywords: Essential oil, Flavonoid content, Achillea millefolium, Achillea biebersteinii, Antioxidant &beta, -Thujone,

Abstract :

In recent years, some reports have been presented about the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of some  root essential oils of  Achillea species. This research carried out in order to evaluating of oil yield, phytochemical variation and antioxidant activity of root essential oils of Achillea millefolium L. and Achillea biebersteinii Afan. These plants were collected in June 2016 from Dogaheh region of Rudbar (1700 m) in Gilan province. The essential oils were obtained by water distillation method (Clevenger apparatus) and were analyzed by (GC/MS) .The phenolic contents were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC),total phenols and flavonoids were determined according to the Folin-Ciocalteu procedure and aluminum chloride colorimetric method, respectively. The antioxidant activity of the essential oils was also evaluated by 1, 1 -diphenyl-2 picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging technique. The findings showed that the main compounds of the A. millefolium essential oil include :β-thujone (18.83%), δ-cadinene (16.87%) and boneol (14.51%), whereas the most abundant compounds in the A. biebersteiniioil were 1,8-cineol (28.82%), p-cimene (15.12%) and camphor (8.34%). According to results, although the total flavonoid content in Achilleamillefolium (54.75 mg/ml oil) was lower than  A.biebersteinii (72.33 mg/ml oil), it had the highest antioxidant activity (74%).

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