The influence and role of medicine of non-Islamic civilizations on the medicine of Islamic civilization

Subject Areas : Journal of History (Tarikh)

mohammad ali shah heydari ¹ , ghafar porbakhtiar ² , Abdolaziz Movahed ³

1 - Phd Student ، Department Of History ، Shoushtar branch ، Islamic Azad University ، Shoushtar ، Iran
2 - Assistant Professor, Department of History, Shushtar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shoushtar, Iran
3 - Department of History, Shushtar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shoushtar, Iran

Received: 2021-10-17 Accepted : 2022-01-10 Published : 2022-02-20

Keywords: translation movement, Science of medicine, Jundishapur University, non-Muslim doctors, Tasahel Khalifa,

Abstract :

The growth and expansion of medical knowledge in Islamic civilization is not only due to Muslim doctors, because non-Muslim doctors have also contributed to the formation and flourishing of this knowledge. Analyzing the contribution of non-Muslim doctors in the medicine of the Islamic period is possible through quantitative and qualitative analysis of their works in three areas: translation, treatment and authorship. According to the statistical analysis of the translated books of medical sciences, almost half of the famous doctors working in the courts of the caliphs of the Islamic world were Christians, Jews, and sometimes Sabaeans and Samaritans. The need of the caliphs and courtiers for healers, the lack of qualified Muslim doctors compared to non-Muslim doctors, and the tolerance and tolerance of the caliphs and the relative immunity of these doctors were the reasons for their presence in the court of the Islamic caliphs. On the other hand, the presence of these doctors in the fields, in addition to therapy, resulted in other results and effects, including the expansion and progress of medical knowledge. . The basic findings of this research show that, from the Abbasid period onwards, Muslims have directly and indirectly acquired and adapted the medical science of different nations, and besides being influenced by them, in some branches, Medicine, therapy, botany and pharmacy have been influenced by him.