Local history of Helwan up to the Ottoman period

Subject Areas : Journal of History (Tarikh)

soltanmorad mahaki ¹ (PhD student in History and Civilization of Islamic Nations, Islamic Azad University of Qom)
mohammadreza shahidi pak ² (Department of History, central tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, tehran,i, Iran)
mohammad dardashti ³ (Al-Mustafa International University)

Received: 2020-10-01 Accepted : 2020-10-04 Published : 2021-02-19

Keywords: Civilization, Islam, Keywords: Halon, local,

Abstract :

.AbstractLocal history of Halvan. The customs and achievements of civilization based on written and oral sources were studied by descriptive and analytical methods and field studies. And these developments have been depicted with reference to reliable sources. Helwan, one of the eight ancient cities of the world, the gateway to Islam in Iran, which became the center of Islamic civilization, the existence of abundant natural resources, strategic location and the Silk Road route attracted the attention of the powers. Halwan was a large city in the fourth century AH. This city was abandoned for a long time after its conquest by the Seljuks and the historic earthquake (544 AH). The seventh century with the Mongol invasion accelerated the destruction of the city and a collection of several tens of incomes. Qazvini at the end of the seventh century and Hamdollah Mostofi in the middle of the eighth century describe it as an abandoned city.Keywords: Halon, local, civilization, Islam