Economic Value and Produced Milk Quality in Holstein Lactating Cows in Organic System
محورهای موضوعی : Camel
م. شریفی
1
,
ر. پهلوان
2
,
ع. آقایی
3
1 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
2 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
3 - Department of Management and Accounting, Farabi Compus University of Tehran, Qom, Iran
کلید واژه: Economic, milk composition, blood metabolite, organic system,
چکیده مقاله :
In the past decade, a global demand for products from organic agriculture has increased rapidly. Milk quality is of major interest for all parties. Therefore, the objective of this study was to compare cow performance and product quality in conventional and organic system. Twenty Holstein dairy cows were allotted to one of 2 diet groups, which including: a conventional diet (CON), and an organic system with high forage (OHF). Multiparous cows (3rd and 4th parity) were randomly assigned to the treatments. Range forages were used as part of diets and cows were offered concentrate and silage two times a day. Dry matter intake (DMI) and milk yield were measured across 200 d. Furthermore, somatic cell count, feed cost and feed efficiency were determined at 20 day intervals. The milk yield was different for cows that treated with the OHF (22.5 kg/d) and CON (28.9 kg/d) systems, respectively. Body weights were not affected by treatments; however, differences in body condition scores (P<0.05) were observed. Although energy corrected milk, milk urea nitrogen, cortisol and β-hydroxybutyrate acid were higher in cows fed CON system; milk fat, phytanic acid, hippuric acid and profit to cost ratio were higher (P<0.05) in cows fed organic system. Additionally, lower feed efficiency, feed cost and blood urea nitrogen were observed in cows fed organic diets (P<0.05).
در دهه‌های گذشته، تقاضای جهانی برای تولیدات کشاورزی سبز به سرعت رو به افزایش است. کیفیت شیر یکی از علاقه‌های اصلی برای همه بخش‌ها می‌باشد. بنابراین، موضوع این مطالعه مقایسه عملکرد گاوها و کیفیت شیر تولیدی در سیستم‌های رایج و سبز (ارگانیک) بوده است. 20 رأس گاو هلشتاین در دو گروه غذایی اختصاص یافته بودند که شامل جیره رایج (CON) و سیستم سبز (ارگانیک) با علوفه بالا (OHF) بود. گاوهای چند شکم‌زا (شکم سوم و چهارم) به طور تصادفی در بین تیمارها قرار داده شد. علوفه مرتعی به عنوان بخشی از خوراک بکار گرفته شده بود، و به گاوها مواد متراکم و علوفه سیلویی دوبار در روز ارائه می‌شد. ماده خشک مصرفی و شیر تولیدی در طی 200 اول شیردهی روز اندازه‌گیری شد. بعلاوه، سلول‌های سوماتیک شیر، ارزش خوراک و کارایی خوراک هر 20 روز در میان تعیین گردید. تولید شیر بین گاوها متفاوت بود که به ترتیب برای تیمارOHF دارای 5/22 کیلوگرم شیر در روز و تیمارCON دارای 9/28 کیلوگرم شیر در روز بود. وزن بدن گاوها بین دو تیمار تفاوت معنی‌داری نداشت؛ با این حال، تفاوت در نمره وضعیت بدنی قابل مشاهده بود (05/0P<). اگرچه انرژی تصحیح شده شیر، نیتروژن اوره ایی شیر، کورتیزول و اسید بتا هیدروکسی بوتیرات در گاوهای تغذیه شده در سیستم رایج بالاتر بود؛ چربی شیر، اسید فیتانیک، هیپوریک اسید و نرخ سود به هزینه گاوهای تغذیه شده از سیستم سبز بالاتر شد (05/0P<). بعلاوه، کارایی خوراک، ارزش ریالی خوراک و نیتروژن اوره ایی خون در گاوهای تغذیه شده در سیستم سبز (ارگانیک) پایین تر مشاهده شد (05/0P<).
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