Effect of Milking Frequency on the Lactation Performance and Lactation Curve of Holstein Dairy Cows in Iran
محورهای موضوعی : Camel
1 - Department of Animal Science, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
کلید واژه: dairy cow, lactation curve, lactation performance, milking frequency,
چکیده مقاله :
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of milking frequency (three times daily vs. two times daily) on the lactation curve shape, partial and 305-d lactation performance in Holstein dairy cows in Iran. Data from February 2000 to December 2012 comprising 217345 lactations on 141364 cows distributed in 324 herds collected by the Animal Breeding Center of Iran were used. The mean milking frequency was 2.88 (0.32) times and increased from 2.72 (0.004) times in 2000 to 2.97 (0.002) times in 2012. The shape of the lactation curve for cows milked thrice daily tended to be higher and flatter than that for those milked twice. The first parity cows milked twice daily had a significant lower days in milk (DIM) until peak (79.52 (0.49) days) than those milked thrice (88.66 (0.28) days). In all parities except for parity ≥ 4, lactation persistency was higher in the cows milked thrice daily than in those milked twice. The percentages of increase in 305-d milk yield due to increasing milking frequency from two times to three times daily, were 12.34, 14.02, 12.79 and 14.76% for cows in parity 1 to parity ≥ 4, respectively. The 305-d milk yield was higher by 959 (28.89), 1175 (32.7), 1099 (38.6) and 1271 (45.0) kg for cows milked thrice daily than those milked twice in parity 1 to parity ≥ 4, respectively. The corresponding values for the 305-d fat yield were 4.35 (0.98), 16.68 (1.11), 17.19 (1.28) and 18.76 (1.51) kg. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that increasing milking frequency not only increased milk yield but also improved the initial yield, peak yield and lactation persistency.
هدف این مطالعه بررسی اثر دفعات دوشش (دو بار و سه بار دوشش) بر منحنی شیردهی و عملکرد شیردهی جزئی و 305 روز در گاوهای هلشتاین ایران بود. دادههای 217345 شیردهی روی 141364 گاو در 324 گله، گردآوری شده در بین سالهای 1379 تا 1391 به وسیله مرکز اصلاح نژاد دام ایران، استفاده شد. میانگین دفعات دوشش (32/0) 88/2 بار بود و از (004/0) 72/2 بار در سال 1391 با (002/0) 97/2 بار در سال 1391 افزایش یافت. منحنی شیردهی در گاوهای سه بار دوشش بالاتر و تختتر از منحنی شیردهی در گاوهای دو بار دوشش بود. زمان به اوج رسیدن تولید شیر در گاوهای شکم اول دو بار دوشش ((49/0)52/79 روز) کوتاهتر از گاوهای شکم اول سه بار دوشش ((28/0)66/88 روز) بود. در گاوهای شکم یک تا سه، تدوام شیردهی در گاوهای سه بار دوشش بالاتر از گاوهای دو بار دوشش بود. تولید شیر 305 روز در گاوهای سه بار دوشش در مقایسه با گاوهای دو بار دوشش در شکم زایشهای اول تا چهارم به ترتیب 34/12، 02/14، 79/12 و 76/14 درصد افزایش یافت. تولید شیر 305 روز در گاوهای سه بار دوشش شکم اول تا چهارم به ترتیب (89/28) 959، (7/32) 1175، (6/38) 1099 و (0/45) 1271 کیلوگرم بیشتر از گاوهای دو بار دوشش بود. ارزشهای متناظر برای تولید چربی (98/0) 35/4، (11/1) 68/16، (28/1) 19/17 و (51/1) 76/18 کیلوگرم بودند.
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