Effects of Spirulina platensis on Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics, Egg Traits and Immunity Response of Japanese Quails
محورهای موضوعی : Camel
1 - Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
2 - Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
کلید واژه: immunity, egg quality, quail, <i>Spirulina platensis</i>,
چکیده مقاله :
In present study, two trials had been conducted to evaluate the effects of Spirulina platensis (SP) on growth performance, carcass characteristics, egg quantity and quality traits, and immunity response of Japanese quails. In trial 1, a total number of 180 one-day-old Japanese quails were randomly assigned into 6 groups, 3 replicates with 10 quail chicks per replicate. Experimental diets including basal diet (with no additive), diet contained probiotic, and diets contained 4 levels of SP (2.5, 5, 10, 20 g/kg diet). In trial 2, a total number of 250 Japanese laying quails were randomly assigned into 5 groups, 5 replicates with 10 laying quails per replicate. Experimental diets included of basal diet (no additive) and diets supplemented with three levels of SP (1, 3 or 5 g/kg diet). In experiment 1, using 5 g SP/kg diet caused higher body weight gain and European production efficiency factor during 1-35 d of age (P<0.05). Using SP at the levels of 2.5 or 5 g/kg diet increased breast percentage (P<0.05). In experiment 2, using different levels of SP decreased shell thickness, albumen height, haugh unit and yolk height in laying quails (P<0.05). However, Feeding different levels of SP increased (P< 0.05) egg yolk color compared to control group linearly. Dietary supplementation of SP at levels of 3 and 5 g/kg diet decreased cholesterol level per g yolk (P<0.05). Different levels of SP caused higher levels of total antibody against sheep red blood cells (SRBC) and IgG titers (P<0.05). Laying quails fed with 3 or 5 g SP/kg showed higher cutaneous basophil hypersensitivity after 12 or 24 h of phytohemagglutinin injection (P<0.05). In conclusion, we recommend using SP at the levels of 5 and 3 g/kg diet during growth and laying period of Japanese quails, respectively.
در مطالعه حاضر، 2 آزمایش جهت ارزیابی تأثیر اسپیرولینا پلاتنسیس بر عملکرد رشد، خصوصیات لاشه، صفات تخم و پاسخ ایمنی بلدرچینهای ژاپنی طراحی شد. در آزمایش 1، تعداد 180 قطعه جوجه بلدرچین یکروزه به طور تصادفی به 6 گروه، 3 تکرار با 10 جوجه بلدرچین در هر تکرار اختصاص داده شد. جیرههای آزمایشی شامل جیره پایه (بدون افزودنی)، جیره حاوی پروبیوتیک، و جیرههای حاوی 4 سطح اسپیرولینا پلاتنسیس (5/2، 5، 10، 20 گرم/کیلوگرم جیره) بود. در آزمایش 2، تعداد 250 قطعه بلدرچین ژاپنی تخمگذار به طور تصادفی به 5 گروه، 5 تکرار با 10 بلدرچین تخمگذار در هر تکرار اختصاص یافت. جیرههای آزمایشی شامل جیره پایه (بدون افزودنی)، و جیرههای مکمل شده با 3 سطح اسپیرولینا پلاتنسیس (1، 3 یا 5 گرم/کیلوگرم جیره) بود. در آزمایش اول، استفاده از 5 گرم اسپیرولینا در هر کیلوگرم جیره سبب افزایش وزن بدن بیشتر و افزایش شاخص کارایی تولید اروپایی طی 35-1 روزگی شد (05/0P<). استفاده از اسپیرولینا پلاتنسیس در سطوح 5/2 یا 5 گرم/کیلوگرم جیره درصد سینه را افزایش داد (05/0P<). درآزمایش دوم، استفاده از سطوح مختلف اسپیرولینا پلاتنسیس ضخامت پوسته، ارتفاع آلبومن، واحد هاو و ارتفاع زرده را در بلدرچینهای تخمگذار کاهش داد (05/0P<). استفاده از سطوح مختلف اسپیرولینا پلاتنسیس به طور خطی رنگ زرده تخم را در مقایسه با گروه شاهد افزایش داد (05/0P<). مکملسازی اسپیرولینا در سطوح 3 و 5 گرم/کیلوگرم جیره سطح کلسترول به ازای هر گرم زرده را کاهش داد (05/0P<). سطوح مختلف اسپیرولینا سبب افزایش عیار آنتیبادی تام علیه گلبول قرمز گوسفند و ایمونوگلوبولین G شد (05/0P<). بلدرچینهای تخمگذار تغذیه شده با 3 یا 5 گرم اسپیرولینا/کیلوگرم جیره، 12 یا 24 ساعت بعد از تزریق فیتوهماگلوتینین حساسیت پوستی بیشتری نشان دادند (05/0P<). در نتیجه کلی، ما استفاده از اسپیرولینا پلاتنسیس را در سطوح 5 و 3 گرم/کیلوگرم جیره به ترتیب طی دوره رشد و تخمگذاری بلدرچین ژاپنی توصیه میکنیم.
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